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Despite sophisticated phishing email detection systems, and training and awareness programs, humans continue to be tricked by phishing emails. In an attempt to better understand why phishing email attacks still work and how best to mitigate…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2021-10-08 Asangi Jayatilaka , Nalin Asanka Gamagedara Arachchilage , Muhammad Ali Babar

The growing sophistication of modern malware and phishing campaigns has diminished the effectiveness of traditional signature-based intrusion detection systems. This work presents SecureScan, an AI-driven, triple-layer detection framework…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Rumman Firdos , Aman Dangi

The proliferation of mobile devices and online interactions have been threatened by different cyberattacks, where phishing attacks and malicious Uniform Resource Locators (URLs) pose significant risks to user security. Traditional phishing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Wenye Guo , Qun Wang , Hao Yue , Haijian Sun , Rose Qingyang Hu

As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed in complex applications, their vulnerability to adversarial attacks raises urgent safety concerns, especially those evolving over multi-round interactions. Existing defenses are…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Siyuan Li , Zehao Liu , Xi Lin , Qinghua Mao , Yuliang Chen , Haoyu Li , Jun Wu , Jianhua Li , Xiu Su

Recent progress in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly in the domain of large language models (LLMs), has resulted in powerful and versatile dual-use systems. This intelligence can be put towards a wide variety of beneficial tasks,…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-12-25 Julian Hazell

Machine learning (ML) based approaches have been the mainstream solution for anti-phishing detection. When they are deployed on the client-side, ML-based classifiers are vulnerable to evasion attacks. However, such potential threats have…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-04-16 Yusi Lei , Sen Chen , Lingling Fan , Fu Song , Yang Liu

Modern software package registries like PyPI have become critical infrastructure for software development, but are increasingly exploited by threat actors distributing malicious packages with sophisticated multi-stage attack chains. While…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-01-13 Takaaki Toda , Tatsuya Mori

The Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) is a decentralized computing engine. It enables the Ethereum blockchain to execute smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps). The increasing adoption of Ethereum sparked the rise of phishing…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-06-25 Pasquale De Rosa , Simon Queyrut , Yérom-David Bromberg , Pascal Felber , Valerio Schiavoni

Phishing email attacks are among the most common and most harmful cybersecurity attacks. With the emergence of generative AI, phishing attacks can be based on emails generated automatically, making it more difficult to detect them. That is,…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-05-10 Chibuike Samuel Eze , Lior Shamir

Recently, we can observe a significant increase of the phishing attacks in the Internet. In a typical phishing attack, the attacker sets up a malicious website that looks similar to the legitimate website in order to obtain the end-users'…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2025-08-14 Zijiang Yang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have gained prominence in various applications, including security. This paper explores the utility of LLMs in scam detection, a critical aspect of cybersecurity. Unlike traditional applications, we propose a…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-02-06 Liming Jiang

Phishing attacks represents one of the primary attack methods which is used by cyber attackers. In many cases, attackers use deceptive emails along with malicious attachments to trick users into giving away sensitive information or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-02-12 Fatemeh Nejati , Mahdi Rabbani , Morteza Eskandarian , Mansur Mirani , Gunjan Piya , Igor Opushnyev , Ali A. Ghorbani , Sajjad Dadkhah

Phishing detection systems are predominantly rely on statistical machine learning models, which often lack contextual reasoning and are vulnerable to adversarial manipulation. In this work, we propose a hybrid framework that integrates…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Mainak Sen , Kumar Sankar Ray , Amlan Chakrabarti

With the rapid development of LLM-based multi-agent systems (MAS), their significant safety and security concerns have emerged, which introduce novel risks going beyond single agents or LLMs. Despite attempts to address these issues, the…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-03-17 Kai Wang , Biaojie Zeng , Zeming Wei , Chang Jin , Hefeng Zhou , Xiangtian Li , Chao Yang , Jingjing Qu , Xingcheng Xu , Xia Hu

The increasing reliance on smartphones for communication, financial transactions, and personal data management has made them prime targets for cyberattacks, particularly smishing, a sophisticated variant of phishing conducted via SMS.…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-12-16 Diksha Goel , Hussain Ahmad , Ankit Kumar Jain , Nikhil Kumar Goel

LLM-based multi-agent systems (LLM-MAS) have become a promising paradigm for solving complex tasks through role specialization, tool use, memory, and collaborative reasoning. However, these interactions create new security risks that…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Bingyu Yan , Xiaoming Zhang , Jinyu Hou , Chaozhuo Li , Ziyi Zhou , Xiaozhe Zhang , Litian Zhang

Large Language Model (LLM)-powered agents demonstrate strong capabilities in autonomous task execution, tool use, and multi-step reasoning. However, their increasing autonomy also introduces a new attack surface: adversarial interactions…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Sheldon Yu , Yingcheng Sun , Hanqing Guo , Julian McAuley , Qianqian Tong

The proliferation of open-source software (OSS) has made software supply chains prime targets for attacks like Package Confusion, where adversaries publish malicious packages with names deceptively similar to legitimate ones. To protect…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-04-21 Yu Li , Wei Ma , Zhi Chen , Ye Liu , Lingxiao Jiang , Junyi Tao , Hao Liu , Yongqiang Lyu , Qiang Hu

Large language model-based multi-agent systems have shown great abilities across various tasks due to the collaboration of expert agents, each focusing on a specific domain. However, the impact of clumsy or even malicious agents--those who…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Jen-tse Huang , Jiaxu Zhou , Tailin Jin , Xuhui Zhou , Zixi Chen , Wenxuan Wang , Youliang Yuan , Michael R. Lyu , Maarten Sap

With the growth in digital transformation and Internet usage, the Social Engineering techniques such as Phishing have become a major concern for the users and the organizations. Phishing attacks involve deceptive techniques to trick users…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Nikhil Kumar Dora , Sumit Kumar Tetarave , Rishikesh Sahay , Madhusudan Singh , Xiaoqing Li