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This paper lays down the research agenda for a domain-specific foundation model for operating systems (OSes). Our case for a foundation model revolves around the observations that several OS components such as CPU, memory, and network…

Generative AI (genAI) tools promise productivity gains, yet miscalibrated trust and usage friction still hinder adoption. Moreover, genAI can be exclusionary, failing to adequately support diverse users. One such aspect of diversity is…

As artificial intelligence (AI) models are scaled up, new capabilities can emerge unintentionally and unpredictably, some of which might be dangerous. In response, dangerous capabilities evaluations have emerged as a new risk assessment…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-03 Jide Alaga , Jonas Schuett

Companies that develop foundation models publish behavioral guidelines they pledge their models will follow, but it remains unclear if models actually do so. While providers such as OpenAI, Anthropic, and Google have published detailed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Ahmed Ahmed , Kevin Klyman , Yi Zeng , Sanmi Koyejo , Percy Liang

Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) is enabling unprecedented automation in content creation and decision support, but it also raises novel risks. This paper presents a first-principles risk assessment framework underlying the IEEE…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-11-21 Richard J. Tong , Marina Cortês , Jeanine A. DeFalco , Mark Underwood , Janusz Zalewski

Artificial intelligence (AI) continues to find more numerous and more critical applications in the financial services industry, giving rise to fair and ethical AI as an industry-wide objective. While many ethical principles and guidelines…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-11-03 Eren Kurshan , Jiahao Chen , Victor Storchan , Hongda Shen

Researchers, government bodies, and organizations have been repeatedly calling for a shift in the responsible AI community from general principles to tangible and operationalizable practices in mitigating the potential sociotechnical harms…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-02-14 Ravit Dotan , Borhane Blili-Hamelin , Ravi Madhavan , Jeanna Matthews , Joshua Scarpino

Can foundation models be guided to execute tasks involving legal reasoning? We believe that building a benchmark to answer this question will require sustained collaborative efforts between the computer science and legal communities. To…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2022-09-14 Neel Guha , Daniel E. Ho , Julian Nyarko , Christopher Ré

Risk assessment services fulfil the task of generating a risk report from personal information and are developed for purposes like disease prognosis, resource utilization prioritization, and informing clinical interventions. A major…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2019-03-19 Eryu Xia , Yiqin Yu , Enliang Xu , Jing Mei , Wen Sun

Foundation models are widely employed in medical image analysis, due to their high adaptability and generalizability for downstream tasks. With the increasing number of foundation models being released, model selection has become an…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-27 Fuping Wu , Bartlomiej W. Papiez

We introduce a framework for Foundational Analysis of Safety Engineering Requirements (SAFER), a model-driven methodology supported by Generative AI to improve the generation and analysis of safety requirements for complex safety-critical…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Noga Chemo , Yaniv Mordecai , Yoram Reich

Frontier AI systems are rapidly advancing in their capabilities to persuade, deceive, and influence human behaviour, with current models already demonstrating human-level persuasion and strategic deception in specific contexts. Humans are…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Rishane Dassanayake , Mario Demetroudi , James Walpole , Lindley Lentati , Jason R. Brown , Edward James Young

This paper contributes to the nascent debate around safety cases for frontier AI systems. Safety cases are structured, defensible arguments that a system is acceptably safe to deploy in a given context. Historically, they have been used in…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Shaun Feakins , Ibrahim Habli , Phillip Morgan

A spirited debate is taking place over the regulation of open foundation models: artificial intelligence models whose underlying architectures and parameters are made public and can be inspected, modified, and run by end users. Proposed…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-08-20 Masao Dahlgren

Incident monitoring can drive safety improvements in high-reliability industries and population-scale technologies, but remains underdeveloped in AI governance. Public databases catalog thousands of AI incidents, but simple incident counts…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Isaak Mengesha , Branwen Owen , Charlie Collins , Tina Wong , Simon Mylius , Peter Slattery , Sean McGregor

Foundation model, which is pre-trained on broad data and is able to adapt to a wide range of tasks, is advancing healthcare. It promotes the development of healthcare artificial intelligence (AI) models, breaking the contradiction between…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2024-04-05 Yuting He , Fuxiang Huang , Xinrui Jiang , Yuxiang Nie , Minghao Wang , Jiguang Wang , Hao Chen

Given rapid progress toward advanced AI and risks from frontier AI systems (advanced AI systems pushing the boundaries of the AI capabilities frontier), the creation and implementation of AI governance and regulatory schemes deserves…

This thesis investigates how foundation models can be systematically leveraged to enhance robotic capabilities, enabling more effective localization, interaction, and manipulation in unstructured environments. The work is structured around…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-03 Reihaneh Mirjalili

Intelligent information systems that contain emergent elements often encounter trust problems because results do not get sufficiently explained and the procedure itself can not be fully retraced. This is caused by a control flow depending…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2021-04-30 Michael Guckert , Nils Gumpfer , Jennifer Hannig , Till Keller , Neil Urquhart

Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems have historically been used as tools that execute narrowly defined tasks. Yet recent advances in AI have unlocked possibilities for a new class of models that genuinely collaborate with humans in complex…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-23 Kerem Oktar , Katherine M. Collins , Jose Hernandez-Orallo , Diane Coyle , Stephen Cave , Adrian Weller , Ilia Sucholutsky