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Related papers: NextQuill: Causal Preference Modeling for Enhancin…

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Reward modelling from preference data is a crucial step in aligning large language models (LLMs) with human values, requiring robust generalisation to novel prompt-response pairs. In this work, we propose to frame this problem in a causal…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Katarzyna Kobalczyk , Mihaela van der Schaar

As LLMs become capable of complex tasks, there is growing potential for personalized interactions tailored to the subtle and idiosyncratic preferences of the user. We present a public benchmark, PersonalLLM, focusing on adapting LLMs to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-25 Thomas P. Zollo , Andrew Wei Tung Siah , Naimeng Ye , Ang Li , Hongseok Namkoong

Scaling laws have allowed Pre-trained Language Models (PLMs) into the field of causal reasoning. Causal reasoning of PLM relies solely on text-based descriptions, in contrast to causal discovery which aims to determine the causal…

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly serving as personal assistants, where users share complex and diverse preferences over extended interactions. However, assessing how well LLMs can follow these preferences in realistic,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Qianyun Guo , Yibo Li , Yue Liu , Bryan Hooi

Personalizing Large Language Models (LLMs) has become a critical step in facilitating their widespread application to enhance individual life experiences. In pursuit of personalization, distilling key preference information from an…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-12 Yilun Qiu , Xiaoyan Zhao , Yang Zhang , Yimeng Bai , Wenjie Wang , Hong Cheng , Fuli Feng , Tat-Seng Chua

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities, yet their transition to real-world applications reveals a critical limitation: the inability to adapt to individual preferences while maintaining alignment with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-06 Jian Guan , Junfei Wu , Jia-Nan Li , Chuanqi Cheng , Wei Wu

Personalized preference alignment for large language models (LLMs), the process of tailoring LLMs to individual users' preferences, is an emerging research direction spanning the area of NLP and personalization. In this survey, we present…

The recent surge of versatile large language models (LLMs) largely depends on aligning increasingly capable foundation models with human intentions by preference learning, enhancing LLMs with excellent applicability and effectiveness in a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Ruili Jiang , Kehai Chen , Xuefeng Bai , Zhixuan He , Juntao Li , Muyun Yang , Tiejun Zhao , Liqiang Nie , Min Zhang

This paper introduces a causal attribution model to enhance the interpretability of large language models (LLMs) and improve their causal reasoning abilities via precise fine-tuning. Despite LLMs' proficiency in diverse tasks, their…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Hengrui Cai , Shengjie Liu , Rui Song

Large Language Models (LLMs) excel in handling general knowledge tasks, yet they struggle with user-specific personalization, such as understanding individual emotions, writing styles, and preferences. Personalized Large Language Models…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Jiahong Liu , Zexuan Qiu , Zhongyang Li , Quanyu Dai , Wenhao Yu , Jieming Zhu , Minda Hu , Menglin Yang , Tat-Seng Chua , Irwin King

Personalization is becoming indispensable for LLMs to align with individual user preferences and needs. Yet current approaches are often computationally expensive, data-intensive, susceptible to catastrophic forgetting, and prone to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Baixiang Huang , Limeng Cui , Jiapeng Liu , Haoran Wang , Jiawei Xu , Zhuiyue Tan , Yutong Chen , Chen Luo , Yi Liu , Kai Shu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly used as chatbots, yet their ability to personalize responses to user preferences remains limited. We introduce PrefEval, a benchmark for evaluating LLMs' ability to infer, memorize and adhere to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Siyan Zhao , Mingyi Hong , Yang Liu , Devamanyu Hazarika , Kaixiang Lin

Causal inference has been a pivotal challenge across diverse domains such as medicine and economics, demanding a complicated integration of human knowledge, mathematical reasoning, and data mining capabilities. Recent advancements in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Jing Ma

Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown their success in language understanding and reasoning on general topics. However, their capability to perform inference based on user-specified structured data and knowledge in corpus-rare concepts,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-29 Haitao Jiang , Lin Ge , Yuhe Gao , Jianian Wang , Rui Song

What enables large language models (LLMs) to effectively model user preferences in sequential recommendation? Our investigation reveals that existing preference-alignment approaches largely rely on binary pairwise comparisons, overlooking…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Zhongyu Ouyang , Qianlong Wen , Chunhui Zhang , Yanfang Ye , Soroush Vosoughi

In sequential recommendation, models recommend items based on user's interaction history. To this end, current models usually incorporate information such as item descriptions and user intent or preferences. User preferences are usually not…

As a relative quality comparison of model responses, human and Large Language Model (LLM) preferences serve as common alignment goals in model fine-tuning and criteria in evaluation. Yet, these preferences merely reflect broad tendencies,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-20 Junlong Li , Fan Zhou , Shichao Sun , Yikai Zhang , Hai Zhao , Pengfei Liu

The reasoning abilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) are attracting increasing attention. In this work, we focus on causal reasoning and address the task of establishing causal relationships based on correlation information, a highly…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-19 Eleni Sgouritsa , Virginia Aglietti , Yee Whye Teh , Arnaud Doucet , Arthur Gretton , Silvia Chiappa

Recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence have driven a paradigm shift, where large language models (LLMs) with billions or trillions of parameters are trained on vast datasets, achieving unprecedented success across a series of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Anpeng Wu , Kun Kuang , Minqin Zhu , Yingrong Wang , Yujia Zheng , Kairong Han , Baohong Li , Guangyi Chen , Fei Wu , Kun Zhang

Large language models (LLMs) have traditionally been aligned through one-size-fits-all approaches that assume uniform human preferences, fundamentally overlooking the diversity in user values and needs. This paper introduces a comprehensive…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Jia-Nan Li , Jian Guan , Songhao Wu , Wei Wu , Rui Yan
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