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While much work has been devoted to understanding the implicit (and explicit) regularization of deep nonlinear networks in the supervised setting, this paper focuses on unsupervised learning, i.e., autoencoders are trained with the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-25 Harald Steck , Dario Garcia Garcia

The generalization mystery of overparametrized deep nets has motivated efforts to understand how gradient descent (GD) converges to low-loss solutions that generalize well. Real-life neural networks are initialized from small random values…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-11-10 Kaifeng Lyu , Zhiyuan Li , Runzhe Wang , Sanjeev Arora

How to train deep neural networks (DNNs) to generalize well is a central concern in deep learning, especially for severely overparameterized networks nowadays. In this paper, we propose an effective method to improve the model…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Yang Zhao , Hao Zhang , Xiuyuan Hu

The data consistency for the physical forward model is crucial in inverse problems, especially in MR imaging reconstruction. The standard way is to unroll an iterative algorithm into a neural network with a forward model embedded. The…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-06-28 Guanxiong Luo , Mengmeng Kuang , Peng Cao

We show that the gradient descent algorithm provides an implicit regularization effect in the learning of over-parameterized matrix factorization models and one-hidden-layer neural networks with quadratic activations. Concretely, we show…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-15 Yuanzhi Li , Tengyu Ma , Hongyang Zhang

Many modern learning tasks involve fitting nonlinear models to data which are trained in an overparameterized regime where the parameters of the model exceed the size of the training dataset. Due to this overparameterization, the training…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2018-12-27 Samet Oymak , Mahdi Soltanolkotabi

Modern regression problems often involve high-dimensional data and a careful tuning of the regularization hyperparameters is crucial to avoid overly complex models that may overfit the training data while guaranteeing desirable properties…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-04-08 Maria-Florina Balcan , Saumya Goyal , Dravyansh Sharma

Neural networks have been very successful in many applications; we often, however, lack a theoretical understanding of what the neural networks are actually learning. This problem emerges when trying to generalise to new data sets. The…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2022-11-22 Matthew Thorpe , Yves van Gennip

In this paper, we consider one dimensional (shallow) ReLU neural networks in which weights are chosen randomly and only the terminal layer is trained. First, we mathematically show that for such networks L2-regularized regression…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-10-05 Jakob Heiss , Josef Teichmann , Hanna Wutte

In this paper, we theoretically prove that gradient descent can find a global minimum of non-convex optimization of all layers for nonlinear deep neural networks of sizes commonly encountered in practice. The theory developed in this paper…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-06-18 Kenji Kawaguchi , Jiaoyang Huang

Overfitting is one of the most critical challenges in deep neural networks, and there are various types of regularization methods to improve generalization performance. Injecting noises to hidden units during training, e.g., dropout, is…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-11-10 Hyeonwoo Noh , Tackgeun You , Jonghwan Mun , Bohyung Han

The role of $L^2$ regularization, in the specific case of deep neural networks rather than more traditional machine learning models, is still not fully elucidated. We hypothesize that this complex interplay is due to the combination of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-02-11 Pierre H. Richemond , Yike Guo

We theoretically analyze the Feedback Alignment (FA) algorithm, an efficient alternative to backpropagation for training neural networks. We provide convergence guarantees with rates for deep linear networks for both continuous and discrete…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-22 Manuela Girotti , Ioannis Mitliagkas , Gauthier Gidel

Regularization plays an important role in generalization of deep neural networks, which are often prone to overfitting with their numerous parameters. L1 and L2 regularizers are common regularization tools in machine learning with their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-10-21 Dae Hoon Park , Chiu Man Ho , Yi Chang , Huaqing Zhang

In this paper, we leverage over-parameterization to design regularization-free algorithms for the high-dimensional single index model and provide theoretical guarantees for the induced implicit regularization phenomenon. Specifically, we…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2021-11-18 Jianqing Fan , Zhuoran Yang , Mengxin Yu

Residual neural networks are state-of-the-art deep learning models. Their continuous-depth analog, neural ordinary differential equations (ODEs), are also widely used. Despite their success, the link between the discrete and continuous…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2024-07-08 Pierre Marion , Yu-Han Wu , Michael E. Sander , Gérard Biau

The analysis of neural network training beyond their linearization regime remains an outstanding open question, even in the simplest setup of a single hidden-layer. The limit of infinitely wide networks provides an appealing route forward…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-19 Jaume de Dios , Joan Bruna

Deep linear networks trained with gradient descent yield low rank solutions, as is typically studied in matrix factorization. In this paper, we take a step further and analyze implicit rank regularization in autoencoders. We show greedy…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-07-06 Shih-Yu Sun , Vimal Thilak , Etai Littwin , Omid Saremi , Joshua M. Susskind

Establishing a theoretical analysis that explains why deep learning can outperform shallow learning such as kernel methods is one of the biggest issues in the deep learning literature. Towards answering this question, we evaluate excess…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2020-12-08 Taiji Suzuki , Shunta Akiyama

Recently, significant progress has been made in understanding the generalization of neural networks (NNs) trained by gradient descent (GD) using the algorithmic stability approach. However, most of the existing research has focused on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Puyu Wang , Yunwen Lei , Di Wang , Yiming Ying , Ding-Xuan Zhou
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