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Related papers: Object Centric Concept Bottlenecks

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We introduce the Concept Bottleneck Large Language Model (CB-LLM), a pioneering approach to creating inherently interpretable Large Language Models (LLMs). Unlike traditional black-box LLMs that rely on post-hoc interpretation methods with…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Chung-En Sun , Tuomas Oikarinen , Tsui-Wei Weng

Concept-based eXplainable AI (C-XAI) is a rapidly growing research field that enhances AI model interpretability by leveraging intermediate, human-understandable concepts. This approach not only enhances model transparency but also enables…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Francesco De Santis , Gabriele Ciravegna , Philippe Bich , Danilo Giordano , Tania Cerquitelli

Understanding objects is a central building block of artificial intelligence, especially for embodied AI. Even though object recognition excels with deep learning, current machines still struggle to learn higher-level knowledge, e.g., what…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Yong-Lu Li , Yue Xu , Xinyu Xu , Xiaohan Mao , Yuan Yao , Siqi Liu , Cewu Lu

Concept bottleneck models (CBMs) are interpretable models that first predict a set of semantically meaningful features, i.e., concepts, from observations that are subsequently used to condition a downstream task. However, the model's…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-12-04 Renos Zabounidis , Ini Oguntola , Konghao Zhao , Joseph Campbell , Simon Stepputtis , Katia Sycara

Machine learning accelerates molecular property prediction, yet state-of-the-art Large Language Models and Graph Neural Networks operate as black boxes. In drug discovery, where safety is critical, this opacity risks masking false…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Oscar Rivera , Ziqing Wang , Matthieu Dagommer , Abhishek Pandey , Kaize Ding

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) have emerged as a promising interpretable method whose final prediction is based on intermediate, human-understandable concepts rather than the raw input. Through time-consuming manual interventions, a user…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-10-18 Moritz Vandenhirtz , Sonia Laguna , Ričards Marcinkevičs , Julia E. Vogt

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) aim to enhance interpretability by predicting human-understandable concepts as intermediates for decision-making. However, these models often face challenges in ensuring reliable concept representations,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-02-04 Yuxuan Cai , Xiyu Wang , Satoshi Tsutsui , Winnie Pang , Bihan Wen

Current deep learning models are not designed to simultaneously address three fundamental questions: predict class labels to solve a given classification task (the "What?"), simulate changes in the situation to evaluate how this impacts…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-21 Gabriele Dominici , Pietro Barbiero , Francesco Giannini , Martin Gjoreski , Giuseppe Marra , Marc Langheinrich

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) first map raw input(s) to a vector of human-defined concepts, before using this vector to predict a final classification. We might therefore expect CBMs capable of predicting concepts based on distinct…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-02-08 Jack Furby , Daniel Cunnington , Dave Braines , Alun Preece

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) map dense feature representations into human-interpretable concepts which are then combined linearly to make a prediction. However, modern CBMs rely on the CLIP model to obtain image-concept annotations, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-27 Fawaz Sammani , Jonas Fischer , Nikos Deligiannis

Open-ended grading is central to equitable and personalized education, yet manual grading remains time-consuming and costly, underscoring the need for automated grading systems. Although recent neural and large language model (LLM) based…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2026-05-28 Chengshuai Zhao , Fan Zhang , Kumar Satvik Chaudhary , Yiwen Li , Lo Pang-Yun Ting , Ying-Chih Chen , Huan Liu

Ensuring fairness in image classification prevents models from perpetuating and amplifying bias. Concept bottleneck models (CBMs) map images to high-level, human-interpretable concepts before making predictions via a sparse, one-layer…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Schrasing Tong , Antoine Salaun , Vincent Yuan , Annabel Adeyeri , Lalana Kagal

Modern deep neural networks have now reached human-level performance across a variety of tasks. However, unlike humans they lack the ability to explain their decisions by showing where and telling what concepts guided them. In this work, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Itay Benou , Tammy Riklin-Raviv

Concept-Based Models (CBMs) are a class of deep learning models that provide interpretability by explaining predictions through high-level concepts. These models first predict concepts and then use them to perform a downstream task.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-27 David Debot , Pietro Barbiero , Gabriele Dominici , Giuseppe Marra

Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) tackle the opacity of neural architectures by constructing and explaining their predictions using a set of high-level concepts. A special property of these models is that they permit concept interventions,…

We study the problem of concept induction in visual reasoning, i.e., identifying concepts and their hierarchical relationships from question-answer pairs associated with images; and achieve an interpretable model via working on the induced…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-08-25 Zhonghao Wang , Kai Wang , Mo Yu , Jinjun Xiong , Wen-mei Hwu , Mark Hasegawa-Johnson , Humphrey Shi

Object-centric learning (OCL) seeks to learn representations that only encode an object, isolated from other objects or background cues in a scene. This approach underpins various aims, including out-of-distribution (OOD) generalization,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-14 Alexander Rubinstein , Ameya Prabhu , Matthias Bethge , Seong Joon Oh

Recent advances in deep learning have led to increasingly complex models with deeper layers and more parameters, reducing interpretability and making their decisions harder to understand. While many methods explain black-box reasoning, most…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Nuoye Xiong , Anqi Dong , Ning Wang , Cong Hua , Guangming Zhu , Lin Mei , Peiyi Shen , Liang Zhang

Interpreting the decisions of deep image classifiers remains challenging, particularly in black-box settings where model internals are inaccessible. We introduce OCCAM, a framework for open-set causal concept explanation and ontology…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chiara Maria Russo , Simone Carnemolla , Simone Palazzo , Daniela Giordano , Concetto Spampinato , Matteo Pennisi

The recent mass adoption of DNNs, even in safety-critical scenarios, has shifted the focus of the research community towards the creation of inherently intrepretable models. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) constitute a popular approach…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-08-22 Konstantinos P. Panousis , Dino Ienco , Diego Marcos
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