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Short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is the most common window-based approach for analyzing the spectrotemporal dynamics of time series. To mitigate the effects of high variance on the spectral estimates due to finite-length, independent…

Applications · Statistics 2022-01-19 Andrew H. Song , Seong-Eun Kim , Emery N. Brown

Simulating the long-term dynamics of multi-scale and multi-physics systems poses a significant challenge in understanding complex phenomena across science and engineering. The complexity arises from the intricate interactions between scales…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-22 Da Long , Shandian Zhe , Samuel Williams , Leonid Oliker , Zhe Bai

Time-frequency (TF) representation of non-stationary signals typically requires the effective concentration of energy distribution along the instantaneous frequency (IF) ridge, which exhibits intrinsic sparsity. Inspired by the sparse…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-01-15 Zongyue Yang , Baoqing Ding , Shibin Wang , Chuang Sun , Xuefeng Chen

In this paper we investigate new results on the theory of superoscillations using time-frequency analysis tools and techniques such as the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and the Zak transform. We start by studying how the short-time…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2024-07-18 Daniel Alpay , Antonino De Martino , Kamal Diki , Daniele C. Struppa

The synchrosqueezing transform (SST) was developed recently to separate the components of non-stationary multicomponent signals. The continuous wavelet transform-based SST (WSST) reassigns the scale variable of the continuous wavelet…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-08-26 Jian Lu , Qingtang Jiang , Lin Li

The short-time Fourier transform (STFT) represents a window of audio samples as a set of complex coefficients. These are advantageously viewed as magnitudes and phases and the overall distribution of phases is very often assumed to be…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-16 Stephen D. Voran

An adaptive time-frequency representation (TFR) with higher energy concentration usually requires higher complexity. Recently, a low-complexity adaptive short-time Fourier transform (ASTFT) based on the chirp rate has been proposed. To…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2017-05-26 Soo-Chang Pei , Shih-Gu Huang

This paper addresses the task of anomaly diagnosis when the underlying data generation process has a complex spatio-temporal (ST) dependency. The key technical challenge is to extract actionable insights from the dependency tensor…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Jokin Labaien , Tsuyoshi Idé , Pin-Yu Chen , Ekhi Zugasti , Xabier De Carlos

We propose to combine cepstrum and nonlinear time-frequency (TF) analysis to study mutiple component oscillatory signals with time-varying frequency and amplitude and with time-varying non-sinusoidal oscillatory pattern. The concept of…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2016-11-23 Chen-Yun Lin , Li Su , Hau-tieng Wu

The short-time Fourier transform (STFT) is widely used to analyze the spectra of temporal signals that vary through time. Signals defined over graphs, due to their intrinsic complexity, exhibit large variations in their patterns. In this…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2016-01-27 Mariano Tepper , Guillermo Sapiro

This contribution is a follow-up of a recent paper by the authors on adaptive, non-linear time-frequency transforms, focusing on the STFT based transforms. The adaptivity is provided by a focus function, that depends on the analyzed…

Classical Analysis and ODEs · Mathematics 2025-06-11 Pierre Warion , Bruno Torrésani

We develop unified theory and methodology for the inference of evolutionary Fourier power spectra for a general class of locally stationary and possibly nonlinear processes. In particular, simultaneous confidence regions (SCR) with…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2020-04-20 Jun Yang , Zhou Zhou

We provide the foundations of a Hilbert space theory for the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) where the flat tori \begin{equation*} \mathbb{T}_{N}^2=\mathbb{R}^2/(\mathbb{Z}\times N\mathbb{Z})=[0,1]\times \lbrack 0,N] \end{equation*} act…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2023-10-24 Luis Daniel Abreu , Peter Balazs , Nicki Holighaus , Franz Luef , Michael Speckbacher

A class of multivariate spectral representations for real-valued nonstationary random variables is introduced, which is characterised by a general complex Gaussian distribution. In this way, the temporal signal properties -- harmonicity,…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-07-29 Bruno Scalzo , Ljubisa Stankovic , Danilo P. Mandic

We introduce the directional short-time fractional Fourier transform (DSTFRFT) and prove an extended Parseval's identity and a reconstruction formula for it. We also investigate the continuity of both the directional short-time fractional…

Functional Analysis · Mathematics 2025-09-17 Astrit Ferizi , Katerina Hadzi-Velkova Saneva , Snjezana Maksimovic

In this article, analog microwave short-time Fourier transform (STFT) with improved measurement performance is implemented in the optical domain by employing stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and channelization. By jointly using three…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-05-26 Xiaowei Li , Taixia Shi , Dong Ma , Yang Chen

Time-frequency representation (TFR) allowing for mode reconstruction plays a significant role in interpreting and analyzing the nonstationary signal constituted of various modes. However, it is difficult for most previous methods to handle…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2021-09-01 Haijian Zhang , Guang Hua

We consider the classical 1D phase retrieval problem. In order to overcome the difficulties associated with phase retrieval from measurements of the Fourier magnitude, we treat recovery from the magnitude of the short-time Fourier transform…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2015-06-23 Yonina C. Eldar , Pavel Sidorenko , Dustin G. Mixon , Shaby Barel , Oren Cohen

A photonics-based short-time Fourier transform (STFT) system is proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) without using high-frequency electronic devices and equipment. The wavelength of a…

Optics · Physics 2022-12-21 Pengcheng Zuo , Dong Ma , Yang Chen

In this paper, we propose a differentiable version of the short-time Fourier transform (STFT) that allows for gradient-based optimization of the hop length or the frame temporal position by making these parameters continuous. Our approach…

Signal Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2023-08-07 Maxime Leiber , Yosra Marnissi , Axel Barrau , Mohammed El Badaoui