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Large language models have revolutionized natural language processing with their surprising capability to understand and generate human-like text. However, many of these models inherit and further amplify the biases present in their…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-02 Rajeev Kumar , Harishankar Kumar , Kumari Shalini

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are pre-trained on ultra-large-scale corpora, the problem of data contamination is becoming increasingly serious, and there is a risk that static evaluation benchmarks overestimate the performance of LLMs. To…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-13 Yang Fan

Despite the ability to train capable LLMs, the methodology for maintaining their relevancy and rectifying errors remains elusive. To this end, the past few years have witnessed a surge in techniques for editing LLMs, the objective of which…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-01 Yunzhi Yao , Peng Wang , Bozhong Tian , Siyuan Cheng , Zhoubo Li , Shumin Deng , Huajun Chen , Ningyu Zhang

Knowledge Graphs are a widely used method to represent relations between entities in various AI applications, and Graph Embedding has rapidly become a standard technique to represent Knowledge Graphs in such a way as to facilitate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-02 Zhijin Guo , Zhaozhen Xu , Martha Lewis , Nello Cristianini

Large language models (LLMs) embed extensive knowledge and utilize it to perform exceptionally well across various tasks. Nevertheless, outdated knowledge or factual errors within LLMs can lead to misleading or incorrect responses, causing…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-21 Li Zeng , Yingyu Shan , Zeming Liu , Jiashu Yao , Yuhang Guo

In an age characterized by the proliferation of mis- and disinformation online, it is critical to empower readers to understand the content they are reading. Important efforts in this direction rely on manual or automatic fact-checking,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-17 Zain Muhammad Mujahid , Dilshod Azizov , Maha Tufail Agro , Preslav Nakov

Model editing aims to correct errors in large, pretrained models without altering unrelated behaviors. While some recent works have edited vision-language models (VLMs), no existing editors tackle reasoning-heavy tasks, which typically…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Jiaxing Qiu , Kaihua Hou , Roxana Daneshjou , Ahmed Alaa , Thomas Hartvigsen

The ability of Large Language Models (LLMs) to precisely follow complex and fine-grained lexical instructions is a cornerstone of their utility and controllability. However, evaluating this capability remains a significant challenge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Huimin Ren , Yan Liang , Baiqiao Su , Chaobo Sun , Hengtong Lu , Kaike Zhang , Chen Wei

Machine unlearning aims to remove unwanted information from a model, but many methods are inefficient for LLMs with large numbers of parameters or fail to fully remove the intended information without degrading performance on knowledge that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-25 Shariqah Hossain , Lalana Kagal

Mastering medical knowledge is crucial for medical-specific LLMs. However, despite the existence of medical benchmarks like MedQA, a unified framework that fully leverages existing knowledge bases to evaluate LLMs' mastery of medical…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-10-03 Yuxuan Zhou , Xien Liu , Chen Ning , Xiao Zhang , Ji Wu

Large Language Models (LLMs) are widely deployed in downstream tasks, but keeping their knowledge up-to-date via retraining or fine-tuning is often computationally expensive. Model editing provides a more efficient alternative by updating a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-02 Bhiman Kumar Baghel , Emma Jordan , Zheyuan Ryan Shi , Xiang Lorraine Li

Recent advances in AI-generated content (AIGC) have significantly accelerated image editing techniques, driving increasing demand for diverse and fine-grained edits. Despite these advances, existing image editing methods still face…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Shuyu Wang , Weiqi Li , Qian Wang , Shijie Zhao , Jian Zhang

Reliable evaluation is essential in machine learning research, yet methodological flaws-particularly data leakage-continue to undermine the validity of reported results. In this work, we investigate whether large language models (LLMs) can…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-04-17 Domonkos Varga

Large Multi-modality Models (LMMs) have made significant progress in visual understanding and generation, but they still face challenges in General Visual Editing, particularly in following complex instructions, preserving appearance…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-28 Xiangyu Zhao , Peiyuan Zhang , Kexian Tang , Xiaorong Zhu , Hao Li , Wenhao Chai , Zicheng Zhang , Renqiu Xia , Guangtao Zhai , Junchi Yan , Hua Yang , Xue Yang , Haodong Duan

Query expansion methods powered by large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated effectiveness in zero-shot retrieval tasks. These methods assume that LLMs can generate hypothetical documents that, when incorporated into a query vector,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-05 Yejun Yoon , Jaeyoon Jung , Seunghyun Yoon , Kunwoo Park

Large language models show impressive abilities in memorizing world knowledge, which leads to concerns regarding memorization of private information, toxic or sensitive knowledge, and copyrighted content. We introduce the problem of Large…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-18 Yu Wang , Ruihan Wu , Zexue He , Xiusi Chen , Julian McAuley

Model editing aims to correct inaccurate knowledge, update outdated information, and incorporate new data into Large Language Models (LLMs) without the need for retraining. This task poses challenges in lifelong scenarios where edits must…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-17 Qizhou Chen , Chengyu Wang , Dakan Wang , Taolin Zhang , Wangyue Li , Xiaofeng He

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle with dynamic knowledge updates, especially when new information conflicts with deeply embedded facts. Such conflicting factual edits often lead to two critical issues: resistance to adopting the new…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Stanley Ngugi

Knowledge editing has become a promising approach for efficiently and precisely updating knowledge embedded in large language models (LLMs). In this work, we focus on Same-Subject Editing, which involves modifying multiple attributes of a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Zenghao Duan , Wenbin Duan , Zhiyi Yin , Yinghan Shen , Shaoling Jing , Jie Zhang , Huawei Shen , Xueqi Cheng

We call into question the recently popularized method of direct model editing as a means of correcting factual errors in LLM generations. We contrast model editing with three similar but distinct approaches that pursue better defined…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-10-19 Yuval Pinter , Michael Elhadad