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Rule-based models, e.g., decision trees, are widely used in scenarios demanding high model interpretability for their transparent inner structures and good model expressivity. However, rule-based models are hard to optimize, especially on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-10-01 Zhuo Wang , Wei Zhang , Ning Liu , Jianyong Wang

We propose VRAIL (Vectorized Reward-based Attribution for Interpretable Learning), a bi-level framework for value-based reinforcement learning (RL) that learns interpretable weight representations from state features. VRAIL consists of two…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Jina Kim , Youjin Jang , Jeongjin Han

Visualization tools for supervised learning have allowed users to interpret, introspect, and gain intuition for the successes and failures of their models. While reinforcement learning practitioners ask many of the same questions, existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-14 Shuby Deshpande , Jeff Schneider

Recently, there has been increasing interest in transparency and interpretability in Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) systems. Verbal explanations, as the most natural way of communication in our daily life, deserve more attention, since…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2020-12-25 Xinzhi Wang , Huao Li , Hui Zhang , Michael Lewis , Katia Sycara

Recently, deep reinforcement learning (DRL) methods have achieved impressive performance on tasks in a variety of domains. However, neural network policies produced with DRL methods are not human-interpretable and often have difficulty…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-02 Dweep Trivedi , Jesse Zhang , Shao-Hua Sun , Joseph J. Lim

We present Causal Amortized Active Structure Learning (CAASL), an active intervention design policy that can select interventions that are adaptive, real-time and that does not require access to the likelihood. This policy, an amortized…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Yashas Annadani , Panagiotis Tigas , Stefan Bauer , Adam Foster

Comprehending natural language and following human instructions are critical capabilities for intelligent agents. However, the flexibility of linguistic instructions induces substantial ambiguity across language-conditioned tasks, severely…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Runpeng Xie , Quanwei Wang , Hao Hu , Zherui Zhou , Ni Mu , Xiyun Li , Yiqin Yang , Shuang Xu , Qianchuan Zhao , Bo XU

Interpreting RNA-sequencing data requires identifying coordinated gene expression patterns that correspond to biological pathways. Standard factor models provide useful dimension reduction but typically ignore existing pathway knowledge or…

Methodology · Statistics 2026-03-25 Lorenzo Mauri , Federica Stolf , Amy H. Herring , Cameron Miller , David B. Dunson

Signalized intersections are managed by controllers that assign right of way (green, yellow, and red lights) to non-conflicting directions. Optimizing the actuation policy of such controllers is expected to alleviate traffic congestion and…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-02-28 James Ault , Josiah P. Hanna , Guni Sharon

In sequential decision-making problems, Return-Conditioned Supervised Learning (RCSL) has gained increasing recognition for its simplicity and stability in modern decision-making tasks. Unlike traditional offline reinforcement learning (RL)…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-11 Zhishuai Liu , Yu Yang , Ruhan Wang , Pan Xu , Dongruo Zhou

Reinforcement Learning (RL) based methods have been increasingly explored for robot learning. However, RL based methods often suffer from low sampling efficiency in the exploration phase, especially for long-horizon manipulation tasks, and…

Robotics · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Hao Zhang , Hao Wang , Xiucai Huang , Wenrui Chen , Zhen Kan

For applications in healthcare, physics, energy, robotics, and many other fields, designing maximally informative experiments is valuable, particularly when experiments are expensive, time-consuming, or pose safety hazards. While existing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-03-09 Vincent Lim , Ellen Novoseller , Jeffrey Ichnowski , Huang Huang , Ken Goldberg

Mechanical ventilation is a critical life support intervention that delivers controlled air and oxygen to a patient's lungs, assisting or replacing spontaneous breathing. While several data-driven approaches have been proposed to optimize…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-01-10 Joo Seung Lee , Malini Mahendra , Anil Aswani

Safe exploration remains a fundamental challenge in reinforcement learning (RL), limiting the deployment of RL agents in the real world. We propose Sampling-Based Safe Reinforcement Learning (SBSRL), a model-based RL algorithm that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Luca Vignola , Bruce D. Lee , Manish Prajapat , Manuel Wendl , Melanie Zeilinger , Andreas Krause , Yarden As

Rule-based models, e.g., decision trees, are widely used in scenarios demanding high model interpretability for their transparent inner structures and good model expressivity. However, rule-based models are hard to optimize, especially on…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-31 Zhuo Wang , Wei Zhang , Ning Liu , Jianyong Wang

Assembly state recognition facilitates the execution of assembly procedures, offering feedback to enhance efficiency and minimize errors. However, recognizing assembly states poses challenges in scalability, since parts are frequently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-15 Tim J. Schoonbeek , Goutham Balachandran , Hans Onvlee , Tim Houben , Shao-Hsuan Hung , Jacek Kustra , Peter H. N. de With , Fons van der Sommen

The objective of this proposal is to bridge the gap between Deep Learning (DL) and System Dynamics (SD) by developing an interpretable neural system dynamics framework. While DL excels at learning complex models and making accurate…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Riccardo D'Elia

One of the ultimate goals of Artificial Intelligence is to assist humans in complex decision making. A promising direction for achieving this goal is Neuro-Symbolic AI, which aims to combine the interpretability of symbolic techniques with…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Daniel Cunnington , Mark Law , Jorge Lobo , Alessandra Russo

Visual reasoning is crucial for understanding complex multimodal data and advancing Artificial General Intelligence. Existing methods enhance the reasoning capability of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) through Reinforcement…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-07 Chaoyang Wang , Zeyu Zhang , Meng Meng , Xu Zhou , Haiyun Jiang

We consider the challenging problem of using domain knowledge to improve deep reinforcement learning policies. To this end, we propose LEGIBLE, a novel approach, following a multi-step process, which starts by mining rules from a deep RL…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-03-13 Martin Tappler , Ignacio D. Lopez-Miguel , Sebastian Tschiatschek , Ezio Bartocci