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Serverless Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as a cost-effective solution for deploying AI services by enabling a 'pay-as-you-go' pricing model through GPU resource sharing. However, cold-start latency, especially the model loading…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2025-12-02 Wenbin Zhu , Zhaoyan Shen , Zili Shao , Hongjun Dai , Feng Chen

Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) have been applied in diverse areas such as knowledge bases, human interfaces, and dynamic agents, and marking a stride towards achieving Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). However, current…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-27 Yunpeng Huang , Jingwei Xu , Junyu Lai , Zixu Jiang , Taolue Chen , Zenan Li , Yuan Yao , Xiaoxing Ma , Lijuan Yang , Hao Chen , Shupeng Li , Penghao Zhao

The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence, particularly with the development of Large Language Models (LLMs) built on the transformer architecture, has redefined the capabilities of natural language processing. These models now…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Andrea Matarazzo , Riccardo Torlone

Efficiently deploying large language models (LLMs) in real-world scenarios remains a critical challenge, primarily due to hardware heterogeneity, inference framework limitations, and workload complexities.Efficiently deploying large…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-28 Yanyu Chen , Ganhong Huang

State-of-the-art machine learning frameworks support a wide variety of design features to enable a flexible machine learning programming interface and to ease the programmability burden on machine learning developers. Identifying and using…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-01 Yu Emma Wang , Carole-Jean Wu , Xiaodong Wang , Kim Hazelwood , David Brooks

Recently, dynamic computation methods have shown notable acceleration for Large Language Models (LLMs) by skipping several layers of computations through elaborate heuristics or additional predictors. However, in the decoding process of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-11 Yijin Liu , Fandong Meng , Jie Zhou

Hardware accelerators, in particular accelerators for tensor processing, have many potential application domains. However, they currently lack the software infrastructure to support the majority of domains outside of deep learning.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2024-08-08 Charles Hong , Sahil Bhatia , Altan Haan , Shengjun Kris Dong , Dima Nikiforov , Alvin Cheung , Yakun Sophia Shao

Using Large Language Models (LLMs) in real-world applications presents significant challenges, particularly in balancing computational efficiency with model performance. Optimizing acceleration after fine-tuning and during inference is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-09 Sajjad Kachuee , Mohammad Sharifkhani

Large language model (LLM) queries are predominantly processed by frontier models in centralized cloud infrastructure. Demand growth strains this paradigm faster than providers can scale. Two advances create an opportunity to rethink it:…

Large transformer models display promising performance on a wide range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks. Although the AI community has expanded the model scale to the trillion parameter level, the practical deployment of 10-100…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-09-07 Jiangsu Du , Ziming Liu , Jiarui Fang , Shenggui Li , Yongbin Li , Yutong Lu , Yang You

The performance gains obtained by large language models (LLMs) are closely linked to their substantial computational and memory requirements. Quantized LLMs offer significant advantages with extremely quantized models, motivating the…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Ahmed J. Abdelmaksoud , Cristian Sestito , Shiwei Wang , Themis Prodromakis

Large Language Model (LLM) agents face security vulnerabilities spanning AI-specific and traditional software domains, yet current research addresses these separately. This study bridges this gap through comparative evaluation of Function…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-07-10 Tarek Gasmi , Ramzi Guesmi , Ines Belhadj , Jihene Bennaceur

Large language models (LLMs) require enormous computing power to pretrain on massive datasets. When limited datasets are available, smaller-sized LLMs are better choice to pretrain (on user-specified datasets) by following the scaling laws…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-23 Praveen Rao

Transformer architectures are the backbone of the modern AI revolution. However, they are based on simply stacking the same blocks in dozens of layers and processing information sequentially from one block to another. In this paper, we…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-24 Prateek Verma , Mert Pilanci

Emerging applications such as AR are driving demands for machine intelligence capable of processing continuous and/or long-context inputs on local devices. However, currently dominant models based on Transformer architecture suffers from…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Saptarshi Mitra , Rachid Karami , Haocheng Xu , Sitao Huang , Hyoukjun Kwon

The rapid evolution of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) has brought substantial advancements in artificial intelligence, significantly enhancing the capability to understand and generate multimodal content. While prior studies have…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-09-30 Lin Li , Guikun Chen , Hanrong Shi , Jun Xiao , Long Chen

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate substantial potential across a diverse array of domains via request serving. However, as trends continue to push for expanding context sizes, the autoregressive nature of LLMs results in highly…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Bin Lin , Chen Zhang , Tao Peng , Hanyu Zhao , Wencong Xiao , Minmin Sun , Anmin Liu , Zhipeng Zhang , Lanbo Li , Xiafei Qiu , Shen Li , Zhigang Ji , Tao Xie , Yong Li , Wei Lin

This paper presents implementation details and empirical results for a hybrid message passing and shared memory paralleliziation of the adaptive integral method (AIM). AIM is implemented on a (near) petaflop supercomputing cluster of…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2010-10-08 Fangzhou Wei , Ali E. Yılmaz

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized a wide range of domains such as natural language processing, computer vision, and multi-modal tasks due to their ability to comprehend context and perform logical reasoning. However, the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-07-31 Haoyang Li , Yiming Li , Anxin Tian , Tianhao Tang , Zhanchao Xu , Xuejia Chen , Nicole Hu , Wei Dong , Qing Li , Lei Chen

The insatiable appetite of Artificial Intelligence (AI) workloads for computing power is pushing the industry to develop faster and more efficient accelerators. The rigidity of custom hardware, however, conflicts with the need for scalable…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-04-29 Emmanuel Irabor , Mariam Musavi , Abhijit Das , Sergi Abadal