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Masked diffusion models (MDMs) have emerged as a promising alternative to autoregressive models, enabling parallel token generation while achieving competitive performance. Despite these advantages, MDMs face a fundamental limitation: once…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-06 Yair Schiff , Omer Belhasin , Roy Uziel , Guanghan Wang , Marianne Arriola , Gilad Turok , Michael Elad , Volodymyr Kuleshov

Diffusion language models (DLMs) have recently emerged as a compelling alternative to autoregressive generation, offering parallel generation and improved global coherence. During inference, DLMs generate text by iteratively denoising…

Masked diffusion language models (MDMs) have recently emerged as a promising alternative to standard autoregressive large language models (AR-LLMs), yet their optimization can be substantially less stable. We study blockwise MDMs and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Yuxiang Wang , Yu Xiang , Baojian Zhou , Qifang Zhao , Keyue Jiang , Yanghua Xiao , Xiaoxiao Xu

Automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems based on large language models (LLMs) achieve superior performance by leveraging pretrained LLMs as decoders, but their token-by-token generation mechanism leads to inference latency that grows…

Sound · Computer Science 2026-01-27 Wenjie Tian , Bingshen Mu , Guobin Ma , Xuelong Geng , Zhixian Zhao , Lei Xie

While Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs) have emerged as a promising non-autoregressive paradigm comparable to autoregressive (AR) models, their faithfulness, specifically regarding hallucination, remains largely underexplored. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Zhengnan Guo , Fei Tan

Masked diffusion language models (MDLMs) have recently emerged as a new paradigm in language modeling, offering flexible generation dynamics and enabling efficient parallel decoding. However, existing decoding strategies for pre-trained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Xueyu Zhou , Yangrong Hu , Jian Huang

End-to-end autonomous driving systems based on vision-language-action (VLA) models integrate multimodal sensor inputs and language instructions to generate planning and control signals. While autoregressive large language models and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-17 Mingwang Xu , Jiahao Cui , Feipeng Cai , Hanlin Shang , Zhihao Zhu , Shan Luan , Yifang Xu , Neng Zhang , Yaoyi Li , Jia Cai , Siyu Zhu

Language diffusion models aim to improve sampling speed and coherence over autoregressive LLMs. We introduce Neural Flow Diffusion Models for language generation, an extension of NFDM that enables the straightforward application of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Nesta Midavaine , Christian A. Naesseth , Grigory Bartosh

Autoregressive language models, despite their impressive capabilities, struggle with complex reasoning and long-term planning tasks. We introduce discrete diffusion models as a novel solution to these challenges. Through the lens of subgoal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-19 Jiacheng Ye , Jiahui Gao , Shansan Gong , Lin Zheng , Xin Jiang , Zhenguo Li , Lingpeng Kong

Diffusion Language Models (DLMs) have emerged as a promising new paradigm for text generative modeling, potentially addressing limitations of autoregressive (AR) models. However, current DLMs have been studied at a smaller scale compared to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-03 Shansan Gong , Shivam Agarwal , Yizhe Zhang , Jiacheng Ye , Lin Zheng , Mukai Li , Chenxin An , Peilin Zhao , Wei Bi , Jiawei Han , Hao Peng , Lingpeng Kong

The modern autoregressive Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved outstanding performance on NLP benchmarks, and they are deployed in the real world. However, they still suffer from limitations of the autoregressive training paradigm.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-11 Justin Deschenaux , Caglar Gulcehre

Recent masked diffusion models (MDMs) have shown competitive performance compared to autoregressive models (ARMs) for language modeling. While most literature has focused on performance enhancing sampling procedures, efficient sampling from…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Heli Ben-Hamu , Itai Gat , Daniel Severo , Niklas Nolte , Brian Karrer

We propose a new finetuning method to provide pre-trained large language models (LMs) the ability to scale test-time compute through the diffusion framework. By increasing the number of diffusion steps, we show our finetuned models achieve…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-04 Edoardo Cetin , Tianyu Zhao , Yujin Tang

Current autoregressive language models (ARMs) achieve high accuracy but require long token sequences, making them costly. Discrete diffusion language models (DDLMs) enable parallel and flexible generation within a fixed number of steps and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Lina Berrayana , Ahmed Heakl , Muhammad Abdullah Sohail , Thomas Hofmann , Salman Khan , Wei Chen

We propose Lavida-O, a unified Masked Diffusion Model (MDM) for multimodal understanding and generation. Unlike existing multimodal MDMs such as MMaDa and Muddit which only support simple image-level understanding tasks and low-resolution…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Shufan Li , Jiuxiang Gu , Kangning Liu , Zhe Lin , Zijun Wei , Aditya Grover , Jason Kuen

Autoregressive (AR) models remain the standard for natural language generation but still suffer from high latency due to strictly sequential decoding. Recent diffusion-inspired approaches, such as LlaDA and Dream, mitigate this by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Qinglin Zhu , Yizhen Yao , Runcong Zhao , Yanzheng Xiang , Amrutha Saseendran , Chen Jin , Philip Teare , Bin Liang , Yulan He , Lin Gui

The capabilities of large language models (LLMs) are widely regarded as relying on autoregressive models (ARMs). We challenge this notion by introducing LLaDA, a diffusion model trained from scratch under the pre-training and supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Shen Nie , Fengqi Zhu , Zebin You , Xiaolu Zhang , Jingyang Ou , Jun Hu , Jun Zhou , Yankai Lin , Ji-Rong Wen , Chongxuan Li

By decomposing the image formation process into a sequential application of denoising autoencoders, diffusion models (DMs) achieve state-of-the-art synthesis results on image data and beyond. Additionally, their formulation allows for a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-14 Robin Rombach , Andreas Blattmann , Dominik Lorenz , Patrick Esser , Björn Ommer

The main advantages of diffusion language models over autoregressive (AR) models lie in their ability to support parallel generation and bidirectional attention, enabling a more controllable generation process. In recent years, open-source…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Haocheng Sun , Cynthia Xin Wen , Edward Hong Wang

Autoregressive (AR) language models enforce a fixed left-to-right generation order, creating a fundamental limitation when the required output structure conflicts with natural reasoning (e.g., producing answers before explanations due to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Longxuan Yu , Yu Fu , Shaorong Zhang , Hui Liu , Mukund Varma T , Greg Ver Steeg , Yue Dong
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