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In most macro-scale robotics systems , propulsion and controls are enabled through a physical tether or complex on-board electronics and batteries. A tether simplifies the design process but limits the range of motion of the robot, while…

Robotics · Computer Science 2017-10-16 Tian Chen , Osama R. Bilal , Kristina Shea , Chiara Daraio

Bipedal robots are a fascinating and advanced category of robots designed to mimic human form and locomotion. The development of the bipedal robots is a significant milestone in robotics. However, even the most advanced bipedal robots are…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Shreyansh Pitroda

Compared to conventional wheeled transportation systems designed for flat surfaces, soft robots exhibit exceptional adaptability to various terrains, enabling stable movement in complex environments. However, due to the risk of collision…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Siyuan Feng , Dengfeng Yan , Jin Liu , Haotong Han , Alexandra Kühl , Shuguang Li

Animals achieve robust locomotion by offloading regulation from the brain to physical couplings within the body. In contrast, locomotion in artificial systems often depends on centralized processors. We introduce a rapid and autonomous…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-05-16 Alberto Comoretto , Harmannus A. H. Schomaker , Johannes T. B. Overvelde

Biomimicry has played a pivotal role in robotics. In contrast to rigid robots, bio-inspired robots exhibit an inherent compliance, facilitating versatile movements and operations in constrained spaces. The robot implementation in…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Po-Yu Hsieh , June-Hao Hou

This study examines a biology-inspired approach of using reconfigurable articulation to reduce the control requirement for soft robotic arms. We construct a robotic arm by assembling Kresling origami modules that exhibit predictable…

Applied Physics · Physics 2020-08-18 Joshua Kaufmann , Suyi Li

Robots are becoming increasingly essential for traversing complex environments such as disaster areas, extraterrestrial terrains, and marine environments. Yet, their potential is often limited by mobility and adaptability constraints. In…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-10 Nnamdi Chikere , John McElroy , Yasemin Ozkan-Aydin

Fully soft bistable mechanisms have shown extensive applications ranging from soft robotics, wearable devices, and medical tools, to energy harvesting. However, the lack of design and fabrication methods that are easy and potentially…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-02-15 Mrunmayi Mungekar , Leixin Ma , Wenzhong Yan , Vishal Kackar , Shyan Shokrzadeh , M. Khalid Jawed

Amphibious robots, operating seamlessly across land and water, are advancing applications in conservation, disaster response, and defense. Their performance depends on locomotion mechanisms, actuation technologies, and sensor-control…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Yi Jin , Chang Liu , Roger D. Quinn , Robert J. Wood , C. Chase Cao

Legged robot locomotion on a dynamic rigid surface (i.e., a rigid surface moving in the inertial frame) involves complex full-order dynamics that is high-dimensional, nonlinear, and time-varying. Towards deriving an analytically tractable…

Robotics · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Amir Iqbal , Sushant Veer , Yan Gu

Legged locomotion enables robotic systems to traverse extremely challenging terrains. In many real-world scenarios, the terrain is not that difficult and these mixed terrain types introduce the need for flexible use of different walking…

Robots built from soft materials can alter their shape and size in a particular profile. This shape-changing ability could be extremely helpful for rescue robots and those operating in unknown terrains and environments. In changing shape,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2016-05-13 Vishesh Vikas , Eliad Cohen , Rob Grassi , Canberk Sozer , Barry Trimmer

In this paper, we speculate on a possible application of Liquid Crystal Elastomers to the field of soft robotics. In particular, we study a concept for limbless locomotion that is amenable to miniaturisation. For this purpose, we formulate…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2016-02-09 Antonio DeSimone , Paolo Gidoni , Giovanni Noselli

This paper introduces a new type of soft continuum robot, called SCoReS, which is capable of self-controlling continuously its curvature at the segment level; in contrast to previous designs which either require external forces or machine…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Xinran Wang , Qiujie Lu , Dongmyoung Lee , Zhongxue Gan , Nicolas Rojas

Much current study of legged locomotion has rightly focused on foot traction forces, including on granular media. Future legged millirobots will need to go through terrain, such as brush or other vegetation, where the body contact forces…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-04-22 Can Koc , Cem Koc , Brian Su , Carlos Casarez , Ronald Fearing

Kirigami-inspired metamaterials are attracting increasing interest because of their ability to achieve extremely large strains and shape changes via out-of-plane buckling. While in flat kirigami sheets the ligaments buckle simultaneously as…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2019-05-02 Ahmad Rafsanjani , Lishuai Jin , Bolei Deng , Katia Bertoldi

Legged machines are becoming increasingly agile and adaptive but they have so far lacked the morphological diversity of legged animals, which have been rearranged and reshaped to fill millions of niches. Unlike their biological…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Chen Yu , David Matthews , Jingxian Wang , Jing Gu , Douglas Blackiston , Michael Rubenstein , Sam Kriegman

Locomotion is typically studied either in continuous media where bodies and legs experience forces generated by the flowing medium, or on solid substrates dominated by friction. In the former, centralized coordination is believed to…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-03-29 Baxi Chong , Juntao He , Shengkai Li , Eva Erickson , Kelimar Diaz , Tianyu Wang , Daniel Soto , Daniel I. Goldman

Amphibians adapt their morphologies and motions to accommodate movement in both terrestrial and aquatic environments. Inspired by these biological features, we present PuffyBot, an untethered shape morphing robot capable of changing its…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Shashwat Singh , Zilin Si , Zeynep Temel

Serially connected robots are promising candidates for performing tasks in confined spaces such as search-and-rescue in large-scale disasters. Such robots are typically limbless, and we hypothesize that the addition of limbs could improve…