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Image search stands as a pivotal task in multimedia and computer vision, finding applications across diverse domains, ranging from internet search to medical diagnostics. Conventional image search systems operate by accepting textual or…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2024-04-30 Hongyi Zhu , Jia-Hong Huang , Stevan Rudinac , Evangelos Kanoulas

The main challenges limiting the adoption of deep learning-based solutions in medical workflows are the availability of annotated data and the lack of interpretability of such systems. Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) tackle the latter by…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Cristiano Patrício , Isabel Rio-Torto , Jaime S. Cardoso , Luís F. Teixeira , João C. Neves

Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have shown impressive capabilities across a range of tasks that integrate visual and textual understanding, such as image captioning and visual question answering. These models are trained on large-scale…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-11 Xiaomei Zhang , Hanyu Zheng , Xiangyu Zhu , Jinghuan Wei , Junhong Zou , Zhen Lei , Zhaoxiang Zhang

Image captioning evaluation remains a significant challenge, as vision-language models evolve toward more challenging capabilities such as generating long-form and context-rich descriptions. State-of-the-art evaluation metrics involve…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-22 Gonçalo Gomes , Bruno Martins , Chrysoula Zerva

Recent lightweight image captioning models using retrieved data mainly focus on text prompts. However, previous works only utilize the retrieved text as text prompts, and the visual information relies only on the CLIP visual embedding.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-01-27 Taewhan Kim , Soeun Lee , Si-Woo Kim , Dong-Jin Kim

Image captioning task has been extensively researched by previous work. However, limited experiments focus on generating captions based on non-autoregressive text decoder. Inspired by the recent success of the denoising diffusion model on…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Shitong Xu

Visual captioning benchmarks have become outdated with the emergence of modern multimodal large language models (MLLMs), as the brief ground-truth sentences and traditional metrics fail to assess detailed captions effectively. While recent…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-27 Zhihang Liu , Chen-Wei Xie , Bin Wen , Feiwu Yu , Jixuan Chen , Pandeng Li , Boqiang Zhang , Nianzu Yang , Yinglu Li , Zuan Gao , Yun Zheng , Hongtao Xie

Given the accelerating progress of vision and language modeling, accurate evaluation of machine-generated image captions remains critical. In order to evaluate captions more closely to human preferences, metrics need to discriminate between…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-02-29 Koki Maeda , Shuhei Kurita , Taiki Miyanishi , Naoaki Okazaki

Automatically describing video content with natural language has been attracting much attention in CV and NLP communities. Most existing methods predict one word at a time, and by feeding the last generated word back as input at the next…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2019-11-06 Huanhou Xiao , Jinglun Shi

The aim of image captioning is to generate textual description of a given image. Though seemingly an easy task for humans, it is challenging for machines as it requires the ability to comprehend the image (computer vision) and consequently…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-11-12 Anubhav Shrimal , Tanmoy Chakraborty

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently emerged, demonstrating remarkable vision-understanding capabilities. However, training these models requires large-scale datasets, which brings challenges related to efficiency, effectiveness, and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-08-12 Zheng Liu , Hao Liang , Bozhou Li , Wentao Xiong , Chong Chen , Conghui He , Wentao Zhang , Bin Cui

Images in the wild encapsulate rich knowledge about varied abstract concepts and cannot be sufficiently described with models built only using image-caption pairs containing selected objects. We propose to handle such a task with the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2017-10-18 Aditya Mogadala , Umanga Bista , Lexing Xie , Achim Rettinger

Visual Storytelling is a challenging multimodal task between Vision & Language, where the purpose is to generate a story for a stream of images. Its difficulty lies on the fact that the story should be both grounded to the image sequence…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-08-21 Admitos Passadakis , Yingjin Song , Albert Gatt

The increasing demand for intelligent systems capable of interpreting and reasoning about visual content requires the development of large Vision-and-Language Models (VLMs) that are not only accurate but also have explicit reasoning…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-19 Kohei Uehara , Nabarun Goswami , Hanqin Wang , Toshiaki Baba , Kohtaro Tanaka , Tomohiro Hashimoto , Kai Wang , Rei Ito , Takagi Naoya , Ryo Umagami , Yingyi Wen , Tanachai Anakewat , Tatsuya Harada

While recent vision-and-language models (VLMs) like CLIP are a powerful tool for analyzing text and images in a shared semantic space, they do not explicitly model the hierarchical nature of the set of texts which may describe an image.…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-07-17 Morris Alper , Hadar Averbuch-Elor

Large Language Models (LLMs) demonstrate impressive reasoning ability and the maintenance of world knowledge not only in natural language tasks, but also in some vision-language tasks such as open-domain knowledge-based visual question…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-11 Ziyue Wang , Chi Chen , Peng Li , Yang Liu

In this paper, we propose an end-to-end Retrieval-Augmented Visual Language Model (REVEAL) that learns to encode world knowledge into a large-scale memory, and to retrieve from it to answer knowledge-intensive queries. REVEAL consists of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Ziniu Hu , Ahmet Iscen , Chen Sun , Zirui Wang , Kai-Wei Chang , Yizhou Sun , Cordelia Schmid , David A. Ross , Alireza Fathi

Vision-language pre-training (VLP) has attracted increasing attention recently. With a large amount of image-text pairs, VLP models trained with contrastive loss have achieved impressive performance in various tasks, especially the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-01 Shipeng Yan , Lanqing Hong , Hang Xu , Jianhua Han , Tinne Tuytelaars , Zhenguo Li , Xuming He

Large language models have achieved great success in recent years, so as their variants in vision. Existing vision-language models can describe images in natural languages, answer visual-related questions, or perform complex reasoning about…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-12-15 Jiarui Xu , Xingyi Zhou , Shen Yan , Xiuye Gu , Anurag Arnab , Chen Sun , Xiaolong Wang , Cordelia Schmid

Language models (LMs) and their extension, vision-language models (VLMs), have achieved remarkable performance across various tasks. However, they still struggle with complex reasoning tasks that require multimodal or multilingual…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-09 Wenyi Wu , Zixuan Song , Kun Zhou , Yifei Shao , Zhiting Hu , Biwei Huang