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While the widespread deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) holds great potential for society, their vulnerabilities to adversarial manipulation and exploitation can pose serious safety, security, and ethical risks. As new threats…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-09-29 Charankumar Akiri , Harrison Simpson , Kshitiz Aryal , Aarav Khanna , Maanak Gupta

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved significantly advanced capabilities in understanding and generating human language text, which have gained increasing popularity over recent years. Apart from their state-of-the-art natural…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Yihe Zhou , Tao Ni , Wei-Bin Lee , Qingchuan Zhao

The advent of Large Language Models (LLMs) has garnered significant popularity and wielded immense power across various domains within Natural Language Processing (NLP). While their capabilities are undeniably impressive, it is crucial to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Sara Abdali , Jia He , CJ Barberan , Richard Anarfi

Recently, the powerful large language models (LLMs) have been instrumental in propelling the progress of recommender systems (RS). However, while these systems have flourished, their susceptibility to security threats has been largely…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Jinghao Zhang , Yuting Liu , Qiang Liu , Shu Wu , Guibing Guo , Liang Wang

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) into robotics has revolutionized their ability to interpret complex human commands and execute sophisticated tasks. However, such paradigm shift introduces critical security vulnerabilities…

This study reveals a previously unexplored vulnerability in the safety alignment of Large Language Models (LLMs). Existing aligned LLMs predominantly respond to unsafe queries with refusals, which often begin with a fixed set of prefixes…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Yangyang Guo , Ziwei Xu , Si Liu , Zhiming Zheng , Mohan Kankanhalli

With the rapid evolution of large language models (LLMs), new and hard-to-predict harmful capabilities are emerging. This requires developers to be able to identify risks through the evaluation of "dangerous capabilities" in order to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Yuxia Wang , Haonan Li , Xudong Han , Preslav Nakov , Timothy Baldwin

Large language models (LLMs) and LLM-based agents have been widely deployed in a wide range of applications in the real world, including healthcare diagnostics, financial analysis, customer support, robotics, and autonomous driving,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-05-20 Wenrui Xu , Keshab K. Parhi

The Large Language Models (LLMs) are poised to offer efficient and intelligent services for future mobile communication networks, owing to their exceptional capabilities in language comprehension and generation. However, the extremely high…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-09-07 Haomiao Yang , Kunlan Xiang , Mengyu Ge , Hongwei Li , Rongxing Lu , Shui Yu

While large language models (LLMs) present significant potential for supporting numerous real-world applications and delivering positive social impacts, they still face significant challenges in terms of the inherent risk of privacy…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Huandong Wang , Wenjie Fu , Yingzhou Tang , Zhilong Chen , Yuxi Huang , Jinghua Piao , Chen Gao , Fengli Xu , Tao Jiang , Yong Li

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become a cornerstone in the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP), offering transformative capabilities in understanding and generating human-like text. However, with their rising prominence, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-03-26 Arijit Ghosh Chowdhury , Md Mofijul Islam , Vaibhav Kumar , Faysal Hossain Shezan , Vaibhav Kumar , Vinija Jain , Aman Chadha

Large Language Models (LLMs) rapidly reshape modern life, advancing fields from healthcare to education and beyond. However, alongside their remarkable capabilities lies a significant threat: the susceptibility of these models to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-16 Michael Fire , Yitzhak Elbazis , Adi Wasenstein , Lior Rokach

Large Language Models (LLMs) have become powerful tools for automated code generation. However, these models often overlook critical security practices, which can result in the generation of insecure code that contains…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Hao Yan , Swapneel Suhas Vaidya , Xiaokuan Zhang , Ziyu Yao

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained significant popularity recently. LLMs are susceptible to various attacks but can also improve the security of diverse systems. However, besides enabling more secure systems, how well do open source…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Simen Gaure , Stefanos Koffas , Stjepan Picek , Sondre Rønjom

The jailbreak attack can bypass the safety measures of a Large Language Model (LLM), generating harmful content. This misuse of LLM has led to negative societal consequences. Currently, there are two main approaches to address jailbreak…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-25 Zezhong Wang , Fangkai Yang , Lu Wang , Pu Zhao , Hongru Wang , Liang Chen , Qingwei Lin , Kam-Fai Wong

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted in high-stakes scenarios, yet their safety mechanisms often remain fragile. Simple jailbreak prompts or even benign fine-tuning can bypass these protocols, underscoring the need to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Ching-Chia Kao , Chia-Mu Yu , Chun-Shien Lu , Chu-Song Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) have increasingly become pivotal in content generation with notable societal impact. These models hold the potential to generate content that could be deemed harmful.Efforts to mitigate this risk include…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Kexin Chen , Yi Liu , Dongxia Wang , Jiaying Chen , Wenhai Wang

Recent research on large language models (LLMs) has demonstrated their ability to understand and employ deceptive behavior, even without explicit prompting. However, such behavior has only been observed in rare, specialized cases and has…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Laurène Vaugrante , Francesca Carlon , Maluna Menke , Thilo Hagendorff

With the widespread availability of pretrained Large Language Models (LLMs) and their training datasets, concerns about the security risks associated with their usage has increased significantly. One of these security risks is the threat of…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Neil Fendley , Edward W. Staley , Joshua Carney , William Redman , Marie Chau , Nathan Drenkow
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