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NSFW (Not Safe for Work) content, in the context of a dialogue, can have severe side effects on users in open-domain dialogue systems. However, research on detecting NSFW language, especially sexually explicit content, within a dialogue…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-03-22 Huachuan Qiu , Shuai Zhang , Hongliang He , Anqi Li , Zhenzhong Lan

The detection of online influence operations -- coordinated campaigns by malicious actors to spread narratives -- has traditionally depended on content analysis or network features. These approaches are increasingly brittle as generative…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2026-02-04 Philipp J. Schneider , Lanqin Yuan , Marian-Andrei Rizoiu

The ability to accurately detect and filter offensive content automatically is important to ensure a rich and diverse digital discourse. Trolling is a type of hurtful or offensive content that is prevalent in social media, but is…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2020-08-04 Hitkul , Karmanya Aggarwal , Pakhi Bamdev , Debanjan Mahata , Rajiv Ratn Shah , Ponnurangam Kumaraguru

With the advent of internet, not safe for work(NSFW) content moderation is a major problem today. Since,smartphones are now part of daily life of billions of people,it becomes even more important to have a solution which coulddetect and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2021-07-27 Anchal Pandey , Sukumar Moharana , Debi Prasanna Mohanty , Archit Panwar , Dewang Agarwal , Siva Prasad Thota

Content moderation on social media platforms shapes the dynamics of online discourse, influencing whose voices are amplified and whose are suppressed. Recent studies have raised concerns about the fairness of content moderation practices,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-25 Rebecca Dorn , Lee Kezar , Fred Morstatter , Kristina Lerman

The digital age has expanded social media and online forums, allowing free expression for nearly 45% of the global population. Yet, it has also fueled online harassment, bullying, and harmful behaviors like hate speech and toxic comments…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-12 Vuong M. Ngo , Cach N. Dang , Kien V. Nguyen , Mark Roantree

With increasing attention to online anti-social behaviors such as personal attacks and bigotry, it is critical to have an accurate accounting of how widespread anti-social behaviors are. In this paper, we empirically measure the prevalence…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Joon Sung Park , Joseph Seering , Michael S. Bernstein

In this dataset paper, we present a three-stage process to collect Reddit comments that are removed comments by moderators of several subreddits, for violating subreddit rules and guidelines. Other than the fact that these comments were…

Social and Information Networks · Computer Science 2019-07-18 Eshwar Chandrasekharan , Eric Gilbert

Mental health challenges and cyberbullying are increasingly prevalent in digital spaces, necessitating scalable and interpretable detection systems. This paper introduces a unified multiclass classification framework for detecting ten…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-26 Edward Ajayi , Martha Kachweka , Mawuli Deku , Emily Aiken

We present Rodent-Bench, a novel benchmark designed to evaluate the ability of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) to annotate rodent behaviour footage. We evaluate state-of-the-art MLLMs, including Gemini-2.5-Pro, Gemini-2.5-Flash and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-02-24 Thomas Heap , Laurence Aitchison , Emma Cahill , Adriana Casado Rodriguez

With the rapid advancement of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs), they have demonstrated exceptional capabilities across a variety of vision-language tasks. However, current evaluation benchmarks predominantly focus on objective…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-09-24 Haokun Li , Yazhou Zhang , Jizhi Ding , Qiuchi Li , Peng Zhang

Part of speech tagging is a fundamental NLP task often regarded as solved for high-resource languages such as English. Current state-of-the-art models have achieved high accuracy, especially on the news domain. However, when these models…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2020-04-30 Shabnam Behzad , Amir Zeldes

AI models have become extremely popular and accessible to the general public. However, they are continuously under the scanner due to their demonstrable biases toward various sections of the society like people of color and non-binary…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2023-10-11 Siddharth D Jaiswal , Ankit Kumar Verma , Animesh Mukherjee

In pseudonymous online fora like Reddit, the benefits of self-disclosure are often apparent to users (e.g., I can vent about my in-laws to understanding strangers), but the privacy risks are more abstract (e.g., will my partner be able to…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-12-20 Isadora Krsek , Anubha Kabra , Yao Dou , Tarek Naous , Laura A. Dabbish , Alan Ritter , Wei Xu , Sauvik Das

Effective mental health support is crucial for alleviating psychological distress. While large language model (LLM)-based assistants have shown promise in mental health interventions, existing research often defines "effective" support…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-03-31 Zeyad Alghamdi , Tharindu Kumarage , Garima Agrawal , Mansooreh Karami , Ibrahim Almuteb , Huan Liu

Online communities such as drug-related subreddits serve as safe spaces for people who use drugs (PWUD), fostering discussions on substance use experiences, harm reduction, and addiction recovery. Users' shared narratives on these forums…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-19 Layla Bouzoubaa , Elham Aghakhani , Max Song , Minh Trinh , Rezvaneh Rezapour

Large language models (LLMs) have exploded in popularity due to their ability to perform a wide array of natural language tasks. Text-based content moderation is one LLM use case that has received recent enthusiasm, however, there is little…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2024-01-18 Deepak Kumar , Yousef AbuHashem , Zakir Durumeric

The context-dependent nature of online aggression makes annotating large collections of data extremely difficult. Previously studied datasets in abusive language detection have been insufficient in size to efficiently train deep learning…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2018-08-31 Younghun Lee , Seunghyun Yoon , Kyomin Jung

Content moderation is the process of screening and monitoring user-generated content online. It plays a crucial role in stopping content resulting from unacceptable behaviors such as hate speech, harassment, violence against specific…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2023-01-02 Álvaro Huertas-García , Alejandro Martín , Javier Huertas Tato , David Camacho

Accurately estimating how users respond to moderation interventions is paramount for developing effective and user-centred moderation strategies. However, this requires a clear understanding of which user characteristics are associated with…

Computers and Society · Computer Science 2025-10-24 Benedetta Tessa , Alejandro Moreo , Stefano Cresci , Tiziano Fagni , Fabrizio Sebastiani