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The massive spread of hate speech, hateful content targeted at specific subpopulations, is a problem of critical social importance. Automated methods of hate speech detection typically employ state-of-the-art deep learning (DL)-based text…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-23 Tomer Wullach , Amir Adler , Einat Minkov

Automatic hate speech detection is hampered by the scarcity of labeled datasetd, leading to poor generalization. We employ pretrained language models (LMs) to alleviate this data bottleneck. We utilize the GPT LM for generating large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-03 Tomer Wullach , Amir Adler , Einat Minkov

The widespread use of social media necessitates reliable and efficient detection of offensive content to mitigate harmful effects. Although sophisticated models perform well on individual datasets, they often fail to generalize due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Huy Nghiem , Hal Daumé

This paper envisions a multi-agent system for detecting the presence of hate speech in online social media platforms such as Twitter and Facebook. We introduce a novel framework employing deep learning techniques to coordinate the channels…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-05-05 Gaurav Sahu , Robin Cohen , Olga Vechtomova

Reliable automatic hate speech (HS) detection systems must adapt to the in-flow of diverse new data to curtail hate speech. However, hate speech detection systems commonly lack generalizability in identifying hate speech dissimilar to data…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Shi Yin Hong , Susan Gauch

The rapid increase in hate speech on social media has exposed an unprecedented impact on society, making automated methods for detecting such content important. Unlike prior black-box models, we propose a novel transparent method for…

Social media memes are a challenging domain for hate detection because they intertwine visual and textual cues into culturally nuanced messages. To tackle these challenges, we introduce TRACE, a hierarchical multimodal framework that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-10 Girish A. Koushik , Helen Treharne , Aditya Joshi , Diptesh Kanojia

The dissemination of online hate speech can have serious negative consequences for individuals, online communities, and entire societies. This and the large volume of hateful online content prompted both practitioners', i.e., in content…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Julian Bäumler , Louis Blöcher , Lars-Joel Frey , Xian Chen , Markus Bayer , Christian Reuter

With the ever-increasing cases of hate spread on social media platforms, it is critical to design abuse detection mechanisms to proactively avoid and control such incidents. While there exist methods for hate speech detection, they…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-01-17 Pinkesh Badjatiya , Manish Gupta , Vasudeva Varma

The proliferation of hateful content in online videos poses severe threats to individual well-being and societal harmony. However, existing solutions for video hate detection either rely heavily on large-scale human annotations or lack…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Yueming Sun , Long Yang , Jianbo Jiao , Zeyu Fu

In social network service platforms, crime suspects are likely to use cybercrime coded words for communication by adding criminal meanings to existing words or replacing them with similar words. For instance, the word 'ice' is often used to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Yongyeon Kim , Byung-Won On , Ingyu Lee

Hate speech detection refers to the task of detecting hateful content that aims at denigrating an individual or a group based on their religion, gender, sexual orientation, or other characteristics. Due to the different policies of the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-10 Paras Sheth , Tharindu Kumarage , Raha Moraffah , Aman Chadha , Huan Liu

The rapid growth of social media platforms has raised significant concerns regarding online content toxicity. When Large Language Models (LLMs) are used for toxicity detection, two key challenges emerge: 1) the absence of domain-specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Yibo Zhao , Jiapeng Zhu , Can Xu , Yao Liu , Xiang Li

The issue of hate speech extends beyond the confines of the online realm. It is a problem with real-life repercussions, prompting most nations to formulate legal frameworks that classify hate speech as a punishable offence. These legal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-10 Katerina Korre , John Pavlopoulos , Paolo Gajo , Alberto Barrón-Cedeño

Hateful content online is often expressed using fact-like, not necessarily correct information, especially in coordinated online harassment campaigns and extremist propaganda. Failing to jointly address hate speech (HS) and misinformation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Nicolás Benjamín Ocampo , Tommaso Caselli , Davide Ceolin

In this paper we demonstrate how code-switching patterns can be utilised to improve various downstream NLP applications. In particular, we encode different switching features to improve humour, sarcasm and hate speech detection tasks. We…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-06 Srijan Bansal , Vishal Garimella , Ayush Suhane , Jasabanta Patro , Animesh Mukherjee

An increasingly common expression of online hate speech is multimodal in nature and comes in the form of memes. Designing systems to automatically detect hateful content is of paramount importance if we are to mitigate its undesirable…

Cyberbullying is a significant concern intricately linked to technology that can find resolution through technological means. Despite its prevalence, technology also provides solutions to mitigate cyberbullying. To address growing concerns…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-06-27 Sylvia Worlali Azumah , Nelly Elsayed , Zag ElSayed , Murat Ozer , Amanda La Guardia

Toxicity has become a grave problem for many online communities and has been growing across many languages, including Russian. Hate speech creates an environment of intimidation, discrimination, and may even incite some real-world violence.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-10-23 Nadezhda Zueva , Madina Kabirova , Pavel Kalaidin

Most hate speech detection research focuses on a single language, generally English, which limits their generalisability to other languages. In this paper we investigate the cross-lingual hate speech detection task, tackling the problem by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Aiqi Jiang , Arkaitz Zubiaga