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Visual Language Models (VLMs) are now increasingly being merged with Large Language Models (LLMs) to enable new capabilities, particularly in terms of improved interactivity and open-ended responsiveness. While these are remarkable…

Large language models(LLMs) have garnered significant attention and demonstrated impressive capabilities in a wide range of applications. However, due to their enormous computational costs, the deployment and application of LLMs are often…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jialong Guo , Xinghao Chen , Yehui Tang , Yunhe Wang

Entity Linking (EL) has traditionally relied on large annotated datasets and extensive model fine-tuning. While recent few-shot methods leverage large language models (LLMs) through prompting to reduce training requirements, they often…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-20 Yajie Li , Albert Galimov , Mitra Datta Ganapaneni , Pujitha Thejaswi , De Meng , Priyanshu Kumar , Saloni Potdar

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance in long-horizon decision-making tasks through multi-step interaction and reasoning at test time. While practitioners commonly believe a higher task success rate necessitates the use of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Yuanzhe Li , Jianing Deng , Jingtong Hu , Tianlong Chen , Song Wang , Huanrui Yang

Large Language Model (LLM) serving systems must balance task performance against monetary cost. Two prominent optimization techniques have emerged independently: LLM routing, which directs each query to the most cost-effective model in a…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Haotian Xu , Kangfei Zhao , Jiadong Xie

Large language model (LLM)-enhanced recommendation models inject LLM representations into backbone recommenders to exploit rich item text without inference-time LLM cost. However, we find that existing LLM-enhanced methods significantly…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-23 Zhangchi Zhu , Wei Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a class of deep learning models adept at understanding natural language and generating coherent responses to various prompts or queries. These models far exceed the complexity of conventional neural…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Minghao Shao , Abdul Basit , Ramesh Karri , Muhammad Shafique

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated superior listwise ranking performance. However, their superior performance often relies on large-scale parameters (\eg, GPT-4) and a repetitive sliding window process, which introduces…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-03 Wenhan Liu , Xinyu Ma , Yutao Zhu , Lixin Su , Shuaiqiang Wang , Dawei Yin , Zhicheng Dou

Large Language Models (LLMs) herald a transformative era in artificial intelligence (AI). However, the expansive scale of data and parameters of LLMs requires high-demand computational and memory resources, restricting their accessibility…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Shengwen Ding , Chenhui Hu

Large language models (LLMs) are primarily designed to understand unstructured text. When directly applied to structured formats such as tabular data, they may struggle to discern inherent relationships and overlook critical patterns. While…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-11 Natraj Raman , Sumitra Ganesh , Manuela Veloso

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit remarkable capabilities across diverse tasks, yet aligning them efficiently and effectively with human expectations remains a critical challenge. This thesis advances LLM alignment by introducing novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yuxin Jiang

In the evolving landscape of transportation systems, integrating Large Language Models (LLMs) offers a promising frontier for advancing intelligent decision-making across various applications. This paper introduces a novel 3-dimensional…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-17 Dexter Le , Aybars Yunusoglu , Karn Tiwari , Murat Isik , I. Can Dikmen

Travel choice analysis is crucial for understanding individual travel behavior to develop appropriate transport policies and recommendation systems in Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Despite extensive research, this domain faces…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Xuehao Zhai , Hanlin Tian , Lintong Li , Tianyu Zhao

Accurate survival prediction in radiotherapy (RT) is critical for optimizing treatment decisions. This study developed and validated the RT-Surv framework, which integrates general-domain, open-source large language models (LLMs) to…

Reasoning-capable large language models (LLMs) have recently been adopted as automated judges, but their benefits and costs in LLM-as-a-Judge settings remain unclear. Through controlled comparisons between reasoning and non-reasoning…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Wenbo Zhang , Lijinghua Zhang , Liner Xiang , Hengrui Cai

LLM routing is increasingly important for selecting suitable models under diverse user needs and deployment constraints, but its practical effectiveness depends on continual adaptation to emerging queries and newly released models. New-LLM…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Jingjun Xu , Hongji Pu , Tao Feng , Haozhen Zhang , Jiaxuan You , Ge Liu

Radiology reports are critical for clinical decision-making but often lack a standardized format, limiting both human interpretability and machine learning (ML) applications. While large language models (LLMs) have shown strong capabilities…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-15 Johannes Moll , Louisa Fay , Asfandyar Azhar , Sophie Ostmeier , Tim Lueth , Sergios Gatidis , Curtis Langlotz , Jean-Benoit Delbrouck

Recently, sequential recommendation has been adapted to the LLM paradigm to enjoy the power of LLMs. LLM-based methods usually formulate recommendation information into natural language and the model is trained to predict the next item in…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2024-02-16 Hanbing Wang , Xiaorui Liu , Wenqi Fan , Xiangyu Zhao , Venkataramana Kini , Devendra Yadav , Fei Wang , Zhen Wen , Jiliang Tang , Hui Liu

Planning is a crucial element of both human intelligence and contemporary large language models (LLMs). In this paper, we initiate a theoretical investigation into the emergence of planning capabilities in Transformer-based LLMs via their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Siwei Wang , Yifei Shen , Shi Feng , Haoran Sun , Shang-Hua Teng , Wei Chen

LLMs often achieve similar average benchmark accuracies while exhibiting complementary strengths on different subsets of queries, suggesting that a router with query-specific model selection can outperform any single model. While existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-02 Tanay Varshney , Annie Surla , Michelle Xu , Gomathy Venkata Krishnan , Maximilian Jeblick , David Austin , Neal Vaidya , Davide Onofrio