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Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used in human-AI interaction research and practice, yet existing capability and safety benchmarks reveal little about the value priorities these systems express or how those priorities…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Gabriel Rongyang Lau , Wei Yan Low , Seow Min Koh , Fiona Fui-Hoon Nah , Andree Hartanto

Do Large Language Models (LLMs) hold positions that conflict with your country's values? Occasionally they do! However, existing works primarily focus on ethical reviews, failing to capture the diversity of national values, which encompass…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Weijie Shi , Chengyi Ju , Chengzhong Liu , Jiaming Ji , Jipeng Zhang , Ruiyuan Zhang , Jia Zhu , Jiajie Xu , Yaodong Yang , Sirui Han , Yike Guo

Large language models (LLMs) exhibit cultural bias from overrepresented viewpoints in training data, yet cultural alignment remains a challenge due to limited cultural knowledge and a lack of exploration into effective learning approaches.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Chunhua Liu , Kabir Manandhar Shrestha , Sukai Huang

Are AI systems truly representing human values, or merely averaging across them? Our study suggests a concerning reality: Large Language Models (LLMs) fail to represent diverse cultural moral frameworks despite their linguistic…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-01 Simon Münker

While Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success in cognitive and reasoning benchmarks, they exhibit a persistent deficit in anthropomorphic intelligence-the capacity to navigate complex social, emotional, and ethical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-29 Jiaxin Liu , Peiyi Tu , Wenyu Chen , Yihong Zhuang , Xinxia Ling , Anji Zhou , Chenxi Wang , Zhuo Han , Zhengkai Yang , Junbo Zhao , Zenan Huang , Yuanyuan Wang

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have opened the door to culture-aware language tasks. We introduce the novel problem of adapting wine reviews across Chinese and English, which goes beyond literal translation by incorporating…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-17 Chenye Zou , Xingyue Wen , Tianyi Hu , Qian Janice Wang , Daniel Hershcovich

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across various natural language tasks. However, evaluating their alignment with human preferences remains a challenge. To this end, we propose a comprehensive human evaluation…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-10 Shuyi Xie , Wenlin Yao , Yong Dai , Shaobo Wang , Donlin Zhou , Lifeng Jin , Xinhua Feng , Pengzhi Wei , Yujie Lin , Zhichao Hu , Dong Yu , Zhengyou Zhang , Jing Nie , Yuhong Liu

Immense effort has been dedicated to minimizing the presence of harmful or biased generative content and better aligning AI output to human intention; however, research investigating the cultural values of LLMs is still in very early…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Elise Karinshak , Amanda Hu , Kewen Kong , Vishwanatha Rao , Jingren Wang , Jindong Wang , Yi Zeng

Large Language Models (LLMs) are poised to transform healthcare under China's Healthy China 2030 initiative, yet they introduce new ethical and patient-safety challenges. We present a novel 12,000-item Q&A benchmark covering 11 ethics and 9…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Mouxiao Bian , Rongzhao Zhang , Chao Ding , Xinwei Peng , Jie Xu

As AI systems become more advanced, ensuring their alignment with a diverse range of individuals and societal values becomes increasingly critical. But how can we capture fundamental human values and assess the degree to which AI systems…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-11-05 Hua Shen , Tiffany Knearem , Reshmi Ghosh , Yu-Ju Yang , Nicholas Clark , Tanushree Mitra , Yun Huang

Alignment has become a critical step for instruction-tuned Large Language Models (LLMs) to become helpful assistants. However, the effective evaluation of alignment for emerging Chinese LLMs is still largely unexplored. To fill in this gap,…

As Video Large Language Models (VideoLLMs) are deployed globally, they require understanding of and grounding in the relevant cultural background. To properly assess these models' cultural awareness, adequate benchmarks are needed. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Nikhil Reddy Varimalla , Yunfei Xu , Arkadiy Saakyan , Meng Fan Wang , Smaranda Muresan

Large language models (LLMs) are now used worldwide, yet their multimodal understanding and reasoning often degrade outside Western, high-resource settings. We propose MMA-ASIA, a comprehensive framework to evaluate LLMs' cultural awareness…

As the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) continue to advance, evaluating their performance becomes increasingly crucial and challenging. This paper aims to bridge this gap by introducing CMMLU, a comprehensive Chinese benchmark…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Haonan Li , Yixuan Zhang , Fajri Koto , Yifei Yang , Hai Zhao , Yeyun Gong , Nan Duan , Timothy Baldwin

Adapting large language models (LLMs) to diverse cultural values is a challenging task, as existing LLMs often reflect the values of specific groups by default, and potentially causing harm to others. In this paper, we present CLCA, a novel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-07 Chen Cecilia Liu , Anna Korhonen , Iryna Gurevych

With the proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) in diverse domains, there is a particular need for unified evaluation standards in clinical medical scenarios, where models need to be examined very thoroughly. We present CliMedBench,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-07 Zetian Ouyang , Yishuai Qiu , Linlin Wang , Gerard de Melo , Ya Zhang , Yanfeng Wang , Liang He

Recent advances in large language models have enabled their application to a range of healthcare tasks. However, aligning LLMs with the nuanced demands of medical ethics, especially under complex real world scenarios, remains underexplored.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-14 Haoan Jin , Han Ying , Jiacheng Ji , Hanhui Xu , Mengyue Wu

Although large language models (LLMs) are increasingly implicated in interpersonal and societal decision-making, their ability to navigate explicit conflicts between legitimately different cultural value systems remains largely unexamined.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Hasibur Rahman , Hanan Salam

Minimizing negative impacts of Artificial Intelligent (AI) systems on human societies without human supervision requires them to be able to align with human values. However, most current work only addresses this issue from a technical point…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Mehdi Khamassi , Marceau Nahon , Raja Chatila

Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized the AI field but also pose potential safety and ethical risks. Deciphering LLMs' embedded values becomes crucial for assessing and mitigating their risks. Despite…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-05-13 Pablo Biedma , Xiaoyuan Yi , Linus Huang , Maosong Sun , Xing Xie