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Despite their remarkable capabilities, large language models (LLMs) often produce responses containing factual inaccuracies due to their sole reliance on the parametric knowledge they encapsulate. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG), an ad…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Akari Asai , Zeqiu Wu , Yizhong Wang , Avirup Sil , Hannaneh Hajishirzi

As connected and automated transportation systems evolve, there is a growing need for federal and state authorities to revise existing laws and develop new statutes to address emerging cybersecurity and data privacy challenges. This study…

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) was introduced to enhance the capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) beyond their encoded prior knowledge. This is achieved by providing LLMs with an external source of knowledge, which helps…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Hazem Amamou , Stéphane Gagnon , Alan Davoust , Anderson R. Avila

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has revolutionized natural language processing. However, these models face challenges in retrieving precise information from vast datasets. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) was developed to…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-03-04 Yuxin Yang , Haoyang Wu , Tao Wang , Jia Yang , Hao Ma , Guojie Luo

Large language models have shown remarkable language processing and reasoning ability but are prone to hallucinate when asked about private data. Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) retrieves relevant data that fit into an LLM's context…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-11-13 Alfred Clemedtson , Borun Shi

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel at code generation but struggle with complex problems. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) mitigates this issue by integrating external knowledge, yet retrieval models often miss relevant context, and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-29 Shahd Seddik , Fahd Seddik , Iman Saberi , Fatemeh Fard , Minh Hieu Huynh , Patanamon Thongtanunam

Technology-enhanced learning environments often help students retrieve relevant learning content for questions arising during self-paced study. Large language models (LLMs) have emerged as novel aids for information retrieval during…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Eason Chen , Chuangji Li , Shizhuo Li , Zimo Xiao , Jionghao Lin , Kenneth R. Koedinger

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) merges retrieval methods with deep learning advancements to address the static limitations of large language models (LLMs) by enabling the dynamic integration of up-to-date external information. This…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Yizheng Huang , Jimmy Huang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) is widely used to inject external non-parametric knowledge into large language models (LLMs). Recent works suggest that Knowledge Graphs (KGs) contain valuable external knowledge for LLMs. Retrieving…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-10 Wenyu Huang , Guancheng Zhou , Hongru Wang , Pavlos Vougiouklis , Mirella Lapata , Jeff Z. Pan

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) improves the response quality of large language models (LLMs) by retrieving knowledge from external databases. Typical RAG approaches split the text database into chunks, organizing them in a flat…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Boyu Chen , Zirui Guo , Zidan Yang , Yuluo Chen , Junze Chen , Zhenghao Liu , Chuan Shi , Cheng Yang

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) effectively enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by incorporating retrieved external knowledge into the generation process. Reasoning models improve LLM performance in multi-hop QA tasks, which require…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Guo Chen , Junjie Huang , Huaijin Xie , Fei Sun , Tao Jia

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) is critical for reducing hallucinations and incorporating external knowledge into Large Language Models (LLMs). However, advanced RAG systems face a trade-off between performance and efficiency.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Shengbo Gong , Xianfeng Tang , Carl Yang , Wei jin

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive capabilities in language understanding and generation, yet they continue to underperform on knowledge-intensive reasoning tasks due to limited access to structured context and multi-hop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-26 Travis Thompson , Seung-Hwan Lim , Paul Liu , Ruoying He , Dongkuan Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved impressive performance across a wide range of applications. However, they often suffer from hallucinations in knowledge-intensive domains due to their reliance on static pretraining corpora. To…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-02-10 Lihui Liu , Jiayuan Ding , Subhabrata Mukherjee , Carl J. Yang

Large language models (LLMs) commonly struggle with specialized or emerging topics which are rarely seen in the training corpus. Graph-based retrieval-augmented generation (GraphRAG) addresses this by structuring domain knowledge as a graph…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Zhefan Wang , Huanjun Kong , Jie Ying , Wanli Ouyang , Nanqing Dong

Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) enhances Large Language Models (LLMs) by integrating them with an external knowledge base to improve the answer relevance and accuracy. In real-world scenarios, beyond pure text, a substantial amount of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Jiaru Zou , Dongqi Fu , Sirui Chen , Xinrui He , Zihao Li , Yada Zhu , Jiawei Han , Jingrui He

Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance in natural language generation but remain limited in knowle- dge-intensive tasks due to outdated or incomplete internal knowledge. Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Dong Li , Yichen Niu , Ying Ai , Xiang Zou , Biqing Qi , Jianxing Liu

GraphRAG integrates (knowledge) graphs with large language models (LLMs) to improve reasoning accuracy and contextual relevance. Despite its promising applications and strong relevance to multiple research communities, such as databases and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-08-20 Yukun Cao , Zengyi Gao , Zhiyang Li , Xike Xie , S. Kevin Zhou , Jianliang Xu

Research question answering requires accurate retrieval and contextual understanding of scientific literature. However, current Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) methods often struggle to balance complex document relationships with…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yuntong Hu , Zhihan Lei , Zhongjie Dai , Allen Zhang , Abhinav Angirekula , Zheng Zhang , Liang Zhao

Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enhances large language models (LLMs) by incorporating external knowledge. Current hybrid RAG system retrieves evidence from both knowledge graphs (KGs) and text documents to support LLM reasoning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Xingyu Tan , Xiaoyang Wang , Qing Liu , Xiwei Xu , Xin Yuan , Liming Zhu , Wenjie Zhang