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While end-to-end neural machine translation (NMT) has made remarkable progress recently, NMT systems only rely on parallel corpora for parameter estimation. Since parallel corpora are usually limited in quantity, quality, and coverage,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-12-13 Yong Cheng , Wei Xu , Zhongjun He , Wei He , Hua Wu , Maosong Sun , Yang Liu

Parallelism is a ubiquitous method for accelerating machine learning algorithms. However, theoretical analysis of parallel learning is usually done in an algorithm- and protocol-specific setting, giving little insight about how changes in…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-06-09 Yucheng Lu , Jack Nash , Christopher De Sa

Code-switching (CS), which is when Vietnamese speech uses English words like drug names or procedures, is a common phenomenon in Vietnamese medical communication. This creates challenges for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-16 Tung X. Nguyen , Nhu Vo , Giang-Son Nguyen , Duy Mai Hoang , Chien Dinh Huynh , Inigo Jauregi Unanue , Massimo Piccardi , Wray Buntine , Dung D. Le

Visual Question Answering (VQA) is a fundamental multimodal task that requires models to jointly understand visual and textual information. Early VQA systems relied heavily on language biases, motivating subsequent work to emphasize visual…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Nguyen Anh Tuong , Phan Ba Duc , Nguyen Trung Quoc , Tran Dac Thinh , Dang Duy Lan , Nguyen Quoc Thinh , Tung Le

Sentence-level (SL) machine translation (MT) has reached acceptable quality for many high-resourced languages, but not document-level (DL) MT, which is difficult to 1) train with little amount of DL data; and 2) evaluate, as the main…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-12-14 Matīss Rikters , Ryokan Ri , Tong Li , Toshiaki Nakazawa

Over 97 million people speak Vietnamese as their native language in the world. However, there are few research studies on machine reading comprehension (MRC) for Vietnamese, the task of understanding a text and answering questions related…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-11-10 Kiet Van Nguyen , Duc-Vu Nguyen , Anh Gia-Tuan Nguyen , Ngan Luu-Thuy Nguyen

In Neural Machine Translation (NMT), data augmentation methods such as back-translation have proven their effectiveness in improving translation performance. In this paper, we propose a novel data augmentation approach for NMT, which is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2022-05-11 Chang Jin , Shigui Qiu , Nini Xiao , Hao Jia

Automatic Post-Editing (APE) is the task of automatically identifying and correcting errors in the Machine Translation (MT) outputs. We propose a repair-filter-use methodology that uses an APE system to correct errors on the target side of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-12-19 Akshay Batheja , Sourabh Deoghare , Diptesh Kanojia , Pushpak Bhattacharyya

In spite of the recent success of neural machine translation (NMT) in standard benchmarks, the lack of large parallel corpora poses a major practical problem for many language pairs. There have been several proposals to alleviate this issue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-02-27 Mikel Artetxe , Gorka Labaka , Eneko Agirre , Kyunghyun Cho

Vietnamese exhibits extensive dialectal variation, posing challenges for NLP systems trained predominantly on standard Vietnamese. Such systems often underperform on dialectal inputs, especially from underrepresented Central and Southern…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Khoa Anh Ta , Nguyen Van Dinh , Kiet Van Nguyen

Parallel texts are a relatively rare language resource, however, they constitute a very useful research material with a wide range of applications. This study presents and analyses new methodologies we developed for obtaining such data from…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2016-03-23 Krzysztof Wołk , Emilia Rejmund , Krzysztof Marasek

Parallel corpora play an important role in training machine translation (MT) models, particularly for low-resource languages where high-quality bilingual data is scarce. This review provides a comprehensive overview of available parallel…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-04-23 Rahul Raja , Arpita Vats

Machine translation systems achieve near human-level performance on some languages, yet their effectiveness strongly relies on the availability of large amounts of parallel sentences, which hinders their applicability to the majority of…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-15 Guillaume Lample , Myle Ott , Alexis Conneau , Ludovic Denoyer , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato

Existing models of multilingual sentence embeddings require large parallel data resources which are not available for low-resource languages. We propose a novel unsupervised method to derive multilingual sentence embeddings relying only on…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2021-05-24 Ivana Kvapilıkova , Mikel Artetxe , Gorka Labaka , Eneko Agirre , Ondřej Bojar

Despite the rapid growth in model architecture, the scarcity of large parallel corpora remains the main bottleneck in Neural Machine Translation. Data augmentation is a technique that enhances the performance of data-hungry models by…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Seokjin Oh , Su Ah Lee , Woohwan Jung

Code-mixing is increasingly prevalent in interactions between humans and large language models, yet existing work often reduces it to a translation or convertibility problem, making it difficult to assess whether a model's switching…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-26 Qingyan Yang , Tongxi Wang , Yunsheng Luo

Though machine translation errors caused by the lack of context beyond one sentence have long been acknowledged, the development of context-aware NMT systems is hampered by several problems. Firstly, standard metrics are not sensitive to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-06-10 Elena Voita , Rico Sennrich , Ivan Titov

The overreliance on large parallel corpora significantly limits the applicability of machine translation systems to the majority of language pairs. Back-translation has been dominantly used in previous approaches for unsupervised neural…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2019-04-05 Jiawei Wu , Xin Wang , William Yang Wang

The rapid development research of Large Language Models (LLMs) based on transformer architectures raises key challenges, one of them being the task of distinguishing between human-written text and LLM-generated text. As LLM-generated…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-01 Trieu Hai Nguyen , Sivaswamy Akilesh

This paper rethinks translation memory augmented neural machine translation (TM-augmented NMT) from two perspectives, i.e., a probabilistic view of retrieval and the variance-bias decomposition principle. The finding demonstrates that…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-06-13 Hongkun Hao , Guoping Huang , Lemao Liu , Zhirui Zhang , Shuming Shi , Rui Wang