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Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is the key learning algorithm for many machine learning tasks. Because of its computational costs, there is a growing interest in accelerating SGD on HPC resources like GPU clusters. However, the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-01-20 Peng Jiang , Gagan Agrawal

Most modern learning problems are highly overparameterized, meaning that there are many more parameters than the number of training data points, and as a result, the training loss may have infinitely many global minima (parameter vectors…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-11 Navid Azizan , Sahin Lale , Babak Hassibi

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is the main algorithm behind a large body of work in machine learning. In many cases, constraints are enforced via projections, leading to projected stochastic gradient algorithms. In recent years, a large…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-10-06 Yuping Zheng , Andrew Lamperski

We establish matching upper and lower generalization error bounds for mini-batch Gradient Descent (GD) training with either deterministic or stochastic, data-independent, but otherwise arbitrary batch selection rules. We consider smooth…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Konstantinos E. Nikolakakis , Amin Karbasi , Dionysis Kalogerias

A variety of widely used optimization methods like SignSGD and Muon can be interpreted as instances of steepest descent under different norm-induced geometries. In this work, we study the implicit bias of mini-batch stochastic steepest…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Jichu Li , Xuan Tang , Difan Zou

Modern machine learning paradigms, such as deep learning, occur in or close to the interpolation regime, wherein the number of model parameters is much larger than the number of data samples. In this work, we propose a regularity condition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-06 Chaoyue Liu , Dmitriy Drusvyatskiy , Mikhail Belkin , Damek Davis , Yi-An Ma

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is the workhorse of large-scale learning, yet classical analyses rely on assumptions that can be either too strong (bounded variance) or too coarse (uniform noise). The expected smoothness (ES) condition…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Yuta Kawamoto , Hideaki Iiduka

In this paper, we study federated optimization for solving stochastic variational inequalities (VIs), a problem that has attracted growing attention in recent years. Despite substantial progress, a significant gap remains between existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-11 Guanghui Wang , Satyen Kale

We study the convergence of accelerated stochastic gradient descent for strongly convex objectives under the growth condition, which states that the variance of stochastic gradient is bounded by a multiplicative part that grows with the…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2023-11-01 You-Lin Chen , Sen Na , Mladen Kolar

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) has achieved great success due to its superior performance in both optimization and generalization. Most of existing generalization analyses are made for single-pass SGD, which is a less practical variant…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-08 Difan Zou , Jingfeng Wu , Vladimir Braverman , Quanquan Gu , Sham M. Kakade

When training neural networks, it has been widely observed that a large step size is essential in stochastic gradient descent (SGD) for obtaining superior models. However, the effect of large step sizes on the success of SGD is not well…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-17 Amirkeivan Mohtashami , Martin Jaggi , Sebastian Stich

Modern machine learning models are often over-parameterized and as a result they can interpolate the training data. Under such a scenario, we study the convergence properties of a sampling-without-replacement variant of stochastic gradient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Chen Fan , Christos Thrampoulidis , Mark Schmidt

Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) with gradient clipping is a powerful technique for enabling differentially private optimization. Although prior works extensively investigated clipping with a constant threshold, private training remains…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Egor Shulgin , Peter Richtárik

We prove new convergence rates for a generalized version of stochastic Nesterov acceleration under interpolation conditions. Unlike previous analyses, our approach accelerates any stochastic gradient method which makes sufficient progress…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2025-01-27 Aaron Mishkin , Mert Pilanci , Mark Schmidt

In this paper we aim to formally explain the phenomenon of fast convergence of SGD observed in modern machine learning. The key observation is that most modern learning architectures are over-parametrized and are trained to interpolate the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-06-18 Siyuan Ma , Raef Bassily , Mikhail Belkin

We give a sharp convergence rate for the asynchronous stochastic gradient descent (ASGD) algorithms when the loss function is a perturbed quadratic function based on the stochastic modified equations introduced in [An et al. Stochastic…

Numerical Analysis · Mathematics 2020-01-27 Yuhua Zhu , Lexing Ying

This work studies the generalization error of gradient methods. More specifically, we focus on how training steps $T$ and step-size $\eta$ might affect generalization in smooth stochastic convex optimization (SCO) problems. We first provide…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-11 Peiyuan Zhang , Jiaye Teng , Jingzhao Zhang

Local SGD is a promising approach to overcome the communication overhead in distributed learning by reducing the synchronization frequency among worker nodes. Despite the recent theoretical advances of local SGD in empirical risk…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-01 Yuyang Deng , Mehrdad Mahdavi

We study the convergence rate of the proximal incremental aggregated gradient (PIAG) method for minimizing the sum of a large number of smooth component functions (where the sum is strongly convex) and a non-smooth convex function. At each…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2016-11-28 Nuri Denizcan Vanli , Mert Gurbuzbalaban , Asu Ozdaglar

Stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is a foundational algorithm for large-scale statistical learning and stochastic optimization. However, statistical inference based on SGD iterates remains challenging when stochastic gradients have infinite…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2026-05-26 Jose Blanchet , Peter Glynn , Wenhao Yang