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Vision language models (VLMs) are expected to perform effective multimodal reasoning and make logically coherent decisions, which is critical to tasks such as diagram understanding and spatial problem solving. However, current VLM reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yichen Feng , Zhangchen Xu , Fengqing Jiang , Yuetai Li , Bhaskar Ramasubramanian , Luyao Niu , Bill Yuchen Lin , Radha Poovendran

Reinforcement learning (RL) has recently shown strong potential in improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models and is now being actively extended to vision-language models (VLMs). However, existing RL applications in VLMs…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Yan Ma , Steffi Chern , Xuyang Shen , Yiran Zhong , Pengfei Liu

Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) have demonstrated remarkable performance on complex reasoning tasks through long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning. Extending these successes to multimodal reasoning remains challenging due to the increased…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Yizhi Wang , Linan Yue , Min-Ling Zhang

Reinforcement learning (RL) is a powerful way to adapt foundation models to specialized tasks, but its reliance on large-scale human-labeled data limits broad adoption. We introduce Synthetic Data RL, a simple and general framework that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-26 Yiduo Guo , Zhen Guo , Chuanwei Huang , Zi-Ang Wang , Zekai Zhang , Haofei Yu , Huishuai Zhang , Yikang Shen

Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown that their reasoning capabilities can be significantly improved through Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Reward (RLVR), particularly in domains like mathematics and…

Multi-modal Large Language Models (MLLMs) show promise in video understanding. However, their reasoning often suffers from thinking drift and weak temporal comprehension, even when enhanced by Reinforcement Learning (RL) techniques like…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Peiyao Wang , Haotian Xu , Noranart Vesdapunt , Rui Hou , Jingyi Zhang , Haibin Ling , Oleksandr Obiednikov , Ning Zhou , Kah Kuen Fu

Large language models (LLMs) are typically trained by reinforcement learning (RL) with verifiable rewards (RLVR) and supervised fine-tuning (SFT) on reasoning traces to improve their reasoning abilities. However, how these methods shape…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Kohsei Matsutani , Shota Takashiro , Gouki Minegishi , Takeshi Kojima , Yusuke Iwasawa , Yutaka Matsuo

Accurate chart comprehension represents a critical challenge in advancing multimodal learning systems, as extensive information is compressed into structured visual representations. However, existing vision-language models (VLMs) frequently…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Xin Zhang , Xingyu Li , Rongguang Wang , Ruizhong Miao , Zheng Wang , Dan Roth , Chenyang Li

Recent work on reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR) has shown that large language models (LLMs) can be substantially improved using outcome-level verification signals, such as unit tests for code or exact-match checks for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Massimiliano Pronesti , Anya Belz , Yufang Hou

The advancement of reasoning capabilities in Large Language Models (LLMs) requires substantial amounts of high-quality reasoning data, particularly in mathematics. Existing data synthesis methods, such as data augmentation from annotated…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-17 Jiapeng Wang , Jinhao Jiang , Zhiqiang Zhang , Jun Zhou , Wayne Xin Zhao

Current multimodal models often suffer from shallow reasoning, leading to errors caused by incomplete or inconsistent thought processes. To address this limitation, we propose Self-Verification and Self-Rectification (SVSR), a unified…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-29 Zhe Qian , Nianbing Su , Zhonghua Wang , Hebei Li , Zhongxing Xu , Yueying Li , Fei Luo , Zhuohan Ouyang , Yanbiao Ma

Reinforcement learning (RL) post-training has enabled newer capabilities in models, such as agentic tool-use for search. However, these models struggle primarily due to limitations with sparse outcome-based rewards and a lack of training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Harsh Goel , Akhil Udathu , Susmija Jabireddy , Pradnesh Kalkar , Atharva Parulekar

Large language models (LLMs) achieve strong performance across diverse tasks, largely driven by high-quality web data used in pre-training. However, recent studies indicate this data source is rapidly depleting. Synthetic data emerges as a…

Recent advances in multimodal reward modeling have been largely driven by a paradigm shift from discriminative to generative approaches. Building on this progress, recent studies have further employed reinforcement learning from verifiable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Chenglong Wang , Yifu Huo , Yang Gan , Qiaozhi He , Qi Meng , Bei Li , Yan Wang , Junfu Liu , Tianhua Zhou , Jingbo Zhu , Tong Xiao

Despite significant advances in Large Reasoning Models (LRMs) driven by reinforcement learning with verifiable rewards (RLVR), this paradigm is fundamentally limited in specialized or novel domains where such supervision is prohibitively…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-10 Sikai Bai , Haoxi Li , Jie Zhang , Yongjiang Liu , Song Guo

Test-time scaling has been shown to substantially improve large language models' (LLMs) mathematical reasoning. However, for a large portion of mathematical corpora, especially theorem proving, RLVR's scalability is limited: intermediate…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-24 Zhen Wang , Zhifeng Gao , Guolin Ke

Despite rapid advancements, current text-to-image (T2I) models predominantly rely on a single-step generation paradigm, which struggles with complex semantics and faces diminishing returns from parameter scaling. While recent multi-step…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Hanbo Cheng , Limin Lin , Ruo Zhang , Yicheng Pan , Jun Du

Reinforcement learning (RL) has proven highly effective in eliciting the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs). Inspired by this success, recent studies have explored applying similar techniques to vision-language models…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yan Chen , Long Li , Teng Xi , Long Zeng , Jingdong Wang

We introduce SLR, an end-to-end framework for systematic evaluation and training of Large Language Models (LLMs) via Scalable Logical Reasoning. Given a user's task specification, SLR automatically synthesizes (i) an instruction prompt for…

Enhancing the reasoning capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) with efficiency and scalability remains a fundamental challenge in artificial intelligence research. This paper presents a rigorous experimental investigation into how…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Yunjie Ji , Sitong Zhao , Xiaoyu Tian , Haotian Wang , Shuaiting Chen , Yiping Peng , Han Zhao , Xiangang Li