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Knowledge graphs and structural causal models have each proven valuable for organizing biomedical knowledge and estimating causal effects, but remain largely disconnected: knowledge graphs encode qualitative relationships focusing on facts…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Sumyyah Toonsi , Paul Schofield , Robert Hoehndorf

Knowledge graphs represent factual knowledge about the world as relationships between concepts and are critical for intelligent decision making in enterprise applications. New knowledge is inferred from the existing facts in the knowledge…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-04 Peru Bhardwaj

In this paper, we propose a new model to learn Adaptive Kernel-based Representations (AKBR) for graph classification. Unlike state-of-the-art R-convolution graph kernels that are defined by merely counting any pair of isomorphic…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-08-14 Feifei Qian , Lixin Cui , Ming Li , Yue Wang , Hangyuan Du , Lixiang Xu , Lu Bai , Philip S. Yu , Edwin R. Hancock

Foundation models in language and vision have the ability to run inference on any textual and visual inputs thanks to the transferable representations such as a vocabulary of tokens in language. Knowledge graphs (KGs) have different entity…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Mikhail Galkin , Xinyu Yuan , Hesham Mostafa , Jian Tang , Zhaocheng Zhu

Foundation models excel at language, where sentences become tokens, and vision, where images become pixels, because both reduce to discrete symbols on a shared, fixed grid. Knowledge Graphs share the discreteness, but not the geometry.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Kossi Amouzouvi , Robert Wardenga , Jens Lehmann , Sahar Vahdati

Knowledge graphs (KGs) have proven to be effective for high-quality recommendation, where the connectivities between users and items provide rich and complementary information to user-item interactions. Most existing methods, however, are…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2021-09-16 Xiao Sha , Zhu Sun , Jie Zhang

Knowledge graphs (KGs) play a crucial role in many applications, such as question answering, but incompleteness is an urgent issue for their broad application. Much research in knowledge graph completion (KGC) has been performed to resolve…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-01-10 Yinyu Lan , Shizhu He , Kang Liu , Jun Zhao

Knowledge Graphs (KGs), representing facts as triples, have been widely adopted in many applications. Reasoning tasks such as link prediction and rule induction are important for the development of KGs. Knowledge Graph Embeddings (KGEs)…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-12-17 Wen Zhang , Shumin Deng , Mingyang Chen , Liang Wang , Qiang Chen , Feiyu Xiong , Xiangwen Liu , Huajun Chen

Counterfactual explanations offer an intuitive way to interpret graph neural networks (GNNs) by identifying minimal changes that alter a model's prediction, thereby answering "what must differ for a different outcome?". In this work, we…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Yu Zhang , Sean Bin Yang , Arijit Khan , Cuneyt Gurcan Akcora

Sparse Knowledge Graphs (KGs) are commonly encountered in real-world applications, where knowledge is often incomplete or limited. Sparse KG reasoning, the task of inferring missing knowledge over sparse KGs, is inherently challenging due…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-12-16 Yucan Guo , Saiping Guan , Miao Su , Zeya Zhao , Xiaolong Jin , Jiafeng Guo , Xueqi Cheng

Knowledge graph (KG) embeddings have been a mainstream approach for reasoning over incomplete KGs. However, limited by their inherently shallow and static architectures, they can hardly deal with the rising focus on complex logical queries,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-08-17 Xiao Liu , Shiyu Zhao , Kai Su , Yukuo Cen , Jiezhong Qiu , Mengdi Zhang , Wei Wu , Yuxiao Dong , Jie Tang

Knowledge Graphs (KGs) are becoming increasingly essential infrastructures in many applications while suffering from incompleteness issues. The KG completion task (KGC) automatically predicts missing facts based on an incomplete KG.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-18 Weijian Chen , Yixin Cao , Fuli Feng , Xiangnan He , Yongdong Zhang

Reasoning over knowledge graphs (KGs) is a challenging task that requires a deep understanding of the complex relationships between entities and the underlying logic of their relations. Current approaches rely on learning geometries to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Nurendra Choudhary , Chandan K. Reddy

Assumption-Based Argumentation (ABA) is a powerful structured argumentation formalism, but exact computation of extensions under stable semantics is intractable for large frameworks. We present the first Graph Neural Network (GNN) approach…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Preesha Gehlot , Anna Rapberger , Fabrizio Russo , Francesca Toni

Integrating structured knowledge from Knowledge Graphs (KGs) into Large Language Models (LLMs) remains a key challenge for symbolic reasoning. Existing methods mainly rely on prompt engineering or fine-tuning, which lose structural fidelity…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-13 Erica Coppolillo

Knowledge graph completion (KGC) tasks aim to infer missing facts in a knowledge graph (KG) for many knowledge-intensive applications. However, existing embedding-based KGC approaches primarily rely on factual triples, potentially leading…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-10-08 Guanglin Niu , Bo Li , Siling Feng

The recent evolution in Natural Language Processing (NLP) methods, in particular in the field of argumentation mining, has the potential to transform the way we interact with text, supporting the interpretation and analysis of complex…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2023-03-07 Hanadi Mardah , Oskar Wysocki , Markel Vigo , Andre Freitas

A knowledge graph (KG) is a data structure which represents entities and relations as the vertices and edges of a directed graph with edge types. KGs are an important primitive in modern machine learning and artificial intelligence.…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2021-10-20 Michael R. Douglas , Michael Simkin , Omri Ben-Eliezer , Tianqi Wu , Peter Chin , Trung V. Dang , Andrew Wood

In the realm of computational knowledge representation, Knowledge Graph Reasoning (KG-R) stands at the forefront of facilitating sophisticated inferential capabilities across multifarious domains. The quintessence of this research…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-03-12 Chen Li , Haotian Zheng , Yiping Sun , Cangqing Wang , Liqiang Yu , Che Chang , Xinyu Tian , Bo Liu

Knowledge Graph (KG) generation requires models to learn complex semantic dependencies between triples while maintaining domain validity constraints. Unlike link prediction, which scores triples independently, generative models must capture…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-02-09 Thiviyan Thanapalasingam , Antonis Vozikis , Peter Bloem , Paul Groth