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End-to-end autonomous driving has emerged as a pivotal direction in the field of autonomous systems. Recent works have demonstrated impressive performance by incorporating high-level guidance signals to steer low-level trajectory planners.…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-09 Zebin Xing , Yupeng Zheng , Qichao Zhang , Zhixing Ding , Pengxuan Yang , Songen Gu , Zhongpu Xia , Dongbin Zhao

In autonomous driving, high-definition (HD) maps and semantic maps in bird's-eye view (BEV) are essential for accurate localization, planning, and decision-making. This paper introduces an enhanced End-to-End model named MapFM for online…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-19 Leonid Ivanov , Vasily Yuryev , Dmitry Yudin

End-to-end autonomous driving, which bypasses traditional modular pipelines by directly predicting future trajectories from sensor inputs, has recently achieved substantial progress. However, existing methods often overlook the causal…

Robotics · Computer Science 2026-05-20 Seokha Moon , Minseung Lee , Joon Seo , Jinkyu Kim , Jungbeom Lee

End-to-end autonomous driving frameworks enable seamless integration of perception and planning but often rely on one-shot trajectory prediction, which may lead to unstable control and vulnerability to occlusions in single-frame perception.…

Autonomous driving has advanced significantly due to sensors, machine learning, and artificial intelligence improvements. However, prevailing methods struggle with intricate scenarios and causal relationships, hindering adaptability and…

Diffusion models have become a popular choice for decision-making tasks in robotics, and more recently, are also being considered for solving autonomous driving tasks. However, their applications and evaluations in autonomous driving remain…

A key challenge for autonomous driving lies in maintaining real-time situational awareness regarding surrounding obstacles under strict latency constraints. The high processing requirements coupled with limited onboard computational…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-02 Faisal Hawladera , Rui Meireles , Gamal Elghazaly , Ana Aguiar , Raphaël Frank

Human driving behavior is inherently diverse, yet most end-to-end autonomous driving (E2E-AD) systems learn a single average driving style, neglecting individual differences. Achieving personalized E2E-AD faces challenges across three…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-04 Xiaoru Dong , Ruiqin Li , Xiao Han , Zhenxuan Wu , Jiamin Wang , Jian Chen , Qi Jiang , SM Yiu , Xinge Zhu , Yuexin Ma

Human drivers adeptly navigate complex scenarios by utilizing rich attentional semantics, but the current autonomous systems struggle to replicate this ability, as they often lose critical semantic information when converting 2D…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Pei Liu , Haipeng Liu , Haichao Liu , Xin Liu , Jinxin Ni , Jun Ma

Achieving reliable and safe autonomous driving in off-road environments requires accurate and efficient terrain traversability analysis. However, this task faces several challenges, including the scarcity of large-scale datasets tailored…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-04-17 Yafeng Bu , Zhenping Sun , Xiaohui Li , Jun Zeng , Xin Zhang , Hui Shen

Designing a driving policy for autonomous vehicles is a difficult task. Recent studies suggested an end-toend (E2E) training of a policy to predict car actuators directly from raw sensory inputs. It is appealing due to the ease of labeled…

Robotics · Computer Science 2019-01-07 Yonatan Glassner , Liran Gispan , Ariel Ayash , Tal Furman Shohet

This paper presents HUANet, a constrained deep neural network architecture that unrolls the iterations of the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) into a trainable neural network for solving constrained convex optimization…

Optimization and Control · Mathematics 2026-04-16 Trinh Tran , Binh Nguyen , Truong X. Nghiem

Accurate prediction of surrounding road users' trajectories is essential for safe and efficient autonomous driving. While deep learning models have improved performance, challenges remain in preventing off-road predictions and ensuring…

End-to-end autonomous driving aims to produce planning trajectories from raw sensors directly. Currently, most approaches integrate perception, prediction, and planning modules into a fully differentiable network, promising great…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-12-23 Pengxuan Yang , Yupeng Zheng , Qichao Zhang , Kefei Zhu , Zebin Xing , Qiao Lin , Yun-Fu Liu , Zhiguo Su , Dongbin Zhao

Simulation-based testing has emerged as an essential tool for verifying and validating autonomous vehicles (AVs). However, contemporary methodologies, such as deterministic and imitation learning-based driver models, struggle to capture the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Cheng Wang , Lingxin Kong , Massimiliano Tamborski , Stefano V. Albrecht

While autonomous driving technology has made remarkable strides, data-driven approaches still struggle with complex scenarios due to their limited reasoning capabilities. Meanwhile, knowledge-driven autonomous driving systems have evolved…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-01-15 Yukai Ma , Tiantian Wei , Naiting Zhong , Jianbiao Mei , Tao Hu , Licheng Wen , Xuemeng Yang , Botian Shi , Yong Liu

Planning safe trajectories under uncertain and dynamic conditions makes the autonomous driving problem significantly complex. Current sampling-based methods such as Rapidly Exploring Random Trees (RRTs) are not ideal for this problem…

Robotics · Computer Science 2020-11-11 Kaleb Ben Naveed , Zhiqian Qiao , John M. Dolan

End-to-end autonomous driving methods aim to directly map raw sensor inputs to future driving actions such as planned trajectories, bypassing traditional modular pipelines. While these approaches have shown promise, they often operate under…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-10-14 Bozhou Zhang , Nan Song , Jingyu Li , Xiatian Zhu , Jiankang Deng , Li Zhang

High infraction rates remain the primary bottleneck for end-to-end (E2E) autonomous driving, as evidenced by the low driving scores on the CARLA Leaderboard. Despite collision-related infractions being the dominant failure mode in…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Alex Koran , Dimitrios Sinodinos , Hadi Hojjati , Takuya Nanri , Fangge Chen , Narges Armanfard

Trajectory-scoring planners achieve high navigation compliance when following the expert's original command, yet they struggle at intersections when presented with alternative commands; over 30 percent of such commands are ignored. We…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-03-27 Hanfeng Wu , Marlon Steiner , Michael Schmidt , Alvaro Marcos-Ramiro , Christoph Stiller