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Multi-Task Learning (MTL) can enhance a classifier's generalization performance by learning multiple related tasks simultaneously. Conventional MTL works under the offline or batch setting, and suffers from expensive training cost and poor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-06-28 Peng Yang , Peilin Zhao , Xin Gao

The automatic identification of offensive language such as hate speech is important to keep discussions civil in online communities. Identifying hate speech in multimodal content is a particularly challenging task because offensiveness can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Amrita Ganguly , Al Nahian Bin Emran , Sadiya Sayara Chowdhury Puspo , Md Nishat Raihan , Dhiman Goswami , Marcos Zampieri

Intent detection is a critical component of task-oriented dialogue systems (TODS) which enables the identification of suitable actions to address user utterances at each dialog turn. Traditional approaches relied on computationally…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Gaurav Arora , Shreya Jain , Srujana Merugu

Multi-Task Learning (MTL) is a framework, where multiple related tasks are learned jointly and benefit from a shared representation space, or parameter transfer. To provide sufficient learning support, modern MTL uses annotated data with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-01-04 Dimitrios Kollias , Viktoriia Sharmanska , Stefanos Zafeiriou

This paper focuses on detecting propagandistic spans and persuasion techniques in Arabic text from tweets and news paragraphs. Each entry in the dataset contains a text sample and corresponding labels that indicate the start and end…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-09 Md Rafiul Biswas , Zubair Shah , Wajdi Zaghouani

The detection of toxic language in the Arabic language has emerged as an active area of research in recent years, and reviewing the existing datasets employed for training the developed solutions has become a pressing need. This paper…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Imene Bensalem , Paolo Rosso , Hanane Zitouni

Identifying offensive content in social media is vital for creating safe online communities. Several recent studies have addressed this problem by creating datasets for various languages. In this paper, we explore offensive language…

Cyberbullying on social media is inherently multilingual and multi-faceted, where abusive behaviors often overlap across multiple categories. Existing methods are commonly limited by monolingual assumptions or single-task formulations,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-16 Zixin Feng , Xinying Cui , Yifan Sun , Zheng Wei , Jiachen Yuan , Jiazhen Hu , Ning Xin , Md Maruf Hasan

We introduce the task of implicit offensive text detection in dialogues, where a statement may have either an offensive or non-offensive interpretation, depending on the listener and context. We argue that reasoning is crucial for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-25 Qiang Zhang , Jason Naradowsky , Yusuke Miyao

Arabic dialect recognition presents a significant challenge in speech technology due to the linguistic diversity of Arabic and the scarcity of large annotated datasets, particularly for underrepresented dialects. This research investigates…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-06-27 Ghazal Al-Shwayyat , Omer Nezih Gerek

Tool calling is a critical capability that allows Large Language Models (LLMs) to interact with external systems, significantly expanding their utility. However, research and resources for tool calling are predominantly English-centric,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Asim Ersoy , Enes Altinisik , Husrev Taha Sencar , Kareem Darwish

This study identifies the potential vulnerabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) to 'jailbreak' attacks, specifically focusing on the Arabic language and its various forms. While most research has concentrated on English-based prompt…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-04 Mansour Al Ghanim , Saleh Almohaimeed , Mengxin Zheng , Yan Solihin , Qian Lou

The digital age has expanded social media and online forums, allowing free expression for nearly 45% of the global population. Yet, it has also fueled online harassment, bullying, and harmful behaviors like hate speech and toxic comments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Vuong M. Ngo , Cach N. Dang , Kien V. Nguyen , Mark Roantree

Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) are integral to many modern natural language processing (NLP) systems. Although multilingual models cover a wide range of languages, they often grapple with challenges like high inference costs and a lack…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Murtadha Ahmed , Saghir Alfasly , Bo Wen , Jamaal Qasem , Mohammed Ahmed , Yunfeng Liu

With the rise of neural networks in various domains, multi-task learning (MTL) gained significant relevance. A key challenge in MTL is balancing individual task losses during neural network training to improve performance and efficiency…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-16 Lukas Kirchdorfer , Cathrin Elich , Simon Kutsche , Heiner Stuckenschmidt , Lukas Schott , Jan M. Köhler

Over the past three years, the rapid advancement of Large Language Models (LLMs) has had a profound impact on multiple areas of Artificial Intelligence (AI), particularly in Natural Language Processing (NLP) across diverse languages,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-14 Haneh Rhel , Dmitri Roussinov

With the advent of deep learning, many dense prediction tasks, i.e. tasks that produce pixel-level predictions, have seen significant performance improvements. The typical approach is to learn these tasks in isolation, that is, a separate…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-01-26 Simon Vandenhende , Stamatios Georgoulis , Wouter Van Gansbeke , Marc Proesmans , Dengxin Dai , Luc Van Gool

This search introduces the Multimodal Socialized Learning Framework (M-S2L), designed to foster emergent social intelligence in AI agents by integrating Multimodal Large Language Models (M-LLMs) with social learning mechanisms. The…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Sureyya Akin , Shruti T. Tiwari , Ram Bhattacharya , Sagar A. Raman , Kiran Mohanty , Sita Krishnan

In recent years, Large Language Models (LLMs) have become widely used in medical applications, such as clinical decision support, medical education, and medical question answering. Yet, these models are often English-centric, limiting their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-06 Chaimae Abouzahir , Congbo Ma , Nizar Habash , Farah E. Shamout

Multi-task learning (MTL) has become an essential machine learning tool for addressing multiple learning tasks simultaneously and has been effectively applied across fields such as healthcare, marketing, and biomedical research. However, to…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-06-02 Yang Sui , Qi Xu , Yang Bai , Annie Qu