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Text does not fully specify the spoken form, so text-to-speech models must be able to learn from speech data that vary in ways not explained by the corresponding text. One way to reduce the amount of unexplained variation in training data…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-06-17 Devang S Ram Mohan , Vivian Hu , Tian Huey Teh , Alexandra Torresquintero , Christopher G. R. Wallis , Marlene Staib , Lorenzo Foglianti , Jiameng Gao , Simon King

Providing technologies to communities or domains where training data is scarce or protected e.g., for privacy reasons, is becoming increasingly important. To that end, we generalise methods for unsupervised transfer from multiple input…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-10-11 Kemal Kurniawan , Lea Frermann , Philip Schulz , Trevor Cohn

Self-supervised learning (SSL) approaches such as wav2vec 2.0 and HuBERT models have shown promising results in various downstream tasks in the speech community. In particular, speech representations learned by SSL models have been shown to…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-11 Eesung Kim , Jae-Jin Jeon , Hyeji Seo , Hoon Kim

Voice conversion (VC) systems are widely used for several applications, from speaker anonymisation to personalised speech synthesis. Supervised approaches learn a mapping between different speakers using parallel data, which is expensive to…

Traditional spoken language processing involves cascading an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system into text processing models. In contrast, "textless" methods process speech representations without ASR systems, enabling the direct use…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-16 Shunsuke Kando , Yusuke Miyao , Jason Naradowsky , Shinnosuke Takamichi

Autoregressive language models (LMs) generate one token at a time, yet human reasoning operates over higher-level abstractions - sentences, propositions, and concepts. This contrast raises a central question- Can LMs likewise learn to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Hyeonbin Hwang , Byeongguk Jeon , Seungone Kim , Jiyeon Kim , Hoyeon Chang , Sohee Yang , Seungpil Won , Dohaeng Lee , Youbin Ahn , Minjoon Seo

Self supervised learning (SSL) is a machine learning paradigm where models learn to understand the underlying structure of data without explicit supervision from labeled samples. The acquired representations from SSL have demonstrated…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-11 Yunshan Duan , Sinead Williamson

Self-supervised learning (SSL) methods have shown promise for medical imaging applications by learning meaningful visual representations, even when the amount of labeled data is limited. Here, we extend state-of-the-art contrastive learning…

In this paper we introduce a new natural language processing dataset and benchmark for predicting prosodic prominence from written text. To our knowledge this will be the largest publicly available dataset with prosodic labels. We describe…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-08-07 Aarne Talman , Antti Suni , Hande Celikkanat , Sofoklis Kakouros , Jörg Tiedemann , Martti Vainio

Speaker embeddings carry valuable emotion-related information, which makes them a promising resource for enhancing speech emotion recognition (SER), especially with limited labeled data. Traditionally, it has been assumed that emotion…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-06-03 Ismail Rasim Ulgen , Zongyang Du , Carlos Busso , Berrak Sisman

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has empirically shown its data representation learnability in many downstream tasks. There are only a few theoretical works on data representation learnability, and many of those focus on final data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-09 Ruofeng Yang , Xiangyuan Li , Bo Jiang , Shuai Li

Low latency speech human-machine communication is becoming increasingly necessary as speech technology advances quickly in the last decade. One of the primary factors behind the advancement of speech technology is self-supervised learning.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-01 Yun Tang , Cindy Tseng

The spontaneous behavior that often occurs in conversations makes speech more human-like compared to reading-style. However, synthesizing spontaneous-style speech is challenging due to the lack of high-quality spontaneous datasets and the…

Sound · Computer Science 2023-09-01 Weiqin Li , Shun Lei , Qiaochu Huang , Yixuan Zhou , Zhiyong Wu , Shiyin Kang , Helen Meng

Self-supervised learning (SSL) has recently emerged as a powerful approach to learning representations from large-scale unlabeled data, showing promising results in time series analysis. The self-supervised representation learning can be…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-03-18 Ziyu Liu , Azadeh Alavi , Minyi Li , Xiang Zhang

Generating expressive speech with rich and varied prosody continues to be a challenge for Text-to-Speech. Most efforts have focused on sophisticated neural architectures intended to better model the data distribution. Yet, in evaluations it…

Semantic prosody is a collocational meaning formed through the co-occurrence of a linguistic unit and a consistent series of collocates, which should be treated separately from semantic meaning. Since words that are literal translations of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-17 Xinyue Ma , Pol Pastells , Mireia Farrús , Mariona Taulé

Streaming TTS that receives streaming text is essential for interactive systems, yet this scheme faces two major challenges: unnatural prosody due to missing lookahead and long-form collapse due to unbounded context. We propose a…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Changsong Liu , Tianrui Wang , Ye Ni , Yizhou Peng , Eng Siong Chng

We address the problem of inferring a speaker's level of certainty based on prosodic information in the speech signal, which has application in speech-based dialogue systems. We show that using phrase-level prosodic features centered around…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2011-03-11 Heather Pon-Barry , Stuart M. Shieber

Self-supervised learning (SSL) models like Wav2Vec2, HuBERT, and WavLM have been widely used in speech processing. These transformer-based models consist of multiple layers, each capturing different levels of representation. While prior…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-13 Xinyu Liang , Fredrik Cumlin , Victor Ungureanu , Chandan K. A. Reddy , Christian Schuldt , Saikat Chatterjee

Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) is an important paradigm for learning representations from unlabelled data, and SSL with neural networks has been highly successful in practice. However current theoretical analysis of SSL is mostly restricted…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Pascal Esser , Satyaki Mukherjee , Debarghya Ghoshdastidar