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Recent work has demonstrated the catastrophic effects of poor cardinality estimates on query processing time. In particular, underestimating query cardinality can result in overly optimistic query plans which take orders of magnitude longer…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-03-31 Kyle Deeds , Dan Suciu , Magda Balazinska , Walter Cai

We present a detailed study of cardinality-aware top-$k$ classification, a novel approach that aims to learn an accurate top-$k$ set predictor while maintaining a low cardinality. We introduce a new target loss function tailored to this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-12 Corinna Cortes , Anqi Mao , Christopher Mohri , Mehryar Mohri , Yutao Zhong

Cardinality estimation is a fundamental task in database query processing and optimization. As shown in recent papers, machine learning (ML)-based approaches can deliver more accurate cardinality estimations than traditional approaches.…

Databases · Computer Science 2022-01-19 Lucas Woltmann , Claudio Hartmann , Dirk Habich , Wolfgang Lehner

DB engines produce efficient query execution plans by relying on cost models. Practical implementations estimate cardinality of queries using heuristics, with magic numbers tuned to improve average performance on benchmarks. Empirically,…

We study the problem of cardinality estimation for LIKE queries on string data, focusing on the most common patterns in real workloads: prefix, suffix, and substring queries. We propose LEARNT, a LIKE query Estimator with Accuracy,…

Databases · Computer Science 2026-05-26 Hai Lan , Zhifeng Bao , Divesh Srivastava , Shixun Huang , Yuwei Peng , Yang Yu

Tree-based models underpin many modern semantic search engines and recommender systems due to their sub-linear inference times. In industrial applications, these models operate at extreme scales, where every bit of performance is critical.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-02-25 Philip A. Etter , Kai Zhong , Hsiang-Fu Yu , Lexing Ying , Inderjit Dhillon

In query optimisation accurate cardinality estimation is essential for finding optimal query plans. It is especially challenging for RDF due to the lack of explicit schema and the excessive occurrence of joins in RDF queries. Existing…

Databases · Computer Science 2018-01-22 Xin Wang , Eugene Siow , Aastha Madaan , Thanassis Tiropanis

Cardinality Estimation over Knowledge Graphs (KG) is crucial for query optimization, yet remains a challenging task due to the semi-structured nature and complex correlations of typical Knowledge Graphs. In this work, we propose GNCE, a…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-06-04 Tim Schwabe , Maribel Acosta

Database Management Systems (DBMSs) process a given query by creating a query plan, which is subsequently executed, to compute the query's result. Deriving an efficient query plan is challenging, and both academia and industry have invested…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2024-01-11 Jinsheng Ba , Manuel Rigger

Cardinality estimation is a key component of database query optimization. Recent studies have demonstrated that learned cardinality estimation techniques can surpass traditional methods in accuracy. However, a significant barrier to their…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-12-30 Lyu Yi , Weiqi Feng , Yuanbiao Wang , Yuhong Kan

Modern Cardinality Estimators struggle with data updates. This research tackles this challenge within single-table. We introduce ICE, an Index-based Cardinality Estimator, the first data-driven estimator that enables instant, tuple-leveled…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-09-02 Yingze Li , Xianglong Liu , Hongzhi Wang , Kaixin Zhang , Zixuan Wang

Cardinality estimation is the problem of estimating the size of the output of a query, without actually evaluating the query. The cardinality estimator is a critical piece of a query optimizer, and is often the main culprit when the…

Databases · Computer Science 2025-02-11 Haozhe Zhang , Christoph Mayer , Mahmoud Abo Khamis , Dan Olteanu , Dan Suciu

Innovative learning based structures have recently been proposed to tackle index and cardinality estimation tasks, specifically learned indexes and data driven cardinality estimators. These structures exhibit excellent performance in…

Databases · Computer Science 2023-05-30 Yingze Li , Hongzhi Wang , Xianglong Liu

High-dimensional data has become ubiquitous across the sciences but presents computational and statistical challenges. A common approach to addressing these challenges is through sparsity. In this paper, we introduce a new concept of…

Statistics Theory · Mathematics 2025-09-03 Ali Mohades , Johannes Lederer

Cardinality estimation is a critical component and a longstanding challenge in modern data warehouses. ByteHouse, ByteDance's cloud-native engine for extensive data analysis in exabyte-scale environments, serves numerous internal…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-04-12 Yuxing Han , Haoyu Wang , Lixiang Chen , Yifeng Dong , Xing Chen , Benquan Yu , Chengcheng Yang , Weining Qian

This work presents new cardinality estimation methods for data sets recorded by HyperLogLog sketches. A simple derivation of the original estimator was found, that also gives insight how to correct its deficiencies. The result is an…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2017-06-23 Otmar Ertl

Symmetric positive semidefinite (SPSD) matrix approximation is an important problem with applications in kernel methods. However, existing SPSD matrix approximation methods such as the Nystr\"om method only have weak error bounds. In this…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2016-05-23 Shusen Wang , Luo Luo , Zhihua Zhang

Estimating cardinality, i.e., the number of distinct elements, of a data stream is a fundamental problem in areas like databases, computer networks, and information retrieval. This study delves into a broader scenario where each element…

Databases · Computer Science 2024-06-28 Yiyan Qi , Rundong Li , Pinghui Wang , Yufang Sun , Rui Xing

The Suffix Array is a classic text index enabling on-line pattern matching queries via simple binary search. The main drawback of the Suffix Array is that it takes linear space in the text's length, even if the text itself is extremely…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-03-19 Davide Cenzato , Lore Depuydt , Travis Gagie , Sung-Hwan Kim , Giovanni Manzini , Francisco Olivares , Nicola Prezza

SQL queries, with the AND, OR, and NOT operators, constitute a broad class of highly used queries. Thus, their cardinality estimation is important for query optimization. In addition, a query planner requires the set-theoretic cardinality…

Databases · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Rojeh Hayek , Oded Shmueli