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Automating algorithm configuration is growing increasingly necessary as algorithms come with more and more tunable parameters. It is common to tune parameters using machine learning, optimizing performance metrics such as runtime and…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Maria-Florina Balcan , Tuomas Sandholm , Ellen Vitercik

That shared features between train and test data are required for generalisation in artificial neural networks has been a common assumption of both proponents and critics of these models. Here, we show that convolutional architectures avoid…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2021-07-15 Jeff Mitchell , Jeffrey S. Bowers

The generalization gap of a classifier is related to the complexity of the set of functions among which the classifier is chosen. We study a family of low-complexity classifiers consisting of thresholding a random one-dimensional feature.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Mireille Boutin , Evzenie Coupkova

We present a fully constructive analysis of deep ReLU neural networks for classification and function approximation tasks. First, we prove that any dataset with $N$ distinct points in $\mathbb{R}^d$ and $M$ output classes can be exactly…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-25 Martín Hernández , Enrique Zuazua

Limit-average automata are weighted automata on infinite words that use average to aggregate the weights seen in infinite runs. We study approximate learning problems for limit-average automata in two settings: passive and active. In the…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2019-06-27 Jakub Michaliszyn , Jan Otop

Regularization, whether explicit in terms of a penalty in the loss or implicit in the choice of algorithm, is a cornerstone of modern machine learning. Indeed, controlling the complexity of the model class is particularly important when…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-10-22 Matteo Vilucchio , Nikolaos Tsilivis , Bruno Loureiro , Julia Kempe

Artificial neural networks thrive in solving the classification problem for a particular rigid task, acquiring knowledge through generalized learning behaviour from a distinct training phase. The resulting network resembles a static entity…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-04-19 Matthias De Lange , Rahaf Aljundi , Marc Masana , Sarah Parisot , Xu Jia , Ales Leonardis , Gregory Slabaugh , Tinne Tuytelaars

Length generalization is the ability of language models to maintain performance on inputs longer than those seen during pretraining. In this work, we introduce a simple yet powerful position encoding (PE) strategy, Random Float Sampling…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Atsushi Shimizu , Shohei Taniguchi , Yutaka Matsuo

The superficial alignment hypothesis (SAH) posits that large language models learn most of their knowledge during pre-training, and that post-training merely surfaces this knowledge. The SAH, however, lacks a precise definition, which has…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Tomás Vergara-Browne , Darshan Patil , Ivan Titov , Siva Reddy , Tiago Pimentel , Marius Mosbach

The state complexity, respectively, nondeterministic state complexity of a regular language $L$ is the number of states of the minimal deterministic, respectively, of a minimal nondeterministic finite automaton for $L$. Some of the most…

Formal Languages and Automata Theory · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Arto Salomaa , Kai Salomaa , Taylor J. Smith

Modern machine learning tasks often require considering not just one but multiple objectives. For example, besides the prediction quality, this could be the efficiency, robustness or fairness of the learned models, or any of their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Peter Súkeník , Christoph H. Lampert

Compositional generalization is a basic mechanism in human language learning, but current neural networks lack such ability. In this paper, we conduct fundamental research for encoding compositionality in neural networks. Conventional…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-10-08 Yuanpeng Li , Liang Zhao , Jianyu Wang , Joel Hestness

This paper focuses on understanding how the generalization error scales with the amount of the training data for deep neural networks (DNNs). Existing techniques in statistical learning require computation of capacity measures, such as VC…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-06 Devansh Bisla , Apoorva Nandini Saridena , Anna Choromanska

Popular machine learning estimators involve regularization parameters that can be challenging to tune, and standard strategies rely on grid search for this task. In this paper, we revisit the techniques of approximating the regularization…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2019-05-28 Eugene Ndiaye , Tam Le , Olivier Fercoq , Joseph Salmon , Ichiro Takeuchi

In this paper, we study the dynamics of temporal difference learning with neural network-based value function approximation over a general state space, namely, \emph{Neural TD learning}. We consider two practically used algorithms,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-09 Semih Cayci , Siddhartha Satpathi , Niao He , R. Srikant

In AI, generalization refers to a model's ability to perform well on out-of-distribution data related to the given task, beyond the data it was trained on. For an AI agent to excel, it must also possess the continual learning capability,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-03-25 Zenglin Shi , Jing Jie , Ying Sun , Joo Hwee Lim , Mengmi Zhang

This dissertation studies a fundamental open challenge in deep learning theory: why do deep networks generalize well even while being overparameterized, unregularized and fitting the training data to zero error? In the first part of the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-19 Vaishnavh Nagarajan

Learned Optimizers (LOs), a type of Meta-learning, have gained traction due to their ability to be parameterized and trained for efficient optimization. Traditional gradient-based methods incorporate explicit regularization techniques such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Suraj Kumar Sahoo , Narayanan C Krishnan

The neural network memorization problem is to study the expressive power of neural networks to interpolate a finite dataset. Although memorization is widely believed to have a close relationship with the strong generalizability of deep…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-11-04 Lijia Yu , Xiao-Shan Gao , Lijun Zhang , Yibo Miao

In dynamical systems such as cellular automata and iterated maps, it is often useful to look at a language or set of symbol sequences produced by the system. There are well-established classification schemes, such as the Chomsky hierarchy,…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 Kristian Lindgren , Cristopher Moore , Mats G. Nordahl