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Cervical cancer is highly preventable, yet persistent barriers to screening limit progress toward elimination goals. Speculum-free devices that integrate imaging and sampling could improve access, particularly in low-resource settings, but…

Cancer cases have been rising globally, resulting in nearly 10 million deaths in 2023. Biopsy, crucial for diagnosis, is often performed under ultrasound (US) guidance, demanding precise hand coordination and cognitive decision-making.…

This paper introduces a first-order method for solving optimal powered descent guidance (PDG) problems, that directly handles the nonconvex constraints associated with the maximum and minimum thrust bounds with varying mass and the pointing…

Accurately assessing tumor removal is paramount in the management of glioblastoma. We developed a pipeline using MRI scans and neural networks to segment tumor subregions and the surgical cavity in postoperative images. Our model excels in…

Ultrasound-guided percutaneous needle insertion is a standard procedure employed in both biopsy and ablation in clinical practices. However, due to the complex interaction between tissue and instrument, the needle may deviate from the…

Despite the extensive demonstration of robotic systems for both cataract and vitreoretinal procedures, existing technologies or mechanisms still possess insufficient accuracy, precision, and degrees of freedom for instrument manipulation or…

Important challenges in retinal microsurgery include prolonged operating time, inadequate force feedback, and poor depth perception due to a constrained top-down view of the surgery. The introduction of robot-assisted technology could…

Intraoperative segmentation and tracking of minimally invasive instruments is a prerequisite for computer- and robotic-assisted surgery. Since additional hardware like tracking systems or the robot encoders are cumbersome and lack accuracy,…

Precise instrument segmentation aid surgeons to navigate the body more easily and increase patient safety. While accurate tracking of surgical instruments in real-time plays a crucial role in minimally invasive computer-assisted surgeries,…

Autonomy in robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery has the potential to reduce surgeon cognitive and task load, thereby increasing procedural efficiency. However, implementing accurate autonomous control can be difficult due to poor…

Accurate and scalable cancer diagnosis remains a critical challenge in modern pathology, particularly for malignancies such as breast, prostate, bone, and cervical, which exhibit complex histological variability. In this study, we propose a…

Automatic breast lesion segmentation in ultrasound helps to diagnose breast cancer, which is one of the dreadful diseases that affect women globally. Segmenting breast regions accurately from ultrasound image is a challenging task due to…

Manual segmentation of medical images (e.g., segmenting tumors in CT scans) is a high-effort task that can be accelerated with machine learning techniques. However, selecting the right segmentation approach depends on the evaluation…

Objectives Computer vision (CV) is a field of artificial intelligence that enables machines to interpret and understand images and videos. CV has the potential to be of assistance in the operating room (OR) to track surgical instruments. We…

The pelvis, the lower part of the trunk, supports and balances the trunk. Landmark detection from a pelvic X-ray (PXR) facilitates downstream analysis and computer-assisted diagnosis and treatment of pelvic diseases. Although PXRs have the…

Manual Pap smear analysis for cervical cancer screening is limited by inter-observer variability, time constraints, and restricted expert availability. Although convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have automated cervical cell…

Mitral valve regurgitation is the most common valvular disease, affecting 10% of the population over 75 years old. Left untreated, patients with mitral valve regurgitation can suffer declining cardiac health until cardiac failure and death.…

In recent years, the scientific community has focused on the development of CAD tools that could improve bone fractures' classification, mostly based on Convolutional Neural Network (CNN). However, the discerning accuracy of fractures'…

Robotic-assisted surgery has emerged as a promising approach to improve surgical ergonomics, precision, and workflow efficiency, particularly in complex procedures such as cervical spine surgery. In this study, we evaluate the performance…

Robotic-assisted orthopaedic surgeries demand accurate, automated leg manipulation for improved spatial accuracy to reduce iatrogenic damage. In this study, we propose novel rigid body designs and an optical tracking volume setup for…