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Multi-modal large language models (MLLMs) have enabled numerous advances in understanding and reasoning in domains like vision, but we have not yet seen this broad success for time-series. Although prior works on time-series MLLMs have…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Winnie Chow , Lauren Gardiner , Haraldur T. Hallgrímsson , Maxwell A. Xu , Shirley You Ren

Predicting future values in multivariate time series is vital across various domains. This work explores the use of large language models (LLMs) for this task. However, LLMs typically handle one-dimensional data. We introduce MultiCast, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-24 Georgios Chatzigeorgakidis , Konstantinos Lentzos , Dimitrios Skoutas

Pre-trained Large Language Models (LLMs) encapsulate large amounts of knowledge and take enormous amounts of compute to train. We make use of this resource, together with the observation that LLMs are able to transfer knowledge and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Malcolm L. Wolff , Shenghao Yang , Kari Torkkola , Michael W. Mahoney

Large language models (LLMs) have been applied in many fields and have developed rapidly in recent years. As a classic machine learning task, time series forecasting has recently been boosted by LLMs. Recent works treat large language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Hua Tang , Chong Zhang , Mingyu Jin , Qinkai Yu , Zhenting Wang , Xiaobo Jin , Yongfeng Zhang , Mengnan Du

This research examines the use of Large Language Models (LLMs) in predicting time series, with a specific focus on the LLMTIME model. Despite the established effectiveness of LLMs in tasks such as text generation, language translation, and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-12 Rui Cao , Qiao Wang

Time series forecasting holds significant importance in many real-world dynamic systems and has been extensively studied. Unlike natural language process (NLP) and computer vision (CV), where a single large model can tackle multiple tasks,…

Time series forecasting aims to model temporal dependencies among variables for future state inference, holding significant importance and widespread applications in real-world scenarios. Although deep learning-based methods have achieved…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-21 Zesen Wang , Lijuan Lan , Yonggang Li

By encoding time series as a string of numerical digits, we can frame time series forecasting as next-token prediction in text. Developing this approach, we find that large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-3 and LLaMA-2 can surprisingly…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Nate Gruver , Marc Finzi , Shikai Qiu , Andrew Gordon Wilson

Multivariate time-series forecasting is vital in various domains, e.g., economic planning and weather prediction. Deep train-from-scratch models have exhibited effective performance yet require large amounts of data, which limits real-world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Ching Chang , Wei-Yao Wang , Wen-Chih Peng , Tien-Fu Chen

Time-series forecasting (TSF) finds broad applications in real-world scenarios. Prompting off-the-shelf Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrates strong zero-shot TSF capabilities while preserving computational efficiency. However, existing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Haoxin Liu , Zhiyuan Zhao , Jindong Wang , Harshavardhan Kamarthi , B. Aditya Prakash

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been extensively applied in time series analysis. Yet, their utility in the few-shot classification (i.e., a crucial training scenario due to the limited training data available in industrial applications)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Yakun Chen , Zihao Li , Chao Yang , Xianzhi Wang , Guandong Xu

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown remarkable performance across diverse tasks without domain-specific training, fueling interest in their potential for time-series forecasting. While LLMs have shown potential in zero-shot forecasting…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Junwoo Park , Hyuck Lee , Dohyun Lee , Daehoon Gwak , Jaegul Choo

Time Series Forecasting (TSF) is critical in many real-world domains like financial planning and health monitoring. Recent studies have revealed that Large Language Models (LLMs), with their powerful in-contextual modeling capabilities,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-14 Jialiang Tang , Shuo Chen , Chen Gong , Jing Zhang , Dacheng Tao

Model selection is a critical step in time series forecasting, traditionally requiring extensive performance evaluations across various datasets. Meta-learning approaches aim to automate this process, but they typically depend on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-04 Wang Wei , Tiankai Yang , Hongjie Chen , Ryan A. Rossi , Yue Zhao , Franck Dernoncourt , Hoda Eldardiry

Time series data is fundamental to decision-making across many domains including healthcare, finance, power systems, and logistics. However, analyzing this data correctly often requires incorporating unstructured contextual information,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Felix Parker , Nimeesha Chan , Chi Zhang , Kimia Ghobadi

Recent work has investigated the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) as zero-shot models for generating individual-level characteristics (e.g., to serve as risk models or augment survey datasets). However, when should a user have…

Spatio-temporal forecasting plays a crucial role in various sectors such as transportation systems, logistics, and supply chain management. However, existing methods are limited by their ability to handle large, complex datasets. To…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-27 Sakhinana Sagar Srinivas , Chidaksh Ravuru , Geethan Sannidhi , Venkataramana Runkana

Recent research has shown that large language models (LLMs) can be effectively used for real-world time series forecasting due to their strong natural language understanding capabilities. However, aligning time series into semantic spaces…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-03 Lingzheng Zhang , Lifeng Shen , Yimin Zheng , Shiyuan Piao , Ziyue Li , Fugee Tsung

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated new possibilities for accurate and efficient time series analysis, but prior work often required heavy fine-tuning and/or ignored inter-series correlations. In this work, we…

Time series data plays a critical role across diverse domains such as healthcare, energy, and finance, where tasks like classification, anomaly detection, and forecasting are essential for informed decision-making. Recently, large language…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-12-18 Francis Tang , Ying Ding
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