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Large Language Models (LLMs) have made extraordinary progress in the field of Artificial Intelligence and have demonstrated remarkable capabilities across a large variety of tasks and domains. However, as we venture closer to creating…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-10-04 Brandon Kynoch , Hugo Latapie , Dwane van der Sluis

By the end of 2024, Google researchers introduced Titans: Learning at Test Time, a neural memory model achieving strong empirical results across multiple tasks. However, the lack of publicly available code and ambiguities in the original…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-13 Gavriel Di Nepi , Federico Siciliano , Fabrizio Silvestri

The ATLAS detector at CERN has completed its first full year of recording collisions at 7 TeV, resulting in billions of events and petabytes of data. At these scales, physicists must have the capability to read only the data of interest to…

Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability · Physics 2015-03-13 Peter van Gemmeren , David Malon

Hybrid sequence models that combine efficient Transformer components with linear sequence modeling blocks are a promising alternative to pure Transformers, but most are still pretrained from scratch and therefore fail to reuse existing…

Large Language Models face significant challenges in maintaining coherent interactions over extended dialogues due to their limited contextual memory. This limitation often leads to fragmented exchanges and reduced relevance in responses,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-06-24 Haseeb Ullah Khan Shinwari , Muhammad Usama

Transformer-based architectures have achieved remarkable success in natural language processing and computer vision. However, their performance in multivariate long-term forecasting often falls short compared to simpler linear baselines.…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Dizhen Liang

The transformer is the most critical algorithm innovation of the Nature Language Processing (NLP) field in recent years. Unlike the Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) models, Transformers can process on dimensions of sequence lengths in…

Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing · Computer Science 2021-02-23 Jiarui Fang , Yang Yu , Chengduo Zhao , Jie Zhou

Recent research in the field of machine learning has increasingly focused on the memorization capacity of Transformers, but how efficient they are is not yet well understood. We demonstrate that Transformers can memorize labels with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-28 Tokio Kajitsuka , Issei Sato

The impressive performance gains of modern language models currently rely on scaling parameters: larger models store more world knowledge and reason better. Yet compressing all world knowledge into parameters is unnecessary, as only a…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-24 Hadi Pouransari , David Grangier , C Thomas , Michael Kirchhof , Oncel Tuzel

Transformer models gain popularity because of their superior inference accuracy and inference throughput. However, the transformer is computation-intensive, causing a long inference time. The existing works on transformer inference…

Performance · Computer Science 2023-04-19 Yuan Feng , Hyeran Jeon , Filip Blagojevic , Cyril Guyot , Qing Li , Dong Li

This work introduces an efficient method to scale Transformer-based Large Language Models (LLMs) to infinitely long inputs with bounded memory and computation. A key component in our proposed approach is a new attention technique dubbed…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-08-13 Tsendsuren Munkhdalai , Manaal Faruqui , Siddharth Gopal

Existing literature in Continual Learning (CL) has focused on overcoming catastrophic forgetting, the inability of the learner to recall how to perform tasks observed in the past. There are however other desirable properties of a CL system,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-02-15 Tom Veniat , Ludovic Denoyer , Marc'Aurelio Ranzato

Transformers face a quadratic bottleneck in attention when scaling to long contexts. Recent approaches introduce recurrent memory to extend context beyond the current window, yet these often face a fundamental trade-off between theoretical…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Yunchong Song , Jushi Kai , Liming Lu , Kaixi Qiu , Zhouhan Lin

Transformer architectures have become the standard neural network model for various machine learning applications including natural language processing and computer vision. However, the compute and memory requirements introduced by…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2025-01-17 Pratyush Dhingra , Janardhan Rao Doppa , Partha Pratim Pande

Deep attention models have advanced the modelling of sequential data across many domains. For language modelling in particular, the Transformer-XL -- a Transformer augmented with a long-range memory of past activations -- has been shown to…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2020-07-08 Jack W. Rae , Ali Razavi

Since their release, Transformers have revolutionized many fields from Natural Language Understanding to Computer Vision. Document Understanding (DU) was not left behind with first Transformer based models for DU dating from late 2019.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-09-12 Thibault Douzon , Stefan Duffner , Christophe Garcia , Jérémy Espinas

Prior methods propose to offset the escalating costs of modern foundation models by dropping specific parts of their contexts with hand-designed rules, while attempting to preserve their original performance. We overcome this trade-off with…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-02-14 Edoardo Cetin , Qi Sun , Tianyu Zhao , Yujin Tang

Large Language Models (LLMs) struggle to handle long input sequences due to high memory and runtime costs. Memory-augmented models have emerged as a promising solution to this problem, but current methods are hindered by limited memory…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-02-22 Zexue He , Leonid Karlinsky , Donghyun Kim , Julian McAuley , Dmitry Krotov , Rogerio Feris

Transformer networks, driven by self-attention, are central to Large Language Models. In generative Transformers, self-attention uses cache memory to store token projections, avoiding recomputation at each time step. However, GPU-stored…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2024-11-26 Nathan Leroux , Paul-Philipp Manea , Chirag Sudarshan , Jan Finkbeiner , Sebastian Siegel , John Paul Strachan , Emre Neftci

Equipping large language models (LLMs) with latent-space memory has attracted increasing attention as they can extend the context window of existing language models. However, retaining information from the distant past remains a challenge.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-06-02 Yu Wang , Dmitry Krotov , Yuanzhe Hu , Yifan Gao , Wangchunshu Zhou , Julian McAuley , Dan Gutfreund , Rogerio Feris , Zexue He
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