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Natural language explanations (NLEs) are a special form of data annotation in which annotators identify rationales (most significant text tokens) when assigning labels to data instances, and write out explanations for the labels in natural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-17 Xinyan Zhao , V. G. Vinod Vydiswaran

Semi-supervised multi-organ medical image segmentation aids physicians in improving disease diagnosis and treatment planning and reduces the time and effort required for organ annotation.Existing state-of-the-art methods train the labeled…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-04 Haochen Zhao , Hui Meng , Deqian Yang , Xiaozheng Xie , Xiaoze Wu , Qingfeng Li , Jianwei Niu

Curating labeled training data has become the primary bottleneck in machine learning. Recent frameworks address this bottleneck with generative models to synthesize labels at scale from weak supervision sources. The generative model's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2017-09-12 Stephen H. Bach , Bryan He , Alexander Ratner , Christopher Ré

Large language models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance on general-purpose tasks, yet adapting them to specific domains remains challenging due to the scarcity of high-quality domain data. Existing data synthesis tools often struggle…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ziyang Miao , Qiyu Sun , Jingyuan Wang , Yuchen Gong , Yaowei Zheng , Shiqi Li , Richong Zhang

Deep learning models for self-driving cars require a diverse training dataset to manage critical driving scenarios on public roads safely. This includes having data from divergent trajectories, such as the oncoming traffic lane or…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-08 Jonathan Schmidt , Qadeer Khan , Daniel Cremers

Training models to high-end performance requires availability of large labeled datasets, which are expensive to get. The goal of our work is to automatically synthesize labeled datasets that are relevant for a downstream task. We propose…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-04-29 Amlan Kar , Aayush Prakash , Ming-Yu Liu , Eric Cameracci , Justin Yuan , Matt Rusiniak , David Acuna , Antonio Torralba , Sanja Fidler

Document-level event argument extraction (DEAE) is essential for knowledge acquisition, aiming to extract participants of events from documents . In the zero-shot setting, existing methods employ LLMs to generate synthetic data to address…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-05 Guangjun Zhang , Hu Zhang , Yazhou Han , Yue Fan , Yuhang Shao , Ru Li , Hongye Tan

Question Answering (QA) is an important part of tasks like text classification through information gathering. These are finding increasing use in sectors like healthcare, customer support, legal services, etc., to collect and classify…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-11-12 Priya Mishra , Suraj Racha , Kaustubh Ponkshe , Adit Akarsh , Ganesh Ramakrishnan

Text-guided image editing and generation methods have diverse real-world applications. However, text-guided infinite image synthesis faces several challenges. First, there is a lack of text-image paired datasets with high-resolution and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-30 Soyeong Kwon , Taegyeong Lee , Taehwan Kim

Lecture slide element detection and retrieval are key problems in slide understanding. Training effective models for these tasks often depends on extensive manual annotation. However, annotating large volumes of lecture slides for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-01 Suyash Maniyar , Vishvesh Trivedi , Ajoy Mondal , Anand Mishra , C. V. Jawahar

Safeguarding the Intellectual Property (IP) of data has become critically important as machine learning applications continue to proliferate, and their success heavily relies on the quality of training data. While various mechanisms exist…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-04-18 Biao Wu , Qiang Huang , Anthony K. H. Tung

Accurate parsing of citation reference strings is crucial to automatically construct scholarly databases such as Google Scholar or Semantic Scholar. Citation field extraction (CFE) is precisely this task---given a reference label which…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2020-06-11 Dung Thai , Zhiyang Xu , Nicholas Monath , Boris Veytsman , Andrew McCallum

Natural language (NL) explanations of model predictions are gaining popularity as a means to understand and verify decisions made by large black-box pre-trained models, for NLP tasks such as Question Answering (QA) and Fact Verification.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-01-01 Kushal Lakhotia , Bhargavi Paranjape , Asish Ghoshal , Wen-tau Yih , Yashar Mehdad , Srinivasan Iyer

Data augmentation is a ubiquitous technique for increasing the size of labeled training sets by leveraging task-specific data transformations that preserve class labels. While it is often easy for domain experts to specify individual…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2018-12-10 Alexander J. Ratner , Henry R. Ehrenberg , Zeshan Hussain , Jared Dunnmon , Christopher Ré

Current deep networks are very data-hungry and benefit from training on largescale datasets, which are often time-consuming to collect and annotate. By contrast, synthetic data can be generated infinitely using generative models such as…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Weijia Wu , Yuzhong Zhao , Hao Chen , Yuchao Gu , Rui Zhao , Yefei He , Hong Zhou , Mike Zheng Shou , Chunhua Shen

Zero-shot domain-specific image classification is challenging in classifying real images without ground-truth in-domain training examples. Recent research involved knowledge from texts with a text-to-image model to generate in-domain…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Shijian Wang , Linxin Song , Ryotaro Shimizu , Masayuki Goto , Hanqian Wu

Although data is abundant, data labeling is expensive. Semi-supervised learning methods combine a few labeled samples with a large corpus of unlabeled data to effectively train models. This paper introduces our proposed method LiDAM, a…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-11-25 Qun Liu , Matthew Shreve , Raja Bala

Zero-shot and prompt-based models have excelled at visual reasoning tasks by leveraging large-scale natural image corpora, but they often fail on sparse and domain-specific scientific image data. We introduce Zenesis, a no-code interactive…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-19 Shubhabrata Mukherjee , Jack Lang , Obeen Kwon , Iryna Zenyuk , Valerie Brogden , Adam Weber , Daniela Ushizima

High-quality instruction-tuning data is crucial for developing Large Language Models (LLMs) that can effectively navigate real-world tasks and follow human instructions. While synthetic data generation offers a scalable approach for…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Shuhaib Mehri , Xiusi Chen , Heng Ji , Dilek Hakkani-Tür

Zero-shot personalized image generation models aim to produce images that align with both a given text prompt and subject image, requiring the model to incorporate both sources of guidance. Existing methods often struggle to capture…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-02 Zicheng Duan , Yuxuan Ding , Chenhui Gou , Ziqin Zhou , Ethan Smith , Lingqiao Liu