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To quickly solve new tasks in complex environments, intelligent agents need to build up reusable knowledge. For example, a learned world model captures knowledge about the environment that applies to new tasks. Similarly, skills capture…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Kevin Xie , Homanga Bharadhwaj , Danijar Hafner , Animesh Garg , Florian Shkurti

The ability to plan into the future while utilizing only raw high-dimensional observations, such as images, can provide autonomous agents with broad capabilities. Visual model-based reinforcement learning (RL) methods that plan future…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-10 Oleh Rybkin , Chuning Zhu , Anusha Nagabandi , Kostas Daniilidis , Igor Mordatch , Sergey Levine

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models offer a unified framework for robotic perception and control, but their ability to scale to real-world, long-horizon tasks is limited by the high computational cost of attention and the large memory…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-25 Wanshun Xu , Long Zhuang , Lianlei Shan

Video diffusion models have recently shown promise for world modeling through autoregressive frame prediction conditioned on actions. However, they struggle to maintain long-term memory due to the high computational cost associated with…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Ryan Po , Yotam Nitzan , Richard Zhang , Berlin Chen , Tri Dao , Eli Shechtman , Gordon Wetzstein , Xun Huang

Planning is a powerful approach to reinforcement learning with several desirable properties. However, it requires a model of the world, which is not readily available in many real-life problems. In this paper, we propose to learn a world…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-24 Thor V. A. N. Olesen , Dennis T. T. Nguyen , Rasmus Berg Palm , Sebastian Risi

In recent years, Transformers have achieved remarkable progress in computer vision tasks. However, their global modeling often comes with substantial computational overhead, in stark contrast to the human eye's efficient information…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-11 Yuguang Zhang , Qihang Fan , Huaibo Huang

Autoregressive language models trained with next-token prediction generate text by sampling one discrete token at a time. Although very scalable, this objective forces the model to commit at every step, preventing it from exploring or…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Lorenzo Noci , Gregor Bachmann , Seyed-Mohsen Moosavi-Dezfooli , Moin Nabi

Artificial intelligence workloads, especially transformer models, exhibit emergent sparsity in which computations perform selective sparse access to dense data. The workloads are inefficient on hardware designed for dense computations and…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2024-02-23 Brian Wheatman , Meghana Madhyastha , Randal Burns

Existing approaches for improving the efficiency of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) are largely based on the concept of visual token reduction. This approach, however, creates an information bottleneck that impairs performance,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-25 Adrian Bulat , Alberto Baldrati , Ioannis Maniadis Metaxas , Yassine Ouali , Georgios Tzimiropoulos

The quadratic complexity of self-attention in Transformer models remains a significant bottleneck for processing long sequences and deploying large language models efficiently. For this approach, there has been significant research into…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Spandan Pratyush

Video world models have attracted significant attention for their ability to produce high-fidelity future visual observations conditioned on past observations and navigation actions. Temporally- and spatially-consistent, long-term world…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Yuta Oshima , Yusuke Iwasawa , Masahiro Suzuki , Yutaka Matsuo , Hiroki Furuta

We propose the use of latent space generative world models to address the covariate shift problem in autonomous driving. A world model is a neural network capable of predicting an agent's next state given past states and actions. By…

Autonomous driving requires reasoning about how the environment evolves and planning actions accordingly. Existing world-model-based approaches typically predict future scenes first and plan afterwards, resulting in open-loop imagination…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Qiqi Liu , Huan Xu , Jingyu Li , Bin Sun , Zhihui Hao , Dangen She , Xiatian Zhu , Li Zhang

Advanced autoregressive (AR) video generation models have improved visual fidelity and interactivity, but the quadratic complexity of attention remains a primary bottleneck for efficient deployment. While existing sparse attention solutions…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Chengtao Lv , Yumeng Shi , Yushi Huang , Ruihao Gong , Shen Ren , Wenya Wang

This paper addresses non-prehensile rearrangement planning problems where a robot is tasked to rearrange objects among obstacles on a planar surface. We present an efficient planning algorithm that is designed to impose few assumptions on…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-01-14 Joshua A. Haustein , Isac Arnekvist , Johannes Stork , Kaiyu Hang , Danica Kragic

Deliberating on large or continuous state spaces have been long standing challenges in reinforcement learning. Temporal Abstraction have somewhat made this possible, but efficiently planing using temporal abstraction still remains an issue.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-03-21 Peeyush Kumar , Doina Precup

Large vision-language models (VLMs) enable joint processing of text and images. However, incorporating vision data significantly increases the prompt length, resulting in a longer time to first token (TTFT). This bottleneck can be…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-02 Tharun Adithya Srikrishnan , Deval Shah , Timothy Hein , Ahmed Hasssan , Stephen Youn , Steven K. Reinhardt

Advancements in computer vision research have put transformer architecture as the state of the art in computer vision tasks. One of the known drawbacks of the transformer architecture is the high number of parameters, this can lead to a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-03-08 Krisna Pinasthika , Blessius Sheldo Putra Laksono , Riyandi Banovbi Putera Irsal , Syifa Hukma Shabiyya , Novanto Yudistira

Motion planning framed as optimisation in structured latent spaces has recently emerged as competitive with traditional methods in terms of planning success while significantly outperforming them in terms of computational speed. However,…

Robotics · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Jun Yamada , Chia-Man Hung , Jack Collins , Ioannis Havoutis , Ingmar Posner

Transformers' quadratic complexity with respect to the input sequence length has motivated a body of work on efficient sparse approximations to softmax. An alternative path, used by entmax transformers, consists of having built-in exact…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-04-22 Marcos Treviso , António Góis , Patrick Fernandes , Erick Fonseca , André F. T. Martins