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Related papers: Simulating High-Velocity Clouds in the Observation…

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We run numerical simulations of molecular clouds (MCs), adopting properties similar to those found in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) of the Milky Way. For this, we employ the moving mesh code Arepo and perform simulations which account…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-09-21 Erik Bertram , Simon C. O. Glover , Paul C. Clark , Sarah E. Ragan , Ralf S. Klessen

We present three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulations of magnetized gas clouds accelerated by hot winds. We initialize gas clouds with tangled internal magnetic fields and show that this field suppresses the disruption of the cloud:…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-23 Michael McCourt , Ryan M. O'Leary , Ann-Marie Madigan , Eliot Quataert

We use detailed numerical simulations of the coupled chemical, thermal and dynamical evolution of the gas in a turbulent molecular cloud to study the usefulness of the [CI] 609 micron and 370 micron fine structure emission lines as tracers…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-19 Simon C. O. Glover , Paul C. Clark , Milica Micic , Faviola Molina

The recent discovery of an enriched metallicity for the Smith high-velocity HI cloud (SC) lends support to a Galactic origin for this system. We use a dynamical model of the galactic fountain to reproduce the observed properties of the SC.…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2016-09-22 Antonino Marasco , Filippo Fraternali

HI observations of high-velocity clouds (HVCs) indicate, that they are interacting with their ambient medium. Even clouds located in the very outer Galactic halo or the intergalactic space seem to interact with their ambient medium. In this…

Astrophysics · Physics 2016-08-30 C. Konz , C. Bruens , G. T. Birk

The Smith Cloud is a massive system of metal-poor neutral and ionized gas M_gas >= 2x10^6 M_sun) that is presently moving at high velocity (V_GSR ~300 km s^-1) with respect to the Galaxy at a distance of 12 kpc from the Sun. The kinematics…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2014-11-20 M. Nichols , J. Bland-Hawthorn

We propose a new approach to comparing simulated observations that enables us to determine the significance of the underlying physical effects. We utilize the methodology of experimental design, a subfield of statistical analysis, to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-06-18 Miayan Yeremi , Mallory Flynn , Stella Offner , Jason Loeppky , Erik Rosolowsky

We used CO (2-1) and CO (1-0) data cubes to identify molecular clouds and study their kinematics and dynamics in three nearby galaxies and the inner Milky Way. When observed at similar spatial and velocity resolutions, molecular clouds in…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-11-03 J. W. Zhou , Sami Dib

We present some developments in determining H-alpha distances to high-velocity clouds (HVCs) in the Galactic halo. Until recently, it was difficult to assess the nature and origin of HVCs because so little was known about them. But now…

Astrophysics · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Bland-Hawthorn , P. R. Maloney

High-velocity clouds (HVCs) are multi-phase gas structures whose velocities (|v_LSR|>100 km/s) are too high to be explained by Galactic disk rotation. While large HVCs are well characterized, compact and small HVCs (with HI angular sizes of…

We use the TNG50 simulation of the IllustrisTNG project to study cold, dense clouds of gas in the circumgalactic media (CGM) of Milky Way-like galaxies. We find that their CGM is typically filled with of order one hundred (thousand)…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-03-30 Rahul Ramesh , Dylan Nelson , Annalisa Pillepich

We compare the properties of clouds in simulated M33 galaxies to those observed in the real M33. We apply a friends of friends algorithm and CPROPS to identify clouds, as well as a pixel by pixel analysis. We obtain very good agreement…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2019-03-20 C. L. Dobbs , E. Rosolowsky , A. R. Pettitt , J. Braine , E. Corbelli , J. Sun

The nucleus of the Milky Way is known to drive a large-scale, multiphase galactic outflow, with gas phases ranging from the hot highly-ionized to the cold molecular component. In this work, we present the first systematic search for…

We revisit the reliability of metallicity estimates of high velocity clouds with the help of hydrodynamical simulations. We quantify the effect of accretion and viewing angle on metallicity estimates derived from absorption lines. Model…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2021-11-24 F. Heitsch , A. Marchal , M. -A. Miville-Deschênes , J. M. Shull , A. J. Fox

Multiwavelength observations, from radio to X-rays, have revealed the presence of multiphase high-velocity gas near the center of the Milky Way likely associated with powerful galactic outflows. This region offers a unique laboratory to…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2026-01-12 Andrea Afruni , Enrico M. Di Teodoro , Lucia Armillotta , Callum A. Lynn , Naomi M. McClure-Griffiths

The warm neutral medium (WNM) was thought to be subsonically/transonically turbulent, and it lacks a network of intertwined filaments that are commonly seen in both molecular clouds and cold neutral medium (CNM). Here, we report HI~21 cm…

We have identified a new structure in the Milky Way: a leading component of the Smith high velocity cloud that is now crossing the Galactic plane near longitude 25 degrees. Using new 21cm HI data from the Green Bank Telescope (GBT) we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2023-02-01 Felix J. Lockman , Robert A. Benjamin , Nicolas Pichette , Christopher Thibodeau

Recent high precision proper motions from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) suggest that the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC, respectively) are either on their first passage or on an eccentric long period (>6 Gyr) orbit about…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2015-05-19 Gurtina Besla , Nitya Kallivayalil , Lars Hernquist , Roeland P. van der Marel , T. J. Cox , Dusan Keres

We have mapped 11 compact high-velocity clouds (CHVCs) in the 21-cm line emission of neutral, atomic hydrogen, using the Effelsberg 100-m radio telescope. The aim of our observations was to study the overall distribution of the warm neutral…

Astrophysics · Physics 2009-11-10 T. Westmeier , C. Bruens , J. Kerp

High-velocity clouds (HVCs), which are gas clouds moving at high velocity relative to the galactic disk, may play a critical role in galaxy evolution, potentially supplying gas to the disk and triggering star formation. In this study, we…

Astrophysics of Galaxies · Physics 2025-07-02 Maki Nagata , Fumi Egusa , Fumiya Maeda , Kazuki Tokuda , Kotaro Kohno , Kana Morokuma-Matsui , Jin Koda