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Inferring dependencies between complex biological traits while accounting for evolutionary relationships between specimens is of great scientific interest yet remains infeasible when trait and specimen counts grow large. The…

In the field of antibody engineering, an essential task is to design a novel antibody whose paratopes bind to a specific antigen with correct epitopes. Understanding antibody structure and its paratope can facilitate a mechanistic…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-08 Yining Wang , Xumeng Gong , Shaochuan Li , Bing Yang , YiWu Sun , Chuan Shi , Yangang Wang , Cheng Yang , Hui Li , Le Song

Agent-based models (ABMs) are widely used to study infectious disease dynamics, but their calibration is often computationally intensive, limiting their applicability in time-sensitive public health settings. We propose DeepIMC (Deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-03 Sima Najafzadehkhoei , George Vega Yon , Derek S. Meyer , Bernardo Modenesi

Recently, RobustBench (Croce et al. 2020) has become a widely recognized benchmark for the adversarial robustness of image classification networks. In its most commonly reported sub-task, RobustBench evaluates and ranks the adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-21 Peter Lorenz , Dominik Strassel , Margret Keuper , Janis Keuper

The increasing adoption of data-driven decision-making in public health has established epidemic forecasting as a critical area of research. Recent advances in multivariate forecasting models better capture complex temporal dependencies…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Madhurima Panja , Danny D'Agostino , Huitao Li , Tanujit Chakraborty , Nan Liu

Vision-language models are increasingly integrated into clinical workflows. However, existing benchmarks primarily assess performance on common anatomical presentations and fail to capture the challenges posed by rare variants. To address…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-05 Leon Mayer , Piotr Kalinowski , Caroline Ebersbach , Marcel Knopp , Tim Rädsch , Evangelia Christodoulou , Annika Reinke , Fiona R. Kolbinger , Lena Maier-Hein

The cornerstone of computational drug design is the calculation of binding affinity between two biological counterparts, especially a chemical compound, i.e., a ligand, and a protein. Predicting the strength of protein-ligand binding with…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2019-12-04 Yanjun Li , Mohammad A. Rezaei , Chenglong Li , Xiaolin Li , Dapeng Wu

Quality molecular representations are key to foundation model development in bio-medical research. Previous efforts have typically focused on a single representation or molecular view, which may have strengths or weaknesses on a given task.…

AI agents hold the potential to revolutionize scientific productivity by automating literature reviews, replicating experiments, analyzing data, and even proposing new directions of inquiry; indeed, there are now many such agents, ranging…

We present WBCBench 2026, an ISBI challenge and benchmark for automated WBC classification designed to stress-test algorithms under three key difficulties: (i) severe class imbalance across 13 morphologically fine-grained WBC classes, (ii)…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Xin Tian , Xudong Ma , Tianqi Yang , Alin Achim , Bartłomiej W Papież , Phandee Watanaboonyongcharoen , Nantheera Anantrasirichai

Foundation models have established unified representations for natural language processing, yet this paradigm remains largely unexplored for tabular data. Existing methods face fundamental limitations: LLM-based approaches lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Minjie Qiang , Mingming Zhang , Xiaoyi Bao , Xing Fu , Yu Cheng , Weiqiang Wang , Zhongqing Wang , Ningtao Wang

Generation of images containing multiple humans, performing complex actions, while preserving their facial identities, is a significant challenge. A major factor contributing to this is the lack of a dedicated benchmark. To address this, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-23 Shubhankar Borse , Seokeon Choi , Sunghyun Park , Jeongho Kim , Shreya Kadambi , Risheek Garrepalli , Sungrack Yun , Munawar Hayat , Fatih Porikli

The adaptive immune system is a natural diagnostic and therapeutic. It recognizes threats earlier than clinical symptoms manifest and neutralizes antigen with exquisite specificity. Recognition specificity and broad reactivity is enabled…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-07-26 Alex J. Brown , Igor Snapkov , Rahmad Akbar , Milena Pavlović , Enkelejda Miho , Geir K. Sandve , Victor Greiff

Accurate identification of antiviral peptides (AVPs) is critical for accelerating novel drug development. However, current computational methods struggle to capture intricate sequence dependencies and effectively handle ambiguous,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Xinru Wen , Weizhong Lin , Xuan Xiao

Multimodal Large Languages models have been progressing from uni-modal understanding toward unifying visual, audio and language modalities, collectively termed omni models. However, the correlation between uni-modal and omni-modal remains…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-31 Chen Chen , ZeYang Hu , Fengjiao Chen , Liya Ma , Jiaxing Liu , Xiaoyu Li , Ziwen Wang , Xuezhi Cao , Xunliang Cai

Embedding benchmarks like MTEB report a single score per model, implicitly treating robustness as a static, scalar property. We argue that embedding robustness is multidimensional, since models respond differently to different types of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Manuel Frank , Haithem Afli

Antibodies are Y-shaped proteins that protect the host by binding to specific antigens, and their binding is mainly determined by the Complementary Determining Regions (CDRs) in the antibody. Despite the great progress made in CDR design,…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-01-03 Lirong Wu , Haitao Lin , Yufei Huang , Zhangyang Gao , Cheng Tan , Yunfan Liu , Tailin Wu , Stan Z. Li

The transition from Cloud-Native to AI-Native architectures is fundamentally reshaping software engineering, replacing deterministic microservices with probabilistic agentic services. However, this shift renders traditional black-box…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-15 Zirui Wang , Guangba Yu , Michael R. Lyu

Uncontrollable autonomous replication of language model agents poses a critical safety risk. To better understand this risk, we introduce RepliBench, a suite of evaluations designed to measure autonomous replication capabilities. RepliBench…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are advancing rapidly, yet the benchmarks used to measure this progress are becoming increasingly unreliable. Score inflation and selective reporting have eroded the authority of standard benchmarks, leaving the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Longyuan Zhu , Hairan Hua , Linlin Miao , Bing Zhao