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The de novo generation of drug-like molecules capable of inducing desirable phenotypic changes is receiving increasing attention. However, previous methods predominantly rely on expression profiles to guide molecule generation, but overlook…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-20 Haotian Guo , Hui Liu

Variational autoencoders (VAEs) defined over SMILES string and graph-based representations of molecules promise to improve the optimization of molecular properties, thereby revolutionizing the pharmaceuticals and materials industries.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-04 Zaccary Alperstein , Artem Cherkasov , Jason Tyler Rolfe

Recently, molecule generation using deep learning has been actively investigated in drug discovery. In this field, Transformer and VAE are widely used as powerful models, but they are rarely used in combination due to structural and…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-04-08 Yasuhiro Yoshikai , Tadahaya Mizuno , Shumpei Nemoto , Hiroyuki Kusuhara

De novo generation of hit-like molecules is a challenging task in the drug discovery process. Most methods in previous studies learn the semantics and syntax of molecular structures by analyzing molecular graphs or simplified molecular…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-18 Chen Li , Yoshihiro Yamanishi

The application of generative models for experimental drug discovery campaigns is severely limited by the difficulty of designing molecules de novo that can be synthesized in practice. Previous works have leveraged Generative Flow Networks…

Deep generative models are attracting great attention as a new promising approach for molecular design. All models reported so far are based on either variational autoencoder (VAE) or generative adversarial network (GAN). Here we propose a…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2019-12-13 Seung Hwan Hong , Jaechang Lim , Seongok Ryu , Woo Youn Kim

Recurrent neural networks have been widely used to generate millions of de novo molecules in a known chemical space. These deep generative models are typically setup with LSTM or GRU units and trained with canonical SMILEs. In this study,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-12 Ruud van Deursen , Peter Ertl , Igor V. Tetko , Guillaume Godin

In order to continuously represent molecules, we propose a generative model in the form of a VAE which is operating on the 2D-graph structure of molecules. A side predictor is employed to prune the latent space and help the decoder in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-04-20 Mohammadamin Tavakoli , Pierre Baldi

Current molecular generative models primarily focus on improving drug-target binding affinity and specificity, often neglecting the system-level phenotypic effects elicited by compounds. Transcriptional profiles, as molecule-level readouts…

Chemical Physics · Physics 2025-09-29 Ran Song , Hui Liu

Molecular generation plays an important role in drug discovery and materials science, especially in data-scarce scenarios where traditional generative models often struggle to achieve satisfactory conditional generalization. To address this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Zimo Yan , Jie Zhang , Zheng Xie , Chang Liu , Yizhen Liu , Yiping Song

Deep generative models have recently been applied to molecule design. If the molecules are encoded in linear SMILES strings, modeling becomes convenient. However, models relying on string representations tend to generate invalid samples and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-10-20 Bo Pang , Tian Han , Ying Nian Wu

Molecule generation is a task made very difficult by the complex ways in which we represent molecules computationally. A common technique used in molecular generative modeling is to use SMILES strings with recurrent neural networks built…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2024-02-28 Divahar Sivanesan

We propose a novel molecular fingerprint-based variational autoencoder applied for molecular generation on real-world drug molecules. We define more suitable and pharma-relevant baseline metrics and tests, focusing on the generation of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-11-17 Ruslan N. Tazhigulov , Joshua Schiller , Jacob Oppenheim , Max Winston

Based on the traditional VAE, a novel neural network model is presented, with the latest molecular representation, SELFIES, to improve the effect of generating new molecules. In this model, multi-layer convolutional network and Fisher…

Biomolecules · Quantitative Biology 2023-05-03 Li Kai , Li Ning , Zhang Wei , Gao Ming

Recent advances in generative models, particularly diffusion and auto-regressive models, have revolutionized fields like computer vision and natural language processing. However, their application to structure-based drug design (SBDD)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-29 Yi He , Ailun Wang , Zhi Wang , Yu Liu , Xingyuan Xu , Wen Yan

We present two deep generative models based on Variational Autoencoders to improve the accuracy of drug response prediction. Our models, Perturbation Variational Autoencoder and its semi-supervised extension, Drug Response Variational…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2017-07-07 Ladislav Rampasek , Daniel Hidru , Petr Smirnov , Benjamin Haibe-Kains , Anna Goldenberg

Variational Autoencoders (VAE) are probabilistic deep generative models underpinned by elegant theory, stable training processes, and meaningful manifold representations. However, they produce blurry images due to a lack of explicit…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-15 Prashnna K Gyawali , Rudra Saha , Linwei Wang , VSR Veeravasarapu , Maneesh Singh

Recently, deep generative models have revealed itself as a promising way of performing de novo molecule design. However, previous research has focused mainly on generating SMILES strings instead of molecular graphs. Although current graph…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2018-04-24 Yibo Li , Liangren Zhang , Zhenming Liu

Geometric representation-conditioned molecule generation provides an effective paradigm that decouples molecule representation modeling from structure generation. By decoupling molecule generation into two stages-first generating a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-11 Shaoheng Yan , Zian Li , Cai Zhou , Qiaojing Huang , Kai Liu , Muhan Zhang

Deep generative models have been praised for their ability to learn smooth latent representation of images, text, and audio, which can then be used to generate new, plausible data. However, current generative models are unable to work with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-09-09 Bidisha Samanta , Abir De , Gourhari Jana , Pratim Kumar Chattaraj , Niloy Ganguly , Manuel Gomez-Rodriguez
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