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Cultural context profoundly shapes how people interpret online content, yet vision-language models (VLMs) remain predominantly trained through Western or English-centric lenses. This limits their fairness and cross-cultural robustness in…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-02-13 Mo Wang , Kaixuan Ren , Pratik Jalan , Ahmed Ashraf , Tuong Vy Vu , Rahul Seetharaman , Shah Nawaz , Usman Naseem

Content moderation is the process of screening and monitoring user-generated content online. It plays a crucial role in stopping content resulting from unacceptable behaviors such as hate speech, harassment, violence against specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Álvaro Huertas-García , Alejandro Martín , Javier Huertas Tato , David Camacho

Social media misinformation harms individuals and societies and is potentialized by fast-growing multi-modal content (i.e., texts and images), which accounts for higher "credibility" than text-only news pieces. Although existing supervised…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-11-27 Hui Liu , Wenya Wang , Hao Sun , Anderson Rocha , Haoliang Li

Deepfakes are realistic face manipulations that can pose serious threats to security, privacy, and trust. Existing methods mostly treat this task as binary classification, which uses digital labels or mask signals to train the detection…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-08 Ke Sun , Shen Chen , Taiping Yao , Haozhe Yang , Xiaoshuai Sun , Shouhong Ding , Rongrong Ji

The advent of social media in recent years has fed into some highly undesirable phenomena such as proliferation of offensive language, hate speech, sexist remarks, etc. on the Internet. In light of this, there have been several efforts to…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-09-05 Pushkar Mishra , Helen Yannakoudakis , Ekaterina Shutova

The increasing realism of AI-generated images has raised serious concerns about misinformation and privacy violations, highlighting the urgent need for accurate and interpretable detection methods. While existing approaches have made…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-25 Tai-Ming Huang , Wei-Tung Lin , Kai-Lung Hua , Wen-Huang Cheng , Junichi Yamagishi , Jun-Cheng Chen

Exponentially growing short video platforms (SVPs) face significant challenges in moderating content detrimental to users' mental health, particularly for minors. The dissemination of such content on SVPs can lead to catastrophic societal…

Multimodal deep learning, especially vision-language models, have gained significant traction in recent years, greatly improving performance on many downstream tasks, including content moderation and violence detection. However, standard…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-05 Zhuokai Zhao , Harish Palani , Tianyi Liu , Lena Evans , Ruth Toner

The rise of deep learning models in the digital era has raised substantial concerns regarding the generation of Not-Safe-for-Work (NSFW) content. Existing defense methods primarily involve model fine-tuning and post-hoc content moderation.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-14 Xin Zhao , Xiaojun Chen , Yuexin Xuan , Zhendong Zhao , Xiaojun Jia , Xinfeng Li , Xiaofeng Wang

In recent years, Text-to-Image (T2I) models have seen remarkable advancements, gaining widespread adoption. However, this progress has inadvertently opened avenues for potential misuse, particularly in generating inappropriate or…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-04-02 Yijun Yang , Ruiyuan Gao , Xiaosen Wang , Tsung-Yi Ho , Nan Xu , Qiang Xu

Hateful meme detection is a new multimodal task that has gained significant traction in academic and industry research communities. Recently, researchers have applied pre-trained visual-linguistic models to perform the multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-07 Ming Shan Hee , Roy Ka-Wei Lee , Wen-Haw Chong

Recently, weakly supervised video anomaly detection (WS-VAD) has emerged as a contemporary research direction to identify anomaly events like violence and nudity in videos using only video-level labels. However, this task has substantial…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-12-31 Ayush Ghadiya , Purbayan Kar , Vishal Chudasama , Pankaj Wasnik

Deepfake videos present an increasing threat to society with potentially negative impact on criminal justice, democracy, and personal safety and privacy. Meanwhile, detecting deepfakes, at scale, remains a very challenging task that often…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-06-24 Mulin Tian , Mahyar Khayatkhoei , Joe Mathai , Wael AbdAlmageed

In recent years, deepfakes (DFs) have been utilized for malicious purposes, such as individual impersonation, misinformation spreading, and artists style imitation, raising questions about ethical and security concerns. In this survey, we…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-08 Hong-Hanh Nguyen-Le , Van-Tuan Tran , Dinh-Thuc Nguyen , Nhien-An Le-Khac

Despite the impressive generative capabilities of text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models, they remain vulnerable to generating inappropriate content, especially when confronted with implicit sexual prompts. Unlike explicit harmful prompts,…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-20 Yitong Sun , Yao Huang , Ruochen Zhang , Huanran Chen , Shouwei Ruan , Ranjie Duan , Xingxing Wei

The rapid advancement of social media platforms has significantly reduced the cost of information dissemination, yet it has also led to a proliferation of fake news, posing a threat to societal trust and credibility. Most of fake news…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-08-19 Aohan Li , Jiaxin Chen , Xin Liao , Dengyong Zhang

The key challenge of image manipulation detection is how to learn generalizable features that are sensitive to manipulations in novel data, whilst specific to prevent false alarms on authentic images. Current research emphasizes the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Xinru Chen , Chengbo Dong , Jiaqi Ji , Juan Cao , Xirong Li

Deep neural networks have achieved impressive experimental results in image classification, but can surprisingly be unstable with respect to adversarial perturbations, that is, minimal changes to the input image that cause the network to…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2017-05-08 Xiaowei Huang , Marta Kwiatkowska , Sen Wang , Min Wu

Despite the impressive capabilities of generating images, text-to-image diffusion models are susceptible to producing undesirable outputs such as NSFW content and copyrighted artworks. To address this issue, recent studies have focused on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-05-28 Tianyun Yang , Juan Cao , Chang Xu

Anomaly detection is vital in various industrial scenarios, including the identification of unusual patterns in production lines and the detection of manufacturing defects for quality control. Existing techniques tend to be specialized in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Xiaohao Xu , Yunkang Cao , Huaxin Zhang , Nong Sang , Xiaonan Huang