English
Related papers

Related papers: Learning Treatment Representations for Downstream …

200 papers

Instrumental variable methods are fundamental to causal inference when treatment assignment is confounded by unobserved variables. In this article, we develop a general nonparametric causal framework for identification and learning with…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-02-10 Shuyuan Chen , Peng Zhang , Yifan Cui

Many policy evaluations using instrumental variable (IV) methods include individuals who interact with each other, potentially violating the standard IV assumptions. This paper defines and partially identifies direct and spillover effects…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-09-17 Didier Nibbering , Matthijs Oosterveen

We study identification and estimation of endogenous linear and nonlinear regression models without excluded instrumental variables, based on the standard mean independence condition and a nonlinear relevance condition. Based on the…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-08-01 Wayne Yuan Gao , Rui Wang

This paper proposes an estimator that relaxes the conventional relevance condition in instrumental variable (IV) analyses. The method allows endogenous covariates to be weakly correlated, uncorrelated, or even mean-independent -- though not…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-11-04 Emmanuel Selorm Tsyawo , Abdul-Nasah Soale

Many rare diseases offer limited established treatment options, leading patients to switch therapies when new medications emerge. To analyze the impact of such treatment switches within the low sample size limitations of rare disease…

OC-DeepIV is a neural network model designed for estimating causal effects. It characterizes heterogeneity by adding interaction features and reduces redundancy through orthogonal constraints. The model includes two feature extractors, one…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-06-04 Shunxin Yao

In the instrumental variable quantile regression (IVQR) model of Chernozhukov and Hansen (2005), a one-dimensional unobserved rank variable monotonically determines a single potential outcome. In practice, when researchers are interested in…

Econometrics · Economics 2025-10-28 Haruki Kono

Instrumental variables (IVs) are widely used to estimate causal effects in the presence of unobserved confounding between exposure and outcome. An IV must affect the outcome exclusively through the exposure and be unconfounded with the…

Learning causal relationships among a set of variables, as encoded by a directed acyclic graph, from observational data is complicated by the presence of unobserved confounders. Instrumental variables (IVs) are a popular remedy for this…

Methodology · Statistics 2025-04-17 Jing Zou , Wei Li , Wei Lin

Randomized controlled trials typically analyze the effectiveness of treatments with the goal of making treatment recommendations for patient subgroups. With the advance of electronic health records, a great variety of data has been…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-03-31 Zhiliang Wu , Yinchong Yang , Yunpu Ma , Yushan Liu , Rui Zhao , Michael Moor , Volker Tresp

An individualized treatment rule (ITR) is a decision rule that aims to improve individual patients health outcomes by recommending optimal treatments according to patients specific information. In observational studies, collected data may…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-10-03 Zeyu Bian , Erica EM Moodie , Susan M Shortreed , Sylvie D Lambert , Sahir Bhatnagar

Instrumental variables regression is a tool that is commonly used in the analysis of observational data. The instrumental variables are used to make causal inference about the effect of a certain exposure in the presence of unmeasured…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-09-07 Valentin Vancak , Arvid Sjölander

We develop a framework for quantifying omitted variable bias (OVB) in nonlinear instrumental variable (IV) estimators, including the local average treatment effect (LATE), the LATE for the treated (LATT), and the partially linear IV model…

Econometrics · Economics 2026-04-07 Yu-Min Yen

This paper develops a novel nonparametric identification method for treatment effects in settings where individuals self-select into treatment sequences. I propose an identification strategy which relies on a dynamic version of standard…

Econometrics · Economics 2023-12-05 Pedro Picchetti

Variational Autoencoders and their many variants have displayed impressive ability to perform dimensionality reduction, often achieving state-of-the-art performance. Many current methods however, struggle to learn good representations in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-06-28 Navindu Leelarathna , Andrei Margeloiu , Mateja Jamnik , Nikola Simidjievski

Estimating dynamic treatment effects is a crucial endeavor in causal inference, particularly when confronted with high-dimensional confounders. Doubly robust (DR) approaches have emerged as promising tools for estimating treatment effects…

Methodology · Statistics 2023-05-17 Jelena Bradic , Weijie Ji , Yuqian Zhang

Data augmentation is a widely used technique and an essential ingredient in the recent advance in self-supervised representation learning. By preserving the similarity between augmented data, the resulting data representation can improve…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2025-01-16 Shulei Wang

This paper presents a novel approach that leverages domain variability to learn representations that are conditionally invariant to unwanted variability or distractors. Our approach identifies both spurious and invariant latent features…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Hananeh Aliee , Ferdinand Kapl , Soroor Hediyeh-Zadeh , Fabian J. Theis

In a linear instrumental variables (IV) setting for estimating the causal effects of multiple confounded exposure/treatment variables on an outcome, we investigate the adaptive Lasso method for selecting valid instrumental variables from a…

Methodology · Statistics 2022-08-11 Xiaoran Liang , Eleanor Sanderson , Frank Windmeijer

Scientific and business practices are increasingly resulting in large collections of randomized experiments. Analyzed together, these collections can tell us things that individual experiments in the collection cannot. We study how to learn…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-06-02 Alexander Peysakhovich , Dean Eckles