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As AI becomes more "agentic," it faces technical and socio-legal issues it must address if it is to fulfill its promise of increased economic productivity and efficiency. This paper uses technical and legal perspectives to explain how…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Mark O. Riedl , Deven R. Desai

With the rise of generative AI, industry interest in software agents is growing. Given the stochastic nature of generative AI-based agents, their effective and safe deployment in organizations requires robust governance, which can be…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-07-04 Hoang Vu , Nataliia Klievtsova , Henrik Leopold , Stefanie Rinderle-Ma , Timotheus Kampik

The rise of AI agents is transforming how software can be built. The promise of agents is that developers might write code quicker, delegate multiple tasks to different agents, and even write a full piece of software purely out of natural…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Ruanqianqian Huang , Avery Reyna , Sorin Lerner , Haijun Xia , Brian Hempel

The concept of the 'agent' has profoundly shaped Artificial Intelligence (AI) research, guiding development from foundational theories to contemporary applications like Large Language Model (LLM)-based systems. This paper critically…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Jesse Gardner , Vladimir A. Baulin

This paper envisions a transformative paradigm in software engineering, where Artificial Intelligence, embodied in fully autonomous agents, becomes the primary driver of the core software development activities. We introduce a new class of…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Hoa Khanh Dam , Geeta Mahala , Rashina Hoda , Xi Zheng , Cristina Conati

We show that the ability to lead groups of humans is predicted by leadership skill with Artificially Intelligent agents. In a large pre-registered lab experiment, human leaders worked with AI agents to solve problems. Their performance on…

General Economics · Economics 2025-08-06 Ben Weidmann , Yixian Xu , David J. Deming

AI agentic programming is an emerging paradigm where large language model (LLM)-based coding agents autonomously plan, execute, and interact with tools such as compilers, debuggers, and version control systems. Unlike conventional code…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Huanting Wang , Jingzhi Gong , Huawei Zhang , Jie Xu , Zheng Wang

The deployment of capable AI agents raises fresh questions about safety, human-machine relationships and social coordination. We argue for greater engagement by scientists, scholars, engineers and policymakers with the implications of a…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-09-15 Iason Gabriel , Geoff Keeling , Arianna Manzini , James Evans

AI agents that take actions in their environment autonomously over extended time horizons require robust governance interventions to curb their potentially consequential risks. Prior proposals for governing AI agents primarily target…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-02 K. J. Kevin Feng , Tae Soo Kim , Rock Yuren Pang , Faria Huq , Tal August , Amy X. Zhang

As public sector agencies rapidly introduce new AI tools in high-stakes domains like social services, it becomes critical to understand how decisions to adopt these tools are made in practice. We borrow from the anthropological practice to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-05-22 Anna Kawakami , Amanda Coston , Hoda Heidari , Kenneth Holstein , Haiyi Zhu

Developers now have access to a growing array of increasingly autonomous AI tools for software development. While many studies examine copilots that provide chat assistance or code completions, evaluations of coding agents -- which can…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-09-16 Valerie Chen , Ameet Talwalkar , Robert Brennan , Graham Neubig

Across healthcare, agentic artificial intelligence (AI) systems are increasingly promoted as capable of autonomous action, yet in practice they currently operate under near-total human oversight due to safety, regulatory, and liability…

As AI agents built on large language models (LLMs) become increasingly embedded in society, issues of coordination, control, delegation, and accountability are entangled with concerns over their reliability. To design and implement LLM…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-12-09 R. Patrick Xian , Garry A. Gabison , Ahmed Alaa , Christoph Riedl , Grigorios G. Chrysos

This position paper states that AI Alignment in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) should be considered a dynamic and interaction-dependent process that heavily depends on the social environment where agents are deployed, either collaborative,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-06-09 Florian Carichon , Aditi Khandelwal , Marylou Fauchard , Golnoosh Farnadi

Multi-agent systems - systems with multiple independent AI agents working together to achieve a common goal - are becoming increasingly prevalent in daily life. Drawing inspiration from the phenomenon of human group social influence, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Tianqi Song , Yugin Tan , Zicheng Zhu , Yibin Feng , Yi-Chieh Lee

The study of cooperation within social dilemmas has long been a fundamental topic across various disciplines, including computer science and social science. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI) have significantly reshaped…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-31 Chunjiang Mu , Hao Guo , Yang Chen , Chen Shen , Shuyue Hu , Zhen Wang

This survey paper examines the recent advancements in AI agent implementations, with a focus on their ability to achieve complex goals that require enhanced reasoning, planning, and tool execution capabilities. The primary objectives of…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Tula Masterman , Sandi Besen , Mason Sawtell , Alex Chao

The integration of Generative Artificial Intelligence (AI) into autonomous machines represents a major paradigm shift in how these systems operate and unlocks new solutions to problems once deemed intractable. Although generative AI agents…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-10-22 Jason Jabbour , Vijay Janapa Reddi

Agentic AI systems are entering software engineering workflows, yet empirical evidence on how industrial organizations actually adopt them remains sparse. We present a qualitative interview study with sixteen practitioners across twelve…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-05-15 Spyridon Alvanakis Apostolou , Jan Bosch , Helena Holmström Olsson

Autonomous AI agents capable of complex planning and action mark a shift beyond today's generative tools. As these systems enter political and economic life, who can access them, how capable they are, and how many can be deployed will shape…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-04-27 Matthew Sharp , Omer Bilgin , Iason Gabriel , Lewis Hammond