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Pre-trained multi-modal models, such as CLIP, provide transferable embeddings and show promising results in diverse applications. However, the analysis of learned multi-modal embeddings is relatively unexplored, and the embedding…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-08 Changdae Oh , Junhyuk So , Hoyoon Byun , YongTaek Lim , Minchul Shin , Jong-June Jeon , Kyungwoo Song

This report synthesizes eight seminal papers on the zero-shot adversarial robustness of vision-language models (VLMs) like CLIP. A central challenge in this domain is the inherent trade-off between enhancing adversarial robustness and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-08 Zane Xu , Jason Sun

Unified multi-modal encoders that bind vision, audio, and other sensors into a shared embedding space are attractive building blocks for robot perception and decision-making. However, on-robot deployment exposes the vision branch to…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Yuhong Lu

Understanding the memorization and privacy leakage risks in Contrastive Language--Image Pretraining (CLIP) is critical for ensuring the security of multimodal models. Recent studies have demonstrated the feasibility of extracting sensitive…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Yunhao Chen , Shujie Wang , Xin Wang , Ran He , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Self-supervised visual foundation models produce powerful embeddings that achieve remarkable performance on a wide range of downstream tasks. However, unlike vision-language models such as CLIP, self-supervised visual features are not…

Vision-language models like CLIP have demonstrated remarkable zero-shot transfer capabilities. However, their susceptibility to imperceptible adversarial perturbations remains a critical security concern. While test-time defenses offer a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Zhiwei Li , Jiacheng Xue , Weining Wang , Ajian Liu , Xingyu Gao , Zhenan Sun , Qi Li

Contrastive Language-Image Pretraining (CLIP) efficiently learns visual concepts by pre-training with natural language supervision. CLIP and its visual encoder have been explored on various vision and language tasks and achieve strong…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-13 An Yan , Jiacheng Li , Wanrong Zhu , Yujie Lu , William Yang Wang , Julian McAuley

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has significantly boosted the performance of various vision-language tasks by scaling up the dataset with image-text pairs collected from the web. However, the presence of intrinsic noise and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-21 Kaicheng Yang , Jiankang Deng , Xiang An , Jiawei Li , Ziyong Feng , Jia Guo , Jing Yang , Tongliang Liu

The learning objective of vision-language approach of CLIP does not effectively account for the noisy many-to-many correspondences found in web-harvested image captioning datasets, which contributes to its compute and data inefficiency. To…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-12 Alex Andonian , Shixing Chen , Raffay Hamid

In recent years, many forensic detectors have been proposed to detect AI-generated images and prevent their use for malicious purposes. Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have long been the dominant architecture in this field and have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-10-24 Vincenzo De Rosa , Fabrizio Guillaro , Giovanni Poggi , Davide Cozzolino , Luisa Verdoliva

We propose Wav2CLIP, a robust audio representation learning method by distilling from Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP). We systematically evaluate Wav2CLIP on a variety of audio tasks including classification, retrieval, and…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-02-16 Ho-Hsiang Wu , Prem Seetharaman , Kundan Kumar , Juan Pablo Bello

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has been the cornerstone for zero-shot classification, text-image retrieval, and text-image generation by aligning image and text modalities. Despite its widespread adoption, a significant…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Beichen Zhang , Pan Zhang , Xiaoyi Dong , Yuhang Zang , Jiaqi Wang

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) are known to be susceptible to adversarial attacks. Previous researches mainly focus on improving adversarial robustness in the fully supervised setting, leaving the challenging domain of zero-shot adversarial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Xiao Li , Wei Zhang , Yining Liu , Zhanhao Hu , Bo Zhang , Xiaolin Hu

Contrastive language-image pre-training (CLIP) models have demonstrated considerable success across various vision-language tasks, such as text-to-image retrieval, where the model is required to effectively process natural language input to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Hyunjae Kim , Seunghyun Yoon , Trung Bui , Handong Zhao , Quan Tran , Franck Dernoncourt , Jaewoo Kang

Contrastive Language-Image Pre-training (CLIP) has been a celebrated method for training vision encoders to generate image/text representations facilitating various applications. Recently, CLIP has been widely adopted as the vision backbone…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-20 Hong-You Chen , Zhengfeng Lai , Haotian Zhang , Xinze Wang , Marcin Eichner , Keen You , Meng Cao , Bowen Zhang , Yinfei Yang , Zhe Gan

Diffusion models (DMs) have revolutionized image generation, producing high-quality images with applications spanning various fields. However, their ability to create hyper-realistic images poses significant challenges in distinguishing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-10 Santosh , Li Lin , Irene Amerini , Xin Wang , Shu Hu

Ensuring robustness in image watermarking is crucial for and maintaining content integrity under diverse transformations. Recent self-supervised learning (SSL) approaches, such as DINO, have been leveraged for watermarking but primarily…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Muhammad Ahtesham , Xin Zhong

Understanding the vulnerability of large-scale pre-trained vision-language models like CLIP against adversarial attacks is key to ensuring zero-shot generalization capacity on various downstream tasks. State-of-the-art defense mechanisms…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-21 Fan Yang , Mingxuan Xia , Sangzhou Xia , Chicheng Ma , Hui Hui

In this paper, we introduce a novel neural network training framework that increases model's adversarial robustness to adversarial attacks while maintaining high clean accuracy by combining contrastive learning (CL) with adversarial…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-13 Adir Rahamim , Itay Naeh

Large vision-language representation learning models like CLIP have demonstrated impressive performance for zero-shot transfer to downstream tasks while largely benefiting from inter-modal (image-text) alignment via contrastive objectives.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-16 Muhammad Waleed Gondal , Jochen Gast , Inigo Alonso Ruiz , Richard Droste , Tommaso Macri , Suren Kumar , Luitpold Staudigl