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Steady-State Visual Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs) are neural oscillations from the parietal and occipital regions of the brain that are evoked from flickering visual stimuli. SSVEPs are robust signals measurable in the electroencephalogram…

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) implement a direct communication pathway between the brain of an user and an external device, as a computer or a machine in general. One of the most used brain responses to implement non-invasive BCIs is the…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2016-11-16 Enrico Calore

Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) recognition methods are equipped with learning from the subject's calibration data, and they can achieve extra high performance in the SSVEP-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs), however their…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-19 Vangelis P. Oikonomou

Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) based on Steady State Visually Evoked Potentials (SSVEPs) have proven effective and provide significant accuracy and information-transfer rates. This family of strategies, however, requires external devices…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-26 Arturo Micheli , Davide Consoli , Adrien Merlini , Paolo Ricci , Francesco P. Andriulli

A brain-computer interface (BCI) facilitates direct communication between the brain and external equipment through EEG, which is preferred for its superior temporal resolution. Among EEG techniques, the steady-state visual evoked potential…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Saif Bashar , Samia Nasir Nira , Shabbir Mahmood , Md. Humaun Kabir , Sujit Roy , Iffat Farhana

This paper presents an embedded EEG instrumentation platform for real-time steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP) decoding based on an ESP32-S3 microcontroller and an ADS1299 analog front end. The system performs $8$-channel EEG…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Manh-Dat Nguyen , Thomas Do , Nguyen Thanh Trung Le , Xuan-The Tran , Fred Chang , Chin-Teng Lin

In brain-computer interface (BCI) systems, steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP) and P300 responses have achieved widespread implementation owing to their superior information transfer rates (ITR) and minimal training requirements.…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Ekgari Kasawala , Surej Mouli

Recent advancements in Electroencephalography (EEG) sensor technologies and signal processing algorithms have paved the way for further evolution of Brain Computer Interfaces (BCI). When it comes to Signal Processing (SP) for BCI, there has…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-01-04 Raika Karimi , Arash Mohammadi , Amir Asif , Habib Benali

Steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEP) brain-computer interface (BCI) provides reliable responses leading to high accuracy and information throughput. But achieving high accuracy typically requires a relatively long time window of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-05-13 Aung Aung Phyo Wai , Yangsong Zhang , Heng Guo , Ying Chi , Lei Zhang , Xian-Sheng Hua , Seong Whan Lee , Cuntai Guan

Recently, substantial progress has been made in the area of Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) using modern machine learning techniques to decode and interpret brain signals. While Electroencephalography (EEG) has provided a non-invasive method…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-10-26 Nik Khadijah Nik Aznan , Amir Atapour-Abarghouei , Stephen Bonner , Jason D. Connolly , Toby P. Breckon

The steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) is one of the most widely used modalities in brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) due to its many advantages. However, the existence of harmonics and the limited range of responsive frequencies…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2021-08-12 Jing Mu , David B. Grayden , Ying Tan , Denny Oetomo

Steady State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) methods for brain computer interfaces (BCI) are popular due to higher information transfer rate and easier setup with minimal training, compared to alternative methods. With precisely generated…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Surej Mouli , Ramaswamy Palaniappan , Emmanuel Molefi , Ian McLoughlin

Steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP) is one of the most commonly used control signal in the brain-computer interface (BCI) systems. However, the conventional spatial filtering methods for SSVEP classification highly depend on the…

Neurons and Cognition · Quantitative Biology 2022-10-11 Jianbo Chen , Yangsong Zhang , Yudong Pan , Peng Xu , Cuntai Guan

Objective: This study aims to establish a generalized transfer-learning framework for boosting the performance of steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) by leveraging cross-domain data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-11 Kuan-Jung Chiang , Chun-Shu Wei , Masaki Nakanishi , Tzyy-Ping Jung

Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP) spellers are a promising communication tool for individuals with disabilities. This Brain-Computer Interface utilizes scalp potential data from (electroencephalography) EEG electrodes on a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Joseph Zhang , Ruiming Zhang , Kipngeno Koech , David Hill , Kateryna Shapovalenko

Brain-Computer interfaces (BCIs) play a significant role in easing neuromuscular patients on controlling computers and prosthetics. Due to their high signal-to-noise ratio, steady-state visually evoked potentials (SSVEPs) has been widely…

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) have been gaining momentum in making human-computer interaction more natural, especially for people with neuro-muscular disabilities. Among the existing solutions the systems relying on electroencephalograms…

Steady-state visual-evoked potential (SSVEP)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) offer a non-invasive means of communication through high-speed speller systems. However, their efficiency heavily relies on individual training data…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-11-22 Sung-Yu Chen , Chi-Min Chang , Kuan-Jung Chiang , Chun-Shu Wei

In this study, a novel open-source brain-computer interface (BCI) platform was developed to decode scalp electroencephalography (EEG) signals associated with sustained attention. The EEG signal collection was conducted using a wireless…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-05-08 Maryam Norouzi , Mohammad Zaeri Amirani , Yalda Shahriari , Reza Abiri

Non-invasive Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) based on Code-Modulated Visual Evoked Potentials (C-VEPs) require highly robust decoding methods to address temporal variability and session-dependent noise in EEG signals. This study proposes…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-12-01 Kiran Nair , Hubert Cecotti
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