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Single sign-on (SSO) allows a user to maintain only the credential for an identity provider (IdP) to log into multiple relying parties (RPs). However, SSO introduces privacy threats, as (a) a curious IdP could track a user's all visits to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-03-27 Chengqian Guo , Jingqiang Lin , Quanwei Cai , Wei Wang , Wentian Zhu , Jiwu Jing , Qiongxiao Wang , Bin Zhao , Fengjun Li

Single sign-on (SSO) systems, such as OpenID and OAuth, allow web sites, so-called relying parties (RPs), to delegate user authentication to identity providers (IdPs), such as Facebook or Google. These systems are very popular, as they…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-08-10 Daniel Fett , Ralf Kuesters , Guido Schmitz

The number of login options on web sites has increased since the introduction of web single sign-on (SSO) protocols. Web SSO services allow users to grant web sites or relying parties (RPs) access to their personal profile information from…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Srivathsan G. Morkonda , Sonia Chiasson , Paul C. van Oorschot

This paper presents a privacy-preserving protocol for identity registration and information sharing in federated authentication systems. The goal is to enable Identity Providers (IdPs) to detect duplicate or fraudulent identity enrollments…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Francesco Buccafurri , Carmen Licciardi

Single Sign-On (SSO) systems simplify login procedures by using an an Identity Provider (IdP) to issue authentication tokens which can be consumed by Service Providers (SPs). Traditionally, IdPs are modeled as trusted third parties. This is…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2014-12-05 Christian Mainka , Vladislav Mladenov , Jörg Schwenk

Web-based single sign-on (SSO) services such as Google Sign-In and Log In with Paypal are based on the OpenID Connect protocol. This protocol enables so-called relying parties to delegate user authentication to so-called identity providers.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Daniel Fett , Ralf Kuesters , Guido Schmitz

User profiling is a critical component of adaptive risk-based authentication, yet it raises significant privacy concerns, particularly when handling sensitive data. Profiling involves collecting and aggregating various user features,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-05 Yaser Baseri , Abdelhakim Senhaji Hafid , Dimitrios Makrakis

BrowserID is a complex, real-world Single Sign-On (SSO) System for web applications recently developed by Mozilla. It employs new HTML5 features (such as web messaging and web storage) and cryptographic assertions to provide decentralized…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-31 Daniel Fett , Ralf Kuesters , Guido Schmitz

OpenID Connect (OIDC) is a widely used authentication standard for the Web. In this work, we define a new Identity Certification Token (ICT) for OIDC. An ICT can be thought of as a JSON-based, short-lived user certificate for end-to-end…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-06-13 Jonas Primbs , Michael Menth

User authentication is one of the most important aspects for secure communication between services and end-users over the Internet. Service providers leverage Single-Sign On (SSO) to make it easier for their users to authenticate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Kaustabh Barman , Fabian Piper , Sanjeet Raj Pandey , Axel Kuepper

Many millions of users routinely use their Google accounts to log in to relying party (RP) websites supporting the Google OpenID Connect service. OpenID Connect, a newly standardised single-sign-on protocol, builds an identity layer on top…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-08-10 Wanpeng Li , Chris J Mitchell

The Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI) paradigm is instrumental for decentralised identity management, allowing an entity to create, manage, and present their digital credentials without relying on centralised authorities. Credential selective…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-14 Elia Onofri , Andrea De Salve , Paolo Mori , Laura Emilia Maria Ricci , Roberto Di Pietro

Web3's decentralised infrastructure has upended the standardised approach to digital identity established by protocols like OpenID Connect. Web2 and Web3 currently operate in silos, with Web2 leveraging selective disclosure JSON web tokens…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Ben Biedermann , Matthew Scerri , Victoria Kozlova , Joshua Ellul

We introduce EL PASSO, a privacy-preserving, asynchronous Single Sign-On (SSO) system. It enables personal authentication while protecting users' privacy against both identity providers and relying parties, and allows selective attribute…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-06-15 Zhiyi Zhang , Michał Król , Alberto Sonnino , Lixia Zhang , Etienne Rivière

OAuth is the new de facto standard for delegating authorization in the web. An important limitation of OAuth is the fact that it was designed for authorization and not for authentication. The usage of OAuth for authentication thus leads to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2016-01-08 Vladislav Mladenov , Christian Mainka , Jörg Schwenk

Many millions of users routinely use their Google, Facebook and Microsoft accounts to log in to websites supporting OAuth 2.0 and/or OpenID Connect-based single sign on. The security of OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect is therefore of critical…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2018-01-25 Wanpeng Li , Chris J Mitchell , Thomas Chen

OAuth 2.0 is a popular authorization framework that allows third-party clients such as websites and mobile apps to request limited access to a user's account on another application. The specification classifies clients into different types…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-08-03 Jaimandeep Singh , Naveen Kumar Chaudhary

Self-Sovereign Identity (SSI), as a new and promising identity management paradigm, needs mechanisms that can ease a gradual transition of existing services and developers towards it. Systems that bridge the gap between SSI and established…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-01-19 Felix Hoops , Florian Matthes

Millions of users routinely use Google to log in to websites supporting OAuth 2.0 or OpenID Connect; the security of OAuth 2.0 and OpenID Connect is therefore of critical importance. As revealed in previous studies, in practice RPs often…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2019-01-28 Wanpeng Li , Chris J Mitchell , Thomas Chen

Implicit authentication consists of a server authenticating a user based on the user's usage profile, instead of/in addition to relying on something the user explicitly knows (passwords, private keys, etc.). While implicit authentication…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2015-03-03 Josep Domingo-Ferrer , Qianhong Wu , Alberto Blanco-Justicia
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