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While Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated exceptional multitasking abilities, fine-tuning these models on downstream, domain-specific datasets is often necessary to yield superior performance on test sets compared to their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-15 Haoran Yang , Yumeng Zhang , Jiaqi Xu , Hongyuan Lu , Pheng Ann Heng , Wai Lam

This study examines whether Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) fine-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) can approximate the performance of fully fine-tuned models in generating human-interpretable decisions and explanations for malware…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-11-26 Stephen C. Gravereaux , Sheikh Rabiul Islam

Qualitative analysis of textual contents unpacks rich and valuable information by assigning labels to the data. However, this process is often labor-intensive, particularly when working with large datasets. While recent AI-based tools…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-04-24 Ziang Xiao , Xingdi Yuan , Q. Vera Liao , Rania Abdelghani , Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

Data science plays a critical role in biomedical research, but it requires professionals with expertise in coding and medical data analysis. Large language models (LLMs) have shown great potential in supporting medical tasks and performing…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-04-10 Zifeng Wang , Benjamin Danek , Ziwei Yang , Zheng Chen , Jimeng Sun

Automated code smell detection faces persistent challenges due to the subjectivity of heuristic rules and the limited performance of traditional ML/DL models. While Large Language Models (LLMs) offer a promising alternative, their adoption…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Beiqi Zhang , Peng Liang , Xin Zhou , Xiyu Zhou , David Lo , Qiong Feng , Zengyang Li , Lin Li

Large language models (LLMs) are being increasingly adopted in the software engineering domain, yet the robustness of their grasp on core software design concepts remains unclear. We conduct an empirical study to systematically evaluate…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Mootez Saad , Boqi Chen , José Antonio Hernández López , Dániel Varró , Tushar Sharma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have transformed code completion tasks, providing context-based suggestions to boost developer productivity in software engineering. As users often fine-tune these models for specific applications, poisoning and…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-12 Shenao Yan , Shen Wang , Yue Duan , Hanbin Hong , Kiho Lee , Doowon Kim , Yuan Hong

Large language models (LLMs) have shown promise for automated source-code translation, a capability critical to software migration, maintenance, and interoperability. Yet comparative evidence on how model choice, prompt design, and prompt…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Aamer Aljagthami , Mohammed Banabila , Musab Alshehri , Mohammed Kabini , Mohammad D. Alahmadi

Large language models (LLMs) are becoming increasingly better at a wide range of Natural Language Processing tasks (NLP), such as text generation and understanding. Recently, these models have extended their capabilities to coding tasks,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-23 Nishat Raihan , Mohammed Latif Siddiq , Joanna C. S. Santos , Marcos Zampieri

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into software engineering workflows, yet current benchmarks provide only coarse performance summaries that obscure the diverse capabilities and limitations of these models. This paper…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-21 Felix Mächtle , Jan-Niclas Serr , Nils Loose , Thomas Eisenbarth

Large Language Models (LLMs) challenge conventional automated programming assessment because students can now produce functionally correct code without demonstrating corresponding understanding. This paper makes two contributions. First, it…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-09 Eduard Frankford , Erik Cikalleshi , Ruth Breu

Instruction fine-tuning attacks pose a serious threat to large language models (LLMs) by subtly embedding poisoned examples in fine-tuning datasets, leading to harmful or unintended behaviors in downstream applications. Detecting such…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Jiawei Li

The rapid advancements in large language models (LLMs) have greatly expanded the potential for automated code-related tasks. Two primary methodologies are used in this domain: prompt engineering and fine-tuning. Prompt engineering involves…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Jiho Shin , Clark Tang , Tahmineh Mohati , Maleknaz Nayebi , Song Wang , Hadi Hemmati

LLMs demonstrate remarkable reasoning capabilities, yet whether they utilize internal world models or rely on sophisticated pattern matching remains open. We study LLMs through the lens of robustness of their code understanding using a…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Claudio Spiess , Prem Devanbu , Earl T. Barr

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive promise in code generation, yet their progress remains limited by the shortage of large-scale datasets that are both diverse and well-aligned with human reasoning. Most existing resources…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-28 Amal Abed , Ivan Lukic , Jörg K. H. Franke , Frank Hutter

Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as powerful tools for automating programming tasks, including security-related ones. However, they can also introduce vulnerabilities during code generation, fail to detect existing vulnerabilities,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-18 Enna Basic , Alberto Giaretta

While large language models (LLMs) exhibit state-of-the-art performance in various tasks, recent studies have revealed their struggle for code translation. This is because they haven't been extensively pre-trained with parallel multilingual…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-10-15 Qingxiao Tao , Tingrui Yu , Xiaodong Gu , Beijun Shen

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has significantly advanced the field of automated code generation. LLMs rely on large and diverse datasets to learn syntax, semantics, and usage patterns of programming languages. For low-resource…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-02-03 Alessandro Giagnorio , Alberto Martin-Lopez , Gabriele Bavota

Instruction-tuned Language Models (ILMs) have become essential components of modern AI systems, demonstrating exceptional versatility across natural language and reasoning tasks. Among their most impactful applications is code generation,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-02-18 Zaiyu Cheng , Antonio Mastropaolo

Large Language Models are a promising tool for automated vulnerability detection, thanks to their success in code generation and repair. However, despite widespread adoption, a critical question remains: Are LLMs truly effective at…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-04-21 Yue Li , Xiao Li , Hao Wu , Minghui Xu , Yue Zhang , Xiuzhen Cheng , Fengyuan Xu , Sheng Zhong