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Prompt tuning (PT) which only tunes the embeddings of an additional sequence of tokens per task, keeping the pre-trained language model (PLM) frozen, has shown remarkable performance in few-shot learning. Despite this, PT has been shown to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-21 Chengwei Qin , Qian Li , Ruochen Zhao , Shafiq Joty

Large language models (LLMs) have become increasingly capable of following instructions and complex reasoning, making prompting a flexible interface for adapting models without parameter updates. Yet prompt design remains labor-intensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Farima Fatahi Bayat , Moin Aminnaseri , Pouya Pezeshkpour , Estevam Hruschka

Large-scale pre-trained Vision-Language models (VLMs), such as CLIP, exhibit strong zero-shot generalization, yet remain highly vulnerable to imperceptible adversarial perturbations, raising serious safety concerns for open-world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Xin Wang , Yixu Wang , Jiaming Zhang , Ruofan Wang , Jiaqi Yu , Kai Chen , Jingjing Chen , Xingjun Ma , Yu-Gang Jiang

Current solutions for efficiently constructing large vision-language (VL) models follow a two-step paradigm: projecting the output of pre-trained vision encoders to the input space of pre-trained language models as visual prompts; and then…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Shibo Jie , Yehui Tang , Ning Ding , Zhi-Hong Deng , Kai Han , Yunhe Wang

Visual Prompt Tuning (VPT) has proven effective for parameter-efficient adaptation of pre-trained vision models to downstream tasks by inserting task-specific learnable prompt tokens. Despite its empirical success, a comprehensive…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Minh Le , Anh Nguyen , Huy Nguyen , Chau Nguyen , Anh Tran , Nhat Ho

In this paper, we propose a progressive learning paradigm for transformer-based variable-rate image compression. Our approach covers a wide range of compression rates with the assistance of the Layer-adaptive Prompt Module (LPM). Inspired…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-29 Shiyu Qin , Yimin Zhou , Jinpeng Wang , Bin Chen , Baoyi An , Tao Dai , Shu-Tao Xia

Physics-Informed Neural Networks (PINNs) have gained popularity in solving nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) via integrating physical laws into the training of neural networks, making them superior in many scientific and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-15 Milad Ramezankhani , Abbas S. Milani

With the success of pre-trained visual-language (VL) models such as CLIP in visual representation tasks, transferring pre-trained models to downstream tasks has become a crucial paradigm. Recently, the prompt tuning paradigm, which draws…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-14 Jingsheng Gao , Jiacheng Ruan , Suncheng Xiang , Zefang Yu , Ke Ji , Mingye Xie , Ting Liu , Yuzhuo Fu

Prompt Tuning, conditioning on task-specific learned prompt vectors, has emerged as a data-efficient and parameter-efficient method for adapting large pretrained vision-language models to multiple downstream tasks. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-12-06 Sheng Shen , Shijia Yang , Tianjun Zhang , Bohan Zhai , Joseph E. Gonzalez , Kurt Keutzer , Trevor Darrell

In this paper we propose a novel modification of Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training (CLIP) guidance for the task of unsupervised backlit image enhancement. Our work builds on the state-of-the-art CLIP-LIT approach, which learns a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-23 Tatiana Gaintseva , Martin Benning , Gregory Slabaugh

Prompt learning is a new learning paradigm which reformulates downstream tasks as similar pretraining tasks on pretrained models by leveraging textual prompts. Recent works have demonstrated that prompt learning is particularly useful for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-10-21 Yue Zhang , Hongliang Fei , Dingcheng Li , Tan Yu , Ping Li

We propose a novel unsupervised backlit image enhancement method, abbreviated as CLIP-LIT, by exploring the potential of Contrastive Language-Image Pre-Training (CLIP) for pixel-level image enhancement. We show that the open-world CLIP…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-02 Zhexin Liang , Chongyi Li , Shangchen Zhou , Ruicheng Feng , Chen Change Loy

Transformer-based language models (LMs) track contextual information through large, hard-coded input windows. We introduce MemoryPrompt, a leaner approach in which the LM is complemented by a small auxiliary recurrent network that passes…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-26 Nathanaël Carraz Rakotonirina , Marco Baroni

Vision-language models (VLMs) such as CLIP demonstrate strong performance but struggle when adapted to downstream tasks. Prompt learning has emerged as an efficient and effective strategy to adapt VLMs while preserving their pre-trained…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Xiwen Chen , Wenhui Zhu , Peijie Qiu , Hao Wang , Huayu Li , Haiyu Wu , Aristeidis Sotiras , Yalin Wang , Abolfazl Razi

While multi-modal Visual Language Models (VLMs) have demonstrated significant success across various domains, the integration of VLMs into recommendation and retrieval systems remains a challenge, due to issues like training objective…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Josh Beal , Eric Kim , Jinfeng Rao , Rex Wu , Dmitry Kislyuk , Charles Rosenberg

Visual in-context learning (VICL), as a new paradigm in computer vision, allows the model to rapidly adapt to various tasks with only a handful of prompts and examples. While effective, the existing VICL paradigm exhibits poor…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-28 Jiahao Xie , Alessio Tonioni , Nathalie Rauschmayr , Federico Tombari , Bernt Schiele

Recent pre-trained vision-language models (PT-VLMs) often face a Multi-Domain Task Incremental Learning (MTIL) scenario in practice, where several classes and domains of multi-modal tasks are incrementally arrived. Without access to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Hao Fu , Hanbin Zhao , Jiahua Dong , Henghui Ding , Chao Zhang , Hui Qian

With the rapid advancement of multimodal learning, pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) such as CLIP have demonstrated remarkable capacities in bridging the gap between visual and language modalities. However, these models remain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Jiaming Zhang , Xingjun Ma , Xin Wang , Lingyu Qiu , Jiaqi Wang , Yu-Gang Jiang , Jitao Sang

Answering multi-hop reasoning questions requires retrieving and synthesizing information from diverse sources. Language models (LMs) struggle to perform such reasoning consistently. We propose an approach to pinpoint and rectify multi-hop…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-11 Mansi Sakarvadia

Contrastive pre-training on image-text pairs, exemplified by CLIP, becomes a standard technique for learning multi-modal visual-language representations. Although CLIP has demonstrated remarkable performance, training it from scratch on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-17 Jihao Liu , Jinliang Zheng , Boxiao Liu , Yu Liu , Hongsheng Li