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Recently, there have been breakthroughs in computer vision ("CV") models that are more generalizable with the advent of models such as CLIP and ALIGN. In this paper, we analyze CLIP and highlight some of the challenges such models pose.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Sandhini Agarwal , Gretchen Krueger , Jack Clark , Alec Radford , Jong Wook Kim , Miles Brundage

Pre-trained vision-language models (e.g., CLIP) have shown powerful zero-shot transfer capabilities. But they still struggle with domain shifts and typically require labeled data to adapt to downstream tasks, which could be costly. In this…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Jiachen Liang , Ruibing Hou , Minyang Hu , Hong Chang , Shiguang Shan , Xilin Chen

Vision-language models, such as CLIP, have achieved significant success in aligning visual and textual representations, becoming essential components of many multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) like LLaVA and OpenFlamingo. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Shizhan Gong , Yankai Jiang , Qi Dou , Farzan Farnia

In this paper we propose a novel modification of Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training (CLIP) guidance for the task of unsupervised backlit image enhancement. Our work builds on the state-of-the-art CLIP-LIT approach, which learns a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Tatiana Gaintseva , Martin Benning , Gregory Slabaugh

Though Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) have surpassed human-level performance on tasks such as object classification and face verification, they can easily be fooled by adversarial attacks. These attacks add a small perturbation to the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-03-26 Rajeev Ranjan , Swami Sankaranarayanan , Carlos D. Castillo , Rama Chellappa

Pre-trained multilingual language encoders, such as multilingual BERT and XLM-R, show great potential for zero-shot cross-lingual transfer. However, these multilingual encoders do not precisely align words and phrases across languages.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-09-13 Kuan-Hao Huang , Wasi Uddin Ahmad , Nanyun Peng , Kai-Wei Chang

CLIP models perform remarkably well on zero-shot classification and retrieval tasks. But recent studies have shown that learnt representations in CLIP are not well suited for dense prediction tasks like object detection, semantic…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-16 Pavan Kumar Anasosalu Vasu , Hadi Pouransari , Fartash Faghri , Oncel Tuzel

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, have exhibited remarkable performance across various downstream tasks by aligning text and images in a unified embedding space. However, due to the imbalanced distribution of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Yunfan Yang , Chaoquan Jiang , Zhiyu Lin , Jinlin Xiao , Jiaming Zhang , Jitao Sang

The existence of real-world adversarial examples (commonly in the form of patches) poses a serious threat for the use of deep learning models in safety-critical computer vision tasks such as visual perception in autonomous driving. This…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-10 Giulio Rossolini , Federico Nesti , Gianluca D'Amico , Saasha Nair , Alessandro Biondi , Giorgio Buttazzo

Synthesizing high-quality photorealistic images with textual descriptions as a condition is very challenging. Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), the classical model for this task, frequently suffer from low consistency between image…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Chengde Lin , Xijun Lu , Guangxi Chen

Diffusion-based text-to-image generative models, e.g., Stable Diffusion, have revolutionized the field of content generation, enabling significant advancements in areas like image editing and video synthesis. Despite their formidable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-29 Yanyu Li , Xian Liu , Anil Kag , Ju Hu , Yerlan Idelbayev , Dhritiman Sagar , Yanzhi Wang , Sergey Tulyakov , Jian Ren

Text-to-image diffusion-based generative models have the stunning ability to generate photo-realistic images and achieve state-of-the-art low FID scores on challenging image generation benchmarks. However, one of the primary failure modes…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-26 Arman Zarei , Keivan Rezaei , Samyadeep Basu , Mehrdad Saberi , Mazda Moayeri , Priyatham Kattakinda , Soheil Feizi

The original CLIP text encoder is limited by a maximum input length of 77 tokens, which hampers its ability to effectively process long texts and perform fine-grained semantic understanding. In addition, the CLIP text encoder lacks support…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Xiaoxing Hu , Kaicheng Yang , Ziyang Gong , Qi Ming , Zonghao Guo , Yu Tian , Xiang An , Ziyong Feng , Xue Yang

Text-to-image diffusion models are typically trained to optimize the log-likelihood objective, which presents challenges in meeting specific requirements for downstream tasks, such as image aesthetics and image-text alignment. Recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-18 Chaofeng Chen , Annan Wang , Haoning Wu , Liang Liao , Wenxiu Sun , Qiong Yan , Weisi Lin

Instead of performing text-conditioned denoising in the image domain, latent diffusion models (LDMs) operate in latent space of a variational autoencoder (VAE), enabling more efficient processing at reduced computational costs. However,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Jason Becker , Chris Wendler , Peter Baylies , Robert West , Christian Wressnegger

Growing amount and quality of AI-generated texts makes detecting such content more difficult. In most real-world scenarios, the domain (style and topic) of generated data and the generator model are not known in advance. In this work, we…

Deep neural networks (DNNs) have achieved remarkable success in various tasks (e.g., image classification, speech recognition, and natural language processing (NLP)). However, researchers have demonstrated that DNN-based models are…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-04-22 Wenqi Wang , Run Wang , Lina Wang , Zhibo Wang , Aoshuang Ye

Continual learning with vision-language models like CLIP offers a pathway toward scalable machine learning systems by leveraging its transferable representations. Existing CLIP-based methods adapt the pre-trained image encoder by adding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Mao-Lin Luo , Zi-Hao Zhou , Tong Wei , Min-Ling Zhang

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) has emerged as a novel paradigm to learn visual models from language supervision. While researchers continue to push the frontier of CLIP, reproducing these works remains challenging. This is…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-14 Yufeng Cui , Lichen Zhao , Feng Liang , Yangguang Li , Jing Shao

We attribute the vulnerability of natural language processing models to the fact that similar inputs are converted to dissimilar representations in the embedding space, leading to inconsistent outputs, and we propose a novel robust training…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-07-28 Yichen Yang , Xiaosen Wang , Kun He