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The increasing fluency and widespread usage of large language models (LLMs) highlight the desirability of corresponding tools aiding detection of LLM-generated text. In this paper, we identify a property of the structure of an LLM's…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-07-25 Eric Mitchell , Yoonho Lee , Alexander Khazatsky , Christopher D. Manning , Chelsea Finn

This paper provides a comprehensive review of the future of cybersecurity through Generative AI and Large Language Models (LLMs). We explore LLM applications across various domains, including hardware design security, intrusion detection,…

Protein research is crucial in various fundamental disciplines, but understanding their intricate structure-function relationships remains challenging. Recent Large Language Models (LLMs) have made significant strides in comprehending…

Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science · Computer Science 2025-01-24 Chao Wang , Hehe Fan , Ruijie Quan , Yi Yang

Traditional techniques for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) security design either treat the cyber and physical systems independently, or do not address the specific vulnerabilities of real time embedded controllers and networks used to monitor…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-05-29 Ashraf Tantawy , Abdelkarim Erradi , Sherif Abdelwahed , Khaled Shaban

This paper discusses the feasibility of using Large Language Models LLM for code generation with a particular application in designing an RISC. The paper also reviews the associated steps such as parsing, tokenization, encoding, attention…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-01-22 Shadeeb Hossain , Aayush Gohil , Yizhou Wang

Visual Programming has recently emerged as an alternative to end-to-end black-box visual reasoning models. This type of method leverages Large Language Models (LLMs) to generate the source code for an executable computer program that solves…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-24 Jaywon Koo , Ziyan Yang , Paola Cascante-Bonilla , Baishakhi Ray , Vicente Ordonez

In recent years, we observe an increasing amount of software with machine learning components being deployed. This poses the question of quality assurance for such components: how can we validate whether specified requirements are fulfilled…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-05-04 Arnab Sharma , Caglar Demir , Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo , Heike Wehrheim

The verification and validation of cyber-physical systems is known to be a difficult problem due to the different modeling abstractions used for control components and for software components. A recent trend to address this difficulty is to…

Logic in Computer Science · Computer Science 2010-10-28 Pritam Roy , Paulo Tabuada , Rupak Majumdar

Software development for Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) is a sophisticated activity as these systems are inherently complex. The engineering of CPS requires composition and interaction of diverse distributed software modules. Describing both,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2014-08-26 Jan Oliver Ringert , Bernhard Rumpe , Andreas Wortmann

Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) combine software and physical components. These systems are widely applied in society within many domains, including the automotive, aerospace, railway, etc. Testing these systems is extremely challenging,…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2021-01-15 Aitor Arrieta

Recent advancements in large language models (LLMs) have notably propelled natural language processing (NLP) capabilities, demonstrating significant potential in safety engineering applications. Despite these advancements, LLMs face…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Haiyang Tang , Zhenyi Liu , Dongping Chen , Qingzhao Chu

Predicting molecular properties is a critical component of drug discovery. Recent advances in deep learning, particularly Graph Neural Networks (GNNs), have enabled end-to-end learning from molecular structures, reducing reliance on manual…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-26 Peng Zhou , Lai Hou Tim , Zhixiang Cheng , Kun Xie , Chaoyi Li , Wei Liu , Xiangxiang Zeng

The threat of attack faced by cyber-physical systems (CPSs), especially when they play a critical role in automating public infrastructure, has motivated research into a wide variety of attack defence mechanisms. Assessing their…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-01-16 Yuqi Chen , Christopher M. Poskitt , Jun Sun , Sridhar Adepu , Fan Zhang

Recent research demonstrated that the superficially well-trained machine learning (ML) models are highly vulnerable to adversarial examples. As ML techniques are becoming a popular solution for cyber-physical systems (CPSs) applications in…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2020-11-26 Jiangnan Li , Yingyuan Yang , Jinyuan Stella Sun , Kevin Tomsovic , Hairong Qi

A well-known testing method for the safety evaluation and real-time validation of automotive software systems (ASSs) is Fault Injection (FI). In accordance with the ISO 26262 standard, the faults are introduced artificially for the purpose…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2026-03-19 Mohammad Abboush , Ahmad Hatahet , Andreas Rausch

The startling success of ChatGPT and other large language models (LLMs) using transformer-based generative neural network architecture in applications such as natural language processing and image synthesis has many researchers excited…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-11-05 Venkat Venkatasubramanian , Arijit Chakraborty

The rapid development in large language models (LLMs) has transformed the landscape of natural language processing and understanding (NLP/NLU), offering significant benefits across various domains. However, when applied to scientific…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2024-12-05 Nishan Pantha , Muthukumaran Ramasubramanian , Iksha Gurung , Manil Maskey , Rahul Ramachandran

Cyber-physical systems (CPS), which integrate algorithmic control with physical processes, often consist of physically distributed components communicating over a network. A malfunctioning or compromised component in such a CPS can lead to…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2016-11-08 Yuqi Chen , Christopher M. Poskitt , Jun Sun

The increasing deployment of Large Language Models (LLMs) across enterprise and mission-critical domains has underscored the urgent need for robust guardrailing systems that ensure safety, reliability, and compliance. Existing solutions…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-16 Karthik Avinash , Nikhil Pareek , Rishav Hada

Mutation testing is an established software quality assurance technique for the assessment of test suites. While it is well-suited to estimate the general fault-revealing capability of a test suite, it is not practical and informative when…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2023-02-01 Ezio Bartocci , Leonardo Mariani , Dejan Nickovic , Drishti Yadav
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