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On-screen learning behavior provides valuable insights into how students seek, use, and create information during learning. Analyzing on-screen behavioral engagement is essential for capturing students' cognitive and collaborative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-07 Likai Peng , Shihui Feng

The widespread adoption of Large Language Models (LLMs) and LLM-powered agents in multi-user settings underscores the need for reliable, usable methods to accommodate diverse preferences and resolve conflicting directives. Drawing on…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-03-20 Christine Lee , Jihye Choi , Bilge Mutlu

A multi-agent AI system (MAS) is composed of multiple autonomous agents that interact, exchange information, and make decisions based on internal generative models. Recent advances in large language models and tool-using agents have made…

Recursive or looped language models have recently emerged as a new scaling axis by iteratively refining the same model computation over latent states to deepen reasoning. We extend such scaling principle from a single model to multi-agent…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-04-29 Xiyuan Yang , Jiaru Zou , Rui Pan , Ruizhong Qiu , Pan Lu , Shizhe Diao , Jindong Jiang , Hanghang Tong , Tong Zhang , Markus J. Buehler , Jingrui He , James Zou

Large Language Model-based Multi-Agent Systems (LLM-based MAS), where multiple LLM agents collaborate to solve complex tasks, have shown impressive performance in many areas. However, MAS are typically distributed across different devices…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-01-09 Zhilun Zhou , Zihan Liu , Jiahe Liu , Qingyu Shao , Yihan Wang , Kun Shao , Depeng Jin , Fengli Xu

Multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) has achieved great progress in cooperative tasks in recent years. However, in the local reward scheme, where only local rewards for each agent are given without global rewards shared by all the…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-02-21 Yunbo Qiu , Yue Jin , Lebin Yu , Jian Wang , Xudong Zhang

Recent advancements in multimodal large language models and vision-languageaction models have significantly driven progress in Embodied AI. As the field transitions toward more complex task scenarios, multi-agent system frameworks are…

Multi-agent systems (MAS) decompose complex tasks and delegate subtasks to different large language model (LLM) agents and tools. Prior studies have reported the superior accuracy performance of MAS across diverse domains, enabled by…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Mingyan Gao , Yanzi Li , Banruo Liu , Yifan Yu , Phillip Wang , Ching-Yu Lin , Fan Lai

Large Language Models (LLMs) have revolutionized AI-generated content evaluation, with the LLM-as-a-Judge paradigm becoming increasingly popular. However, current single-LLM evaluation approaches face significant challenges, including…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-03 Yiyue Qian , Shinan Zhang , Yun Zhou , Haibo Ding , Diego Socolinsky , Yi Zhang

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) methods find optimal policies for agents that operate in the presence of other learning agents. Central to achieving this is how the agents coordinate. One way to coordinate is by learning to…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2020-04-10 Shubham Gupta , Rishi Hazra , Ambedkar Dukkipati

The objective of meta-learning is to exploit the knowledge obtained from observed tasks to improve adaptation to unseen tasks. As such, meta-learners are able to generalize better when they are trained with a larger number of observed tasks…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-10-11 Mert Kayaalp , Stefan Vlaski , Ali H. Sayed

Recent advancements in Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) powered by Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated tremendous potential in diverse task scenarios. Nonetheless, existing agentic systems typically rely on predefined agent-role design…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-05-21 Zhipeng Hou , Junyi Tang , Yipeng Wang

Multi-agent systems (MAS) leveraging the impressive capabilities of Large Language Models (LLMs) hold significant potential for tackling complex tasks. However, most current MAS depend on manually designed agent roles and communication…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-10 Zixuan Ke , Austin Xu , Yifei Ming , Xuan-Phi Nguyen , Ryan Chin , Caiming Xiong , Shafiq Joty

Product concept evaluation is a critical stage that determines strategic resource allocation and project success in enterprises. However, traditional expert-led approaches face limitations such as subjective bias and high time and cost…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-03-09 Bin Xuan , Ruo Ai , Hakyeon Lee

Large sequence model (SM) such as GPT series and BERT has displayed outstanding performance and generalization capabilities on vision, language, and recently reinforcement learning tasks. A natural follow-up question is how to abstract…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2022-10-31 Muning Wen , Jakub Grudzien Kuba , Runji Lin , Weinan Zhang , Ying Wen , Jun Wang , Yaodong Yang

As AI agents evolve, the community is rapidly shifting from single Large Language Models (LLMs) to Multi-Agent Systems (MAS) to overcome cognitive bottlenecks in automated research. However, the optimal multi-agent coordination framework…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Yang Shen , Zhenyi Yi , Ziyi Zhao , Lijun Sun , Dongyang Li , Chin-Teng Lin , Yuhui Shi

Data marketplaces, which mediate the purchase and exchange of data from third parties, have attracted growing attention for reducing the cost and effort of data collection while enabling the trading of diverse datasets. However, a…

Multiagent Systems · Computer Science 2025-11-18 Jun Sashihara , Yukihisa Fujita , Kota Nakamura , Masahiro Kuwahara , Teruaki Hayashi

Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL) is a branch of machine learning in which agents interact and learn optimal policies through trial and error, addressing complex scenarios where multiple agents interact and learn in the same…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2025-12-03 Changhee Lee , Jeongmin Rhee , DongHwa Shin

Recent advances in large language models (LLMs) have sparked growing interest in building generalist agents that can learn through online interactions. However, applying reinforcement learning (RL) to train LLM agents in multi-turn,…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-10-07 Hanchen Zhang , Xiao Liu , Bowen Lv , Xueqiao Sun , Bohao Jing , Iat Long Iong , Zhenyu Hou , Zehan Qi , Hanyu Lai , Yifan Xu , Rui Lu , Hongning Wang , Jie Tang , Yuxiao Dong

Large Language Models (LLMs) have achieved remarkable success across a wide array of tasks. Due to the impressive planning and reasoning abilities of LLMs, they have been used as autonomous agents to do many tasks automatically. Recently,…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-04-22 Taicheng Guo , Xiuying Chen , Yaqi Wang , Ruidi Chang , Shichao Pei , Nitesh V. Chawla , Olaf Wiest , Xiangliang Zhang
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