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The quality of the speech communication systems, which include noise suppression algorithms, are typically evaluated in laboratory experiments according to the ITU-T Rec. P.835, in which participants rate background noise, speech signal,…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-04-19 Babak Naderi , Ross Cutler

Curating datasets that span multiple languages is challenging. To make the collection more scalable, researchers often incorporate one or more imperfect classifiers in the process, like language identification models. These models, however,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Farhan Samir , Emily P. Ahn , Shreya Prakash , Márton Soskuthy , Vered Shwartz , Jian Zhu

In a subjective experiment to evaluate the perceptual audiovisual quality of multimedia and television services, raw opinion scores collected from test subjects are often noisy and unreliable. To produce the final mean opinion scores (MOS),…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2021-05-10 Zhi Li , Christos G. Bampis , Lukáš Krasula , Lucjan Janowski , Ioannis Katsavounidis

Mean Opinion Score (MOS) is a popular measure for evaluating synthesized speech. However, the scores obtained in MOS tests are heavily dependent upon many contextual factors. One such factor is the overall range of quality of the samples…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-10-10 Erica Cooper , Junichi Yamagishi

Noisy self-reported empathy scores challenge supervised learning for empathy regression. While many algorithms have been proposed for learning with noisy labels in textual classification problems, the regression counterpart is relatively…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Md Rakibul Hasan , Md Zakir Hossain , Aneesh Krishna , Shafin Rahman , Tom Gedeon

Bias-transforming methods of fairness-aware machine learning aim to correct a non-neutral status quo with respect to a protected attribute (PA). Current methods, however, lack an explicit formulation of what drives non-neutrality. We…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Ludwig Bothmann , Philip A. Boustani , Jose M. Alvarez , Giuseppe Casalicchio , Bernd Bischl , Susanne Dandl

Single-channel deep speech enhancement approaches often estimate a single multiplicative mask to extract clean speech without a measure of its accuracy. Instead, in this work, we propose to quantify the uncertainty associated with clean…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-16 Huajian Fang , Timo Gerkmann

Universal sound separation (USS) is a task to separate arbitrary sounds from an audio mixture. Existing USS systems are capable of separating arbitrary sources, given a few examples of the target sources as queries. However, separating…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-12-01 Yuzhuo Liu , Xubo Liu , Yan Zhao , Yuanyuan Wang , Rui Xia , Pingchuan Tain , Yuxuan Wang

Speech enhancement (SE) based on diffusion probabilistic models has exhibited impressive performance, while requiring a relatively high number of function evaluations (NFE). Recently, SE based on flow matching has been proposed, which…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-08-20 Seonggyu Lee , Sein Cheong , Sangwook Han , Kihyuk Kim , Jong Won Shin

Unsupervised commonsense question answering is appealing since it does not rely on any labeled task data. Among existing work, a popular solution is to use pre-trained language models to score candidate choices directly conditioned on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-01 Yilin Niu , Fei Huang , Jiaming Liang , Wenkai Chen , Xiaoyan Zhu , Minlie Huang

While deep learning has made impressive progress in speech synthesis and voice conversion, the assessment of the synthesized speech is still carried out by human participants. Several recent papers have proposed deep-learning-based…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-11-10 Yeunju Choi , Youngmoon Jung , Hoirin Kim

Existing objective evaluation metrics for voice conversion (VC) are not always correlated with human perception. Therefore, training VC models with such criteria may not effectively improve naturalness and similarity of converted speech. In…

Sound · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Chen-Chou Lo , Szu-Wei Fu , Wen-Chin Huang , Xin Wang , Junichi Yamagishi , Yu Tsao , Hsin-Min Wang

Researches have shown accent classification can be improved by integrating semantic information into pure acoustic approach. In this work, we combine phonetic knowledge, such as vowels, with enhanced acoustic features to build an improved…

Sound · Computer Science 2016-02-25 Zhenhao Ge

Large language models have been widely adopted in natural language processing, yet they face the challenge of generating unreliable content. Recent works aim to reduce misinformation and hallucinations by resorting to attribution as a means…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-28 Dongfang Li , Zetian Sun , Baotian Hu , Zhenyu Liu , Xinshuo Hu , Xuebo Liu , Min Zhang

Conversational Question Answering (ConvQA) involves multiple subtasks, i) to understand incomplete questions in their context, ii) to retrieve relevant information, and iii) to generate answers. This work presents PRAISE, a pipeline-based…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-16 Magdalena Kaiser , Gerhard Weikum

In automated pronunciation assessment, recent emphasis progressively lies on evaluating multiple aspects to provide enriched feedback. However, acquiring multi-aspect-score labeled data for non-native language learners' speech poses…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Heejin Do , Wonjun Lee , Gary Geunbae Lee

Recent advances in human preference alignment have significantly improved multimodal generation and understanding. A key approach is to train reward models that provide supervision signals for preference optimization. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-26 Yibin Wang , Yuhang Zang , Hao Li , Cheng Jin , Jiaqi Wang

In this paper, we propose a unified pre-training approach called UniSpeech to learn speech representations with both unlabeled and labeled data, in which supervised phonetic CTC learning and phonetically-aware contrastive self-supervised…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-06-11 Chengyi Wang , Yu Wu , Yao Qian , Kenichi Kumatani , Shujie Liu , Furu Wei , Michael Zeng , Xuedong Huang

The quality of a multilingual speech recognition system can be improved by adaptation methods if the input language is specified. For systems that can accept multilingual inputs, the popular approach is to apply a language identifier to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-05-05 Van Huy Nguyen , Thi Quynh Khanh Dinh , Truong Thinh Nguyen , Dang Khoa Mac

We propose a scalable Bayesian preference learning method for jointly predicting the preferences of individuals as well as the consensus of a crowd from pairwise labels. Peoples' opinions often differ greatly, making it difficult to predict…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-13 Edwin Simpson , Iryna Gurevych