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Existing code benchmarks measure whether an agent can produce any test that reproduces a known bug, or whether it can produce a patch that fixes a described issue. Neither isolates the distinct skill of property-based testing: deriving a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Lucas Jing , Xinqi Wang , Liao Zhang , Simon S. Du

Recent advances in coding agents have shown remarkable progress in software issue resolution. In practice, real-world issues are typically bug fixes or feature requests in which human developers naturally incorporate refactoring as part of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Zhao Tian , Zifan Zhang , Tao Xiao , Dong Wang , Masanari Kondo , Junjie Chen , Yasutaka Kamei

LLM Agents produce patches automatically to resolve an issue. However, they can generate inaccurate patches. Little is known about the root causes behind those failed patches or how those could be fixed. This paper reports an empirical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Haoran Xue , Gias Uddin , Song Wang

The Linux kernel is a critical system, serving as the foundation for numerous systems. Bugs in the Linux kernel can cause serious consequences, affecting billions of users. Fault localization (FL), which aims at identifying the buggy code…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Zhenhao Zhou , Zhuochen Huang , Yike He , Chong Wang , Jiajun Wang , Yijian Wu , Xin Peng , Yiling Lou

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely believed to possess self-correction capabilities, yet recent studies suggest that intrinsic self-correction--where models correct their own outputs without external feedback--remains largely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-06 Yin Li

Software bugs in a production environment have an undesirable impact on quality of service, unplanned system downtime, and disruption in good customer experience, resulting in loss of revenue and reputation. Existing approaches to automated…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2020-02-21 Anusha Bableshwar , Arun Ravindran , Manoj Iyer

With the growing interest on Large Language Models (LLMs) for fault localization and program repair, ensuring the integrity and generalizability of the LLM-based methods becomes paramount. The code in existing widely-adopted benchmarks for…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-10-26 Yonghao Wu , Zheng Li , Jie M. Zhang , Yong Liu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled intelligent agents that autonomously interact with environments and invoke external tools. Recently, agent-based software repair has drawn wide attention, as repair agents can localize bugs,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Quanjun Zhang , Chengyu Gao , Yu Han , Ye Shang , Chunrong Fang , Zhenyu Chen , Liang Xiao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized intelligent application development. While standalone LLMs cannot perform any actions, LLM agents address the limitation by integrating tools. However, debugging LLM agents is difficult and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-28 Niful Islam , Ragib Shahriar Ayon , Deepak George Thomas , Shibbir Ahmed , Mohammad Wardat

Recent research in Needle-in-a-Haystack (NIAH) benchmarks has explored the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) in retrieving contextual information from large text documents. However, as LLMs become increasingly integrated into…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Hokyung Lee , Sumanyu Sharma , Bing Hu

Automated program repair (APR) has recently shifted toward large language models and agent-based systems, yet most systems rely on local snapshot context, overlooking repository history. Prior work shows that repository history helps repair…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Yu Shi , Hao Li , Bram Adams , Ahmed E. Hassan

Accurate project localization (e.g., files and functions) for issue resolution is a critical first step in software maintenance. However, existing benchmarks for issue localization, such as SWE-Bench and LocBench, are limited. They focus…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Zejun Zhang , Jian Wang , Qingyun Yang , Yifan Pan , Yi Tang , Yi Li , Zhenchang Xing , Tian Zhang , Xuandong Li , Guoan Zhang

Modern agentic frameworks (e.g., CrewAI and AutoGen) have evolved into complex, autonomous multi-agent systems, introducing unique reliability challenges beyond earlier pipeline-based LLM libraries. However, existing empirical studies focus…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-13 Xiaowen Zhang , Hannuo Zhang , Shin Hwei Tan

Large Language Models (LLMs) for code have gained significant attention recently. They can generate code in different programming languages based on provided prompts, fulfilling a long-lasting dream in Software Engineering (SE), i.e.,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-03-19 Florian Tambon , Arghavan Moradi Dakhel , Amin Nikanjam , Foutse Khomh , Michel C. Desmarais , Giuliano Antoniol

Generative Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used in non-generative software maintenance tasks, such as fault localization (FL). Success in FL depends on a models ability to reason about program semantics beyond surface-level…

Redundancy-based automated program repair (APR), which generates patches by referencing existing source code, has gained much attention since they are effective in repairing real-world bugs with good interpretability. However, since…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-08-27 Jiajun Jiang , Fengjie Li , Zijie Zhao , Zhirui Ye , Mengjiao Liu , Bo Wang , Hongyu Zhang , Junjie Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been gaining increasing attention and demonstrated promising performance across a variety of Software Engineering (SE) tasks, such as Automated Program Repair (APR), code summarization, and code completion.…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Quanjun Zhang , Tongke Zhang , Juan Zhai , Chunrong Fang , Bowen Yu , Weisong Sun , Zhenyu Chen

Millions of open-source projects with numerous bug fixes are available in code repositories. This proliferation of software development histories can be leveraged to learn how to fix common programming bugs. To explore such a potential, we…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2019-05-22 Michele Tufano , Cody Watson , Gabriele Bavota , Massimiliano Di Penta , Martin White , Denys Poshyvanyk

Automated issue fixing is a critical task in software debugging and has recently garnered significant attention from academia and industry. However, existing fixing techniques predominantly focus on the repair phase, often overlooking the…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-24 Jianming Chang , Xin Zhou , Lulu Wang , David Lo , Bixin Li

Large language models (LLMs) have been widely used for problem-solving tasks. Most recent work improves their performance through supervised fine-tuning (SFT) with labeled data or reinforcement learning (RL) from task feedback. In this…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Hang Li , Kaiqi Yang , Yucheng Chu , Hui Liu , Jiliang Tang