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Grammatical error correction (GEC) is an important NLP task that is currently usually solved with autoregressive sequence-to-sequence models. However, approaches of this class are inherently slow due to one-by-one token generation, so…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-15 Konstantin Yakovlev , Alexander Podolskiy , Andrey Bout , Sergey Nikolenko , Irina Piontkovskaya

This paper presents a simple recipe to train state-of-the-art multilingual Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) models. We achieve this by first proposing a language-agnostic method to generate a large number of synthetic examples. The second…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-10 Sascha Rothe , Jonathan Mallinson , Eric Malmi , Sebastian Krause , Aliaksei Severyn

We propose USim, a semantic measure for Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) that measures the semantic faithfulness of the output to the source, thereby complementing existing reference-less measures (RLMs) for measuring the output's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-05-10 Leshem Choshen , Omri Abend

Grammatical error correction (GEC) is one of the areas in natural language processing in which purely neural models have not yet superseded more traditional symbolic models. Hybrid systems combining phrase-based statistical machine…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-08 Felix Stahlberg , Christopher Bryant , Bill Byrne

Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) aims to correct writing errors and help language learners improve their writing skills. However, existing GEC models tend to produce spurious corrections or fail to detect lots of errors. The quality…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-11 Zhenghao Liu , Xiaoyuan Yi , Maosong Sun , Liner Yang , Tat-Seng Chua

We combine two of the most popular approaches to automated Grammatical Error Correction (GEC): GEC based on Statistical Machine Translation (SMT) and GEC based on Neural Machine Translation (NMT). The hybrid system achieves new…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-04-18 Roman Grundkiewicz , Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt

Grammatical error correction (GEC) is a challenging task of natural language processing techniques. While more attempts are being made in this approach for universal languages like English or Chinese, relatively little work has been done…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-03-31 Nankai Lin , Hongbin Zhang , Menglan Shen , Yu Wang , Shengyi Jiang , Aimin Yang

Evaluating the performance of Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) models has become increasingly challenging, as large language model (LLM)-based GEC systems often produce corrections that diverge from provided gold references. This…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Jinxiang Xie , Yilin Li , Xunjian Yin , Xiaojun Wan

Grammatical error correction (GEC) systems strive to correct both global errors in word order and usage, and local errors in spelling and inflection. Further developing upon recent work on neural machine translation, we propose a new hybrid…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-11 Jianshu Ji , Qinlong Wang , Kristina Toutanova , Yongen Gong , Steven Truong , Jianfeng Gao

The utilization of technology in second language learning and teaching has become ubiquitous. For the assessment of writing specifically, automated writing evaluation (AWE) and grammatical error correction (GEC) have become immensely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-07 Izia Xiaoxiao Wang , Xihan Wu , Edith Coates , Min Zeng , Jiexin Kuang , Siliang Liu , Mengyang Qiu , Jungyeul Park

We present a grammar error correction (GEC) system that achieves state of the art for the Czech language. Our system is based on a neural network translation approach with the Transformer architecture, and its key feature is its real-time…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-28 Petr Pechman , Milan Straka , Jana Straková , Jakub Náplava

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been reported to outperform existing automatic evaluation metrics in some tasks, such as text summarization and machine translation. However, there has been a lack of research on LLMs as evaluators in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Masamune Kobayashi , Masato Mita , Mamoru Komachi

Various evaluation metrics have been proposed for Grammatical Error Correction (GEC), but many, particularly reference-free metrics, lack explainability. This lack of explainability hinders researchers from analyzing the strengths and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Takumi Goto , Justin Vasselli , Taro Watanabe

Generative Error Correction (GEC) has emerged as a powerful post-processing method to enhance the performance of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems. However, we show that GEC models struggle to generalize beyond the specific types…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-10-18 Sreyan Ghosh , Mohammad Sadegh Rasooli , Michael Levit , Peidong Wang , Jian Xue , Dinesh Manocha , Jinyu Li

To solve the Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) problem , a mapping between a source sequence and a target one is needed, where the two differ only on few spans. For this reason, the attention has been shifted to the non-autoregressive or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Kamal Al-Sabahi , Kang Yang , Wangwang Liu , Guanyu Jiang , Xian Li , Ming Yang

Error type information has been widely used to improve the performance of grammatical error correction (GEC) models, whether for generating corrections, re-ranking them, or combining GEC models. Combining GEC models that have complementary…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-01 Muhammad Reza Qorib , Alham Fikri Aji , Hwee Tou Ng

While there exist strong benchmark datasets for grammatical error correction (GEC), high-quality annotated spoken datasets for Spoken GEC (SGEC) are still under-resourced. In this paper, we propose a fully automated method to generate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-28 Penny Karanasou , Mengjie Qian , Stefano Bannò , Mark J. F. Gales , Kate M. Knill

We extend a current sequence-tagging approach to Grammatical Error Correction (GEC) by introducing specialised tags for spelling correction and morphological inflection using the SymSpell and LemmInflect algorithms. Our approach improves…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Stuart Mesham , Christopher Bryant , Marek Rei , Zheng Yuan

We propose a neural encoder-decoder model with reinforcement learning (NRL) for grammatical error correction (GEC). Unlike conventional maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), the model directly optimizes towards an objective that considers a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2017-07-04 Keisuke Sakaguchi , Matt Post , Benjamin Van Durme

As a fundamental task in natural language processing, Chinese Grammatical Error Correction (CGEC) has gradually received widespread attention and become a research hotspot. However, one obvious deficiency for the existing CGEC evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-03 Nankai Lin , Nankai Lin , Xiaotian Lin , Ziyu Yang , Shengyi Jiang