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Despite the rapid progress of Vision-Language Models (VLMs), their capabilities are inadequately assessed by existing benchmarks, which are predominantly English-centric, feature simplistic layouts, and support limited tasks. Consequently,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-14 Ketong Chen , Yuhao Chen , Yang Xue

Information extraction (IE) for visually-rich documents (VRDs) has achieved SOTA performance recently thanks to the adaptation of Transformer-based language models, which shows the great potential of pre-training methods. In this paper, we…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-07-07 Tuan-Anh D. Nguyen , Hieu M. Vu , Nguyen Hong Son , Minh-Tien Nguyen

Extracting meaningful entities belonging to predefined categories from Visually-rich Form-like Documents (VFDs) is a challenging task. Visual and layout features such as font, background, color, and bounding box location and size provide…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Hao Wang , Xiahua Chen , Rui Wang , Chenhui Chu

The use of visually-rich documents (VRDs) in various fields has created a demand for Document AI models that can read and comprehend documents like humans, which requires the overcoming of technical, linguistic, and cognitive barriers.…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-10-24 Hao Wang , Qingxuan Wang , Yue Li , Changqing Wang , Chenhui Chu , Rui Wang

Businesses need to query visually rich documents (VRDs) like receipts, medical records, and insurance forms to make decisions. Existing techniques for extracting entities from VRDs struggle with new layouts or require extensive pre-training…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-07-10 Thanh-Dat Nguyen , Tung Do-Viet , Hung Nguyen-Duy , Tuan-Hai Luu , Hung Le , Bach Le , Patanamon , Thongtanunam

Transforming documents into machine-processable representations is a challenging task due to their complex structures and variability in formats. Recovering the layout structure and content from PDF files or scanned material has remained a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Christoph Auer , Ahmed Nassar , Maksym Lysak , Michele Dolfi , Nikolaos Livathinos , Peter Staar

Visually-rich Document Understanding (VrDU) has attracted much research attention over the past years. Pre-trained models on a large number of document images with transformer-based backbones have led to significant performance gains in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-06-12 Yi Tu , Ya Guo , Huan Chen , Jinyang Tang

Recent efforts of multimodal Transformers have improved Visually Rich Document Understanding (VrDU) tasks via incorporating visual and textual information. However, existing approaches mainly focus on fine-grained elements such as words and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-09-20 Wenjin Wang , Zhengjie Huang , Bin Luo , Qianglong Chen , Qiming Peng , Yinxu Pan , Weichong Yin , Shikun Feng , Yu Sun , Dianhai Yu , Yin Zhang

Document parsing (DP) transforms unstructured or semi-structured documents into structured, machine-readable representations, enabling downstream applications such as knowledge base construction and retrieval-augmented generation (RAG).…

The surge in video and social media content underscores the need for a deeper understanding of multimedia data. Most of the existing mature video understanding techniques perform well with short formats and content that requires only…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-20 Yuanxing Xu , Yuting Wei , Bin Wu

Information extraction (IE) from documents is an intensive area of research with a large set of industrial applications. Current state-of-the-art methods focus on scanned documents with approaches combining computer vision, natural language…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-08-16 Ismail Oussaid , William Vanhuffel , Pirashanth Ratnamogan , Mhamed Hajaiej , Alexis Mathey , Thomas Gilles

Accurately extracting structured content from PDFs is a critical first step for NLP over scientific papers. Recent work has improved extraction accuracy by incorporating elementary layout information, e.g., each token's 2D position on the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-01-06 Zejiang Shen , Kyle Lo , Lucy Lu Wang , Bailey Kuehl , Daniel S. Weld , Doug Downey

In the contemporary era of widespread online recruitment, resume understanding has been widely acknowledged as a fundamental and crucial task, which aims to extract structured information from resume documents automatically. Compared to the…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-23 Feihu Jiang , Chuan Qin , Jingshuai Zhang , Kaichun Yao , Xi Chen , Dazhong Shen , Chen Zhu , Hengshu Zhu , Hui Xiong

The field of visually-rich document understanding, which involves interacting with visually-rich documents (whether scanned or born-digital), is rapidly evolving and still lacks consensus on several key aspects of the processing pipeline.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-11 Camille Barboule , Benjamin Piwowarski , Yoan Chabot

Domain-specific Visually Rich Document Understanding (VRDU) presents significant challenges due to the complexity and sensitivity of documents in fields such as medicine, finance, and material science. Existing Large (Multimodal) Language…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-30 Yihao Ding , Soyeon Caren Han , Yanbei Jiang , Yan Li , Zechuan Li , Yifan Peng

Industrial diagrams such as piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs) are essential for the design, operation, and maintenance of industrial plants. Converting these diagrams into digital form is an important step toward building digital…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Sanjukta Ghosh

This paper presents Deep Retinal Image Understanding (DRIU), a unified framework of retinal image analysis that provides both retinal vessel and optic disc segmentation. We make use of deep Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), which have…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2016-11-17 Kevis-Kokitsi Maninis , Jordi Pont-Tuset , Pablo Arbeláez , Luc Van Gool

This paper proposes LayoutLLM, a more flexible document analysis method for understanding imaged documents. Visually Rich Document Understanding tasks, such as document image classification and information extraction, have gained…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Masato Fujitake

We propose a novel end-to-end document understanding model called SeRum (SElective Region Understanding Model) for extracting meaningful information from document images, including document analysis, retrieval, and office automation. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-06 Haoyu Cao , Changcun Bao , Chaohu Liu , Huang Chen , Kun Yin , Hao Liu , Yinsong Liu , Deqiang Jiang , Xing Sun

Visually rich documents (VRDs) challenge retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) with layout-dependent semantics, brittle OCR, and evidence spread across complex figures and structured tables. This survey examines how Multimodal Large Language…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2026-01-08 Xiantao Zhang